Add `check` command (#15692) #199

Job	Run time
cargo fmt	17s
Determine changes	8s
mkdocs	2m 31s
cargo build (release)	6m 7s
python package	1m 17s
pre-commit	3m 22s
cargo clippy	1m 53s
cargo test (linux)	1s
cargo test (linux, release)	1s
cargo test (windows)	1s
cargo build (msrv)	4m 19s
cargo fuzz build	5m 48s
cargo shear	23s
cargo test (wasm)	1m 43s
formatter instabilities and black similarity	3m 27s
test scripts	1m 11s
benchmarks	0s
test ruff-lsp	0s
ecosystem	0s
fuzz parser	0s
	32m 29s

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