More generic error handling

Cargo.toml

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ embedded-graphics = "0.8"
 embedded-hal-mock = { version = "=0.10.0", default-features = false, features = [
     "eh1",
 ] }
+anyhow = { version = "1.0", default-features = false}
 
 [target.'cfg(unix)'.dev-dependencies]
 linux-embedded-hal = "0.4.0"

examples/epd1in54_no_graphics.rs

@@ -1,21 +1,22 @@
 #![deny(warnings)]
 
+use anyhow;
 use embedded_hal::delay::DelayNs;
 use epd_waveshare::{epd1in54::Epd1in54, prelude::*};
 use linux_embedded_hal::{
     spidev::{self, SpidevOptions},
     sysfs_gpio::Direction,
-    Delay, SPIError, SpidevDevice, SysfsPin,
+    Delay, SpidevDevice, SysfsPin,
 };
 
 // activate spi, gpio in raspi-config
 // needs to be run with sudo because of some sysfs_gpio permission problems and follow-up timing problems
 // see https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-sysfs-gpio/issues/5 and follow-up issues
 
-fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
+fn main() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
     // Configure SPI
     // SPI settings are from eink-waveshare-rs documenation
-    let mut spi = SpidevDevice::open("/dev/spidev0.0")?;
+    let mut spi = SpidevDevice::open("/dev/spidev0.0").map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
     let options = SpidevOptions::new()
         .bits_per_word(8)
         .max_speed_hz(4_000_000)
@@ -58,14 +59,18 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
 
     // Setup of the needed pins is finished here
     // Now the "real" usage of the eink-waveshare-rs crate begins
-    let mut epd = Epd1in54::new(&mut spi, busy, dc, rst, &mut delay, Some(5))?;
+    let mut epd =
+        Epd1in54::new(&mut spi, busy, dc, rst, &mut delay, Some(5)).map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
 
     // Clear the full screen
-    epd.clear_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)?;
-    epd.display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)?;
+    epd.clear_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
+    epd.display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
 
     // Speeddemo
-    epd.set_lut(&mut spi, &mut delay, Some(RefreshLut::Quick))?;
+    epd.set_lut(&mut spi, &mut delay, Some(RefreshLut::Quick))
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
     let small_buffer = [Color::Black.get_byte_value(); 32]; //16x16
     let number_of_runs = 1;
     for i in 0..number_of_runs {
@@ -78,30 +83,39 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
             25 + offset,
             16,
             16,
-        )?;
-        epd.display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)?;
+        )
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
+        epd.display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+            .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
     }
 
     // Clear the full screen
-    epd.clear_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)?;
-    epd.display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)?;
+    epd.clear_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
+    epd.display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
 
     // Draw some squares
     let small_buffer = [Color::Black.get_byte_value(); 3200]; //160x160
-    epd.update_partial_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay, &small_buffer, 20, 20, 160, 160)?;
+    epd.update_partial_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay, &small_buffer, 20, 20, 160, 160)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
 
     let small_buffer = [Color::White.get_byte_value(); 800]; //80x80
-    epd.update_partial_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay, &small_buffer, 60, 60, 80, 80)?;
+    epd.update_partial_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay, &small_buffer, 60, 60, 80, 80)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
 
     let small_buffer = [Color::Black.get_byte_value(); 8]; //8x8
-    epd.update_partial_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay, &small_buffer, 96, 96, 8, 8)?;
+    epd.update_partial_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay, &small_buffer, 96, 96, 8, 8)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
 
     // Display updated frame
-    epd.display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)?;
+    epd.display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
     delay.delay_ms(5000);
 
     // Set the EPD to sleep
-    epd.sleep(&mut spi, &mut delay)?;
+    epd.sleep(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
 
     Ok(())
 }

examples/epd2in13_v2.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #![deny(warnings)]
 
+use anyhow;
 use embedded_graphics::{
     mono_font::MonoTextStyleBuilder,
     prelude::*,
@@ -16,15 +17,15 @@ use epd_waveshare::{
 use linux_embedded_hal::{
     spidev::{self, SpidevOptions},
     sysfs_gpio::Direction,
-    Delay, SPIError, SpidevDevice, SysfsPin,
+    Delay, SpidevDevice, SysfsPin,
 };
 
 // The pins in this example are for the Universal e-Paper Raw Panel Driver HAT
 // activate spi, gpio in raspi-config
 // needs to be run with sudo because of some sysfs_gpio permission problems and follow-up timing problems
 // see https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-sysfs-gpio/issues/5 and follow-up issues
 
-fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
+fn main() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
     // Configure SPI
     // Settings are taken from
     let mut spi = SpidevDevice::open("/dev/spidev0.0").expect("spidev directory");
@@ -80,7 +81,9 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
     display.set_rotation(DisplayRotation::Rotate270);
     draw_text(&mut display, "Rotate 270!", 5, 50);
 
-    epd2in13.update_frame(&mut spi, display.buffer(), &mut delay)?;
+    epd2in13
+        .update_frame(&mut spi, display.buffer(), &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
     epd2in13
         .display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)
         .expect("display frame new graphics");
@@ -156,7 +159,9 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
     }
 
     println!("Finished tests - going to sleep");
-    epd2in13.sleep(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+    epd2in13
+        .sleep(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)
 }
 
 fn draw_text(display: &mut Display2in13, text: &str, x: i32, y: i32) {

examples/epd2in13bc.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #![deny(warnings)]
 
