[FLINK-37268][example] Use async state in flink-examples-streaming (#… #1638

Job	Run time
Default (Java 17) / Compile	8m 41s
Pre-compile Checks / Basic QA	7m 38s
Default (Java 17) / Test packaging/licensing	30m 55s
Default (Java 17) / E2E (group 1)	1h 25m 28s
Default (Java 17) / Test (module: core)	28m 42s
Default (Java 17) / E2E (group 2)	1h 50m 46s
Default (Java 17) / Test (module: python)	24m 55s
Default (Java 17) / Test (module: table)	32m 38s
Default (Java 17) / Test (module: connect)	19m 29s
Default (Java 17) / Test (module: tests)	32m 56s
Default (Java 17) / Test (module: misc)	23m 28s
	6h 45m 36s

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