Fix code style issues with Black

1_beginner/chapter3/examples/math_operators.py

@@ -29,4 +29,4 @@
 # Exponent
 x = 2
 y = 3
-print(x ** y)  # prints 8
+print(x**y)  # prints 8

1_beginner/chapter3/solutions/circle.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 radius = float(input("Enter a radius: "))
 
 # Calculate the area and circumference
-area = PI * radius ** 2
+area = PI * radius**2
 circumference = 2 * PI * radius
 
 # Print the result

1_beginner/chapter3/solutions/cylinder_volume.py

@@ -6,5 +6,5 @@
 PI = 3.14
 height = float(input("Height of cylinder: "))
 radius = float(input("Radius of cylinder: "))
-volume = PI * radius ** 2 * height
+volume = PI * radius**2 * height
 print("The volume of the cylinder is", volume)

1_beginner/chapter4/solutions/square.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 if number % 2 == 0:
     # if number is even, print its square
-    print(number ** 2)
+    print(number**2)
 else:
     # otherwise, print the number itself
     print(number)

2_intermediate/chapter13/examples/vector2.py

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def __str__(self):
     """
 
     def __pow__(self, power):
-        return Vector([i ** power for i in self.vals])
+        return Vector([i**power for i in self.vals])
 
     """
     Addition: adds each element to corresponding element in other vector
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def __sub__(self, vec):
 vec = Vector([2, 3, 2])
 otherVec = Vector([3, 4, 5])
 print(str(vec))  # [2, 3, 2]
-print(vec ** 2)  # [4, 9, 4]
+print(vec**2)  # [4, 9, 4]
 print(vec - otherVec)  # [-1, -1, -3]
 print(vec + otherVec)  # [5,  7, 7]
 print(vec * 5)  # [10, 15, 10]

2_intermediate/chapter13/examples/vector3.py

@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ def __str__(self):
         return str(self.vals)
 
     def __pow__(self, power):
-        return Vector([i ** power for i in self.vals])
+        return Vector([i**power for i in self.vals])
 
     # Calculates Euclidean norm
     def norm(self):
-        return sum((self ** 2).vals) ** 0.5
+        return sum((self**2).vals) ** 0.5
 
     # __lt__:  implements the less than operator (<)
     def __lt__(self, other):

3_advanced/chapter14/solutions/odd_squares.py

@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@
     ex_list[idx] = int(ex_list[idx])
 
 # write your code below
-odds_quares = [n ** 2 for n in list if n % 2 == 1]
+odds_quares = [n**2 for n in list if n % 2 == 1]

games/chapter4/examples/OOP_game.py

@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ def check_events(self, event):
             mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
             h = mouse_pos[1] - bul.rect.center[1]
             w = mouse_pos[0] - bul.rect.center[0]
-            hyp = math.sqrt(h ** 2 + w ** 2)
+            hyp = math.sqrt(h**2 + w**2)
             vertical_speed = (
                 BULLETSPEED[1] * (h / hyp) if hyp != 0 else BULLETSPEED[1] * h
             )

games/chapter5/practice/sound_tanks.py

@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ def check_events(self, event):
             mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
             h = mouse_pos[1] - bul.rect.center[1]
             w = mouse_pos[0] - bul.rect.center[0]
-            hyp = math.sqrt(h ** 2 + w ** 2)
+            hyp = math.sqrt(h**2 + w**2)
             vertical_speed = (
                 BULLETSPEED[1] * (h / hyp) if hyp != 0 else BULLETSPEED[1] * h
             )

games/chapter5/solutions/sound_tanks.py

@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ def check_events(self, event):
             mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
             h = mouse_pos[1] - bul.rect.center[1]
             w = mouse_pos[0] - bul.rect.center[0]
-            hyp = math.sqrt(h ** 2 + w ** 2)
+            hyp = math.sqrt(h**2 + w**2)
             vertical_speed = (
                 BULLETSPEED[1] * (h / hyp) if hyp != 0 else BULLETSPEED[1] * h
             )