+use anyhow;
 use embedded_graphics::{
     mono_font::MonoTextStyleBuilder,
     prelude::*,
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ use epd_waveshare::{
 use linux_embedded_hal::{
     spidev::{self, SpidevOptions},
     sysfs_gpio::Direction,
-    Delay, SPIError, SpidevDevice, SysfsPin,
+    Delay, SpidevDevice, SysfsPin,
 };
 
 // activate spi, gpio in raspi-config
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ use linux_embedded_hal::{
 //
 // after finishing, put the display to sleep
 
-fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
+fn main() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
     let busy = SysfsPin::new(24); // GPIO 24, board J-18
     busy.export().expect("busy export");
     while !busy.is_exported() {}
@@ -137,12 +138,14 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
 
     // we used three colors, so we need to update both bw-buffer and chromatic-buffer
 
-    epd2in13.update_color_frame(
-        &mut spi,
-        &mut delay,
-        display.bw_buffer(),
-        display.chromatic_buffer(),
-    )?;
+    epd2in13
+        .update_color_frame(
+            &mut spi,
+            &mut delay,
+            display.bw_buffer(),
+            display.chromatic_buffer(),
+        )
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
     epd2in13
         .display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)
         .expect("display frame new graphics");
@@ -152,16 +155,22 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
 
     // clear both bw buffer and chromatic buffer
     display.clear(TriColor::White).ok();
-    epd2in13.update_color_frame(
-        &mut spi,
-        &mut delay,
-        display.bw_buffer(),
-        display.chromatic_buffer(),
-    )?;
-    epd2in13.display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)?;
+    epd2in13
+        .update_color_frame(
+            &mut spi,
+            &mut delay,
+            display.bw_buffer(),
+            display.chromatic_buffer(),
+        )
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
+    epd2in13
+        .display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
 
     println!("Finished tests - going to sleep");
-    epd2in13.sleep(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+    epd2in13
+        .sleep(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)
 }
 
 fn draw_text(display: &mut Display2in13bc, text: &str, x: i32, y: i32) {

examples/epd4in2.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #![deny(warnings)]
 
+use anyhow;
 use embedded_graphics::{
     mono_font::MonoTextStyleBuilder,
     prelude::*,
@@ -16,14 +17,14 @@ use epd_waveshare::{
 use linux_embedded_hal::{
     spidev::{self, SpidevOptions},
     sysfs_gpio::Direction,
-    Delay, SPIError, SpidevDevice, SysfsPin,
+    Delay, SpidevDevice, SysfsPin,
 };
 
 // activate spi, gpio in raspi-config
 // needs to be run with sudo because of some sysfs_gpio permission problems and follow-up timing problems
 // see https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-sysfs-gpio/issues/5 and follow-up issues
 
-fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
+fn main() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
     // Configure SPI
     // Settings are taken from
     let mut spi = SpidevDevice::open("/dev/spidev0.0").expect("spidev directory");
@@ -79,7 +80,9 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
     display.set_rotation(DisplayRotation::Rotate270);
     draw_text(&mut display, "Rotate 270!", 5, 50);
 
-    epd4in2.update_frame(&mut spi, display.buffer(), &mut delay)?;
+    epd4in2
+        .update_frame(&mut spi, display.buffer(), &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
     epd4in2
         .display_frame(&mut spi, &mut delay)
         .expect("display frame new graphics");
@@ -147,7 +150,9 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
     }
 
     println!("Finished tests - going to sleep");
-    epd4in2.sleep(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+    epd4in2
+        .sleep(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)
 }
 
 fn draw_text(display: &mut Display4in2, text: &str, x: i32, y: i32) {

examples/epd4in2_variable_size.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #![deny(warnings)]
 #![deny(warnings)]
 
+use anyhow;
 use embedded_graphics::{
     mono_font::MonoTextStyleBuilder,
     prelude::*,
@@ -17,14 +18,14 @@ use epd_waveshare::{
 use linux_embedded_hal::{
     spidev::{self, SpidevOptions},
     sysfs_gpio::Direction,
-    Delay, SPIError, SpidevDevice, SysfsPin,
+    Delay, SpidevDevice, SysfsPin,
 };
 
 // activate spi, gpio in raspi-config
 // needs to be run with sudo because of some sysfs_gpio permission problems and follow-up timing problems
 // see https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-sysfs-gpio/issues/5 and follow-up issues
 
-fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
+fn main() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
     // Configure SPI
     // Settings are taken from
     let mut spi = SpidevDevice::open("/dev/spidev0.0").expect("spidev directory");
@@ -150,7 +151,9 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), SPIError> {
     }
 
     println!("Finished tests - going to sleep");
-    epd4in2.sleep(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+    epd4in2
+        .sleep(&mut spi, &mut delay)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)
 }
 
 fn draw_text(display: &mut impl DrawTarget<Color = Color>, text: &str, x: i32, y: i32) {