maintenance: add prune-remote-refs task

Remote-tracking refs can accumulate in local repositories even as branches
are deleted on remotes, impacting git performance negatively. Existing
alternatives to keep refs pruned have a few issues:

  1. Running `git fetch` with either `--prune` or `fetch.prune=true`
     set, with the default refspec to copy all their branches into
     our remote-tracking branches, will prune stale refs, but also
     pulls in new branches from remote.  That is undesirable if the
     user wants to only work with a selected few remote branches.

  2. `git remote prune` cleans up refs without adding to the
     existing list but requires periodic user intervention.

Add a new maintenance task 'prune-remote-refs' that runs 'git remote
prune' for each configured remote daily.  Leave the task disabled by
default, as it may be unexpected to see their remote-tracking
branches to disappear while they are not watching for unsuspecting
users.

Signed-off-by: Shubham Kanodia <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <[email protected]>

Documentation/git-maintenance.txt

@@ -158,6 +158,26 @@ pack-refs::
 	need to iterate across many references. See linkgit:git-pack-refs[1]
 	for more information.
 
+prune-remote-refs::
+	The `prune-remote-refs` task runs `git remote prune` on each remote
+	repository registered in the local repository. This task helps clean
+	up deleted remote branches, improving the performance of operations
+	that iterate through the refs. See linkgit:git-remote[1] for more
+	information. This task is disabled by default.
++
+NOTE: This task is opt-in to prevent unexpected removal of remote refs
+for users of linkgit:git-maintenance[1]. For most users, configuring `fetch.prune=true`
+is an acceptable solution, as it will automatically clean up stale remote-tracking
+branches during normal fetch operations. However, this task can be useful in
+specific scenarios:
++
+--
+* When using selective fetching (e.g., `git fetch origin +foo:refs/remotes/origin/foo`)
+  where `fetch.prune` would only affect refs that are explicitly fetched.
+* When third-party tools might perform unexpected full fetches, and you want
+  periodic cleanup independently of fetch operations.
+--
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 --auto::

builtin/gc.c

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "remote.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
 #include "strvec.h"
 #include "commit.h"
@@ -916,6 +917,63 @@ static int maintenance_opt_schedule(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+struct remote_cb_data {
+	struct maintenance_run_opts *maintenance_opts;
+	struct string_list failed_remotes;
+};
+
+static void report_failed_remotes(struct string_list *failed_remotes,
+				  const char *action_name)
+{
+	if (failed_remotes->nr) {
+		int i;
+		struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addf(&msg, _("failed to %s the following remotes: "),
+			    action_name);
+		for (i = 0; i < failed_remotes->nr; i++) {
+			if (i)
+				strbuf_addstr(&msg, ", ");
+			strbuf_addstr(&msg, failed_remotes->items[i].string);
+		}
+		error("%s", msg.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&msg);
+	}
+}
+
+static int prune_remote(struct remote *remote, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct remote_cb_data *data = cb_data;
+
+	if (!remote->url.nr)
+		return 0;
+
+	child.git_cmd = 1;
+	strvec_pushl(&child.args, "remote", "prune", remote->name, NULL);
+
+	if (run_command(&child))
+		string_list_append(&data->failed_remotes, remote->name);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int maintenance_task_prune_remote(struct maintenance_run_opts *opts,
+					 struct gc_config *cfg UNUSED)
+{
+	struct remote_cb_data cbdata = { .maintenance_opts = opts,
+					 .failed_remotes = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP };
+
+	int result;
+	result = for_each_remote(prune_remote, &cbdata);
+
+	report_failed_remotes(&cbdata.failed_remotes, "prune");
+	if (cbdata.failed_remotes.nr)
+		result = 1;
+
+	string_list_clear(&cbdata.failed_remotes, 0);
+	return result;
+}
+
 /* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
 #define SEEN		(1u<<0)
 
@@ -1036,8 +1094,8 @@ static int maintenance_task_commit_graph(struct maintenance_run_opts *opts,
 
 static int fetch_remote(struct remote *remote, void *cbdata)
 {
-	struct maintenance_run_opts *opts = cbdata;
 	struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct remote_cb_data *data = cbdata;
 
 	if (remote->skip_default_update)
 		return 0;
@@ -1048,21 +1106,34 @@ static int fetch_remote(struct remote *remote, void *cbdata)
 		     "--no-write-fetch-head", "--recurse-submodules=no",
 		     NULL);
 
-	if (opts->quiet)
+	if (data->maintenance_opts->quiet)
 		strvec_push(&child.args, "--quiet");
 
