Add new helper functions, IrrationalConstants

[cgarling]

IrrationalConstants helps with numerical constants like log(10) = IrrationalConstants.logten which are expressed as irrationals and so will not auto-promote data types like Float32 like log(10) would because it evaluates to a Float64. Added some magnitude, flux error helper functions + SNR.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 88.30%. Comparing base (5ca85f7) to head (5674e02).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main      #47      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   88.27%   88.30%   +0.03%     
==========================================
  Files          18       18              
  Lines        1492     1496       +4     
==========================================
+ Hits         1317     1321       +4     
  Misses        175      175              

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