-	return !!run_command(&child);
+	if (run_command(&child))
+		string_list_append(&data->failed_remotes, remote->name);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int maintenance_task_prefetch(struct maintenance_run_opts *opts,
 				     struct gc_config *cfg UNUSED)
 {
-	if (for_each_remote(fetch_remote, opts)) {
-		error(_("failed to prefetch remotes"));
-		return 1;
+	struct remote_cb_data cbdata = { .maintenance_opts = opts,
+					 .failed_remotes = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP };
+
+	int result = 0;
+
+	if (for_each_remote(fetch_remote, &cbdata)) {
+		error(_("failed to prefetch some remotes"));
+		result = 1;
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	report_failed_remotes(&cbdata.failed_remotes, "prefetch");
+	if (cbdata.failed_remotes.nr)
+		result = 1;
+
+	string_list_clear(&cbdata.failed_remotes, 0);
+	return result;
 }
 
 static int maintenance_task_gc(struct maintenance_run_opts *opts,
@@ -1378,6 +1449,7 @@ enum maintenance_task_label {
 	TASK_GC,
 	TASK_COMMIT_GRAPH,
 	TASK_PACK_REFS,
+	TASK_PRUNE_REMOTE_REFS,
 
 	/* Leave as final value */
 	TASK__COUNT
@@ -1414,6 +1486,10 @@ static struct maintenance_task tasks[] = {
 		maintenance_task_pack_refs,
 		pack_refs_condition,
 	},
+	[TASK_PRUNE_REMOTE_REFS] = {
+		"prune-remote-refs",
+		maintenance_task_prune_remote,
+	},
 };
 
 static int compare_tasks_by_selection(const void *a_, const void *b_)
@@ -1508,6 +1584,8 @@ static void initialize_maintenance_strategy(void)
 		tasks[TASK_LOOSE_OBJECTS].schedule = SCHEDULE_DAILY;
 		tasks[TASK_PACK_REFS].enabled = 1;
 		tasks[TASK_PACK_REFS].schedule = SCHEDULE_WEEKLY;
+		tasks[TASK_PRUNE_REMOTE_REFS].enabled = 0;
+		tasks[TASK_PRUNE_REMOTE_REFS].schedule = SCHEDULE_DAILY;
 	}
 }
 

t/t7900-maintenance.sh

@@ -447,6 +447,88 @@ test_expect_success 'pack-refs task' '
 	test_subcommand git pack-refs --all --prune <pack-refs.txt
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'prune-remote-refs task not enabled by default' '
+	git clone . prune-test &&
+	(
+		cd prune-test &&
+		GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/prune.txt" git maintenance run 2>err &&
+		test_subcommand ! git remote prune origin <prune.txt
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune-remote-refs task cleans stale remote refs' '
+	test_commit initial &&
+
+	# Create two separate remote repos
+	git clone . remote1 &&
+	git clone . remote2 &&
+
+	git clone . prune-test-clean &&
+	(
+		cd prune-test-clean &&
+		git config maintenance.prune-remote-refs.enabled true &&
+
+		# Add both remotes
+		git remote add remote1 "../remote1" &&
+		git remote add remote2 "../remote2" &&
+
+		# Create and push branches to both remotes
+		git branch -f side2 HEAD &&
+		git push remote1 side2 &&
+		git push remote2 side2 &&
+
+		# Rename branches in each remote to simulate a stale branch
+		git -C ../remote1 branch -m side2 side3 &&
+		git -C ../remote2 branch -m side2 side4 &&
+
+		GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/prune.txt" git maintenance run --task=prune-remote-refs &&
+
+		# Verify pruning happened for both remotes
+		test_subcommand git remote prune remote1 <prune.txt &&
+		test_subcommand git remote prune remote2 <prune.txt &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/remote1/side2 &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/remote2/side2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune-remote-refs task continues to prune remotes even if some fail' '
+	test_commit initial &&
+
+	git clone . remote-bad1 &&
+	git clone . remote-bad2 &&
+	git clone . remote-good &&
+
+	git clone . prune-test-partial &&
+	(
+		cd prune-test-partial &&
+		git config maintenance.prune-remote-refs.enabled true &&
+
+		# Add remotes in alphabetical order to ensure processing order
+		git remote add aaa-bad1 "../remote-bad1" &&
+		git remote add bbb-bad2 "../remote-bad2" &&
+		git remote add ccc-good "../remote-good" &&
+
+		# Create and push branches to all remotes
+		git branch -f side2 HEAD &&
+		git push aaa-bad1 side2 &&
+		git push bbb-bad2 side2 &&
+		git push ccc-good side2 &&
+
+		# Rename branch in good remote to simulate a stale branch
+		git -C ../remote-good branch -m side2 side3 &&
+
+		# Break the bad remotes by removing their directories
+		rm -rf ../remote-bad1 ../remote-bad2 &&
+
+		GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/prune.txt" git maintenance run --task=prune-remote-refs 2>err || true &&
+
+		# Verify pruning happened for good remote despite bad remote failures
+		test_subcommand git remote prune ccc-good <prune.txt &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/ccc-good/side2 &&
+		test_grep "error: failed to prune the following remotes: aaa-bad1, bbb-bad2" err
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success '--auto and --schedule incompatible' '
 	test_must_fail git maintenance run --auto --schedule=daily 2>err &&
 	test_grep "at most one" err