Converting C# Basics to use .NET Fiddle

content/english/csharp-basics/_index.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 title: "C#: Basics"
 description: "An introduction to the basics of the C# programming language."
-date: 2023-09-12T00:00:00Z
+date: 2024-09-16T00:00:00Z
 prereq: "none"
 difficulty: "Beginner"
 draft: false
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ The C# programming language was designed by Anders Hejlsberg from Microsoft in 2
 A high-level programming language is called high-level because it is quite a few steps away from the original code run on a computer's Central Processing Unit (CPU). High-level code is meant to be used by humans and is much easier to understand than low-level code. The high-level code is later translated into a low-level language, which can only be perceived and run by a specific CPU. For the code to work, every single line of code written in a high-level language must be translated into machine language before being implemented by the computer.
 {{% /notice %}}
 
-C# is one of the most popular programming languages in the world, along with Java, JavaScript, Python and others. C# runs on Windows and various Linux operating systems.
+C# is one of the most popular programming languages in the world, along with Java, JavaScript, Python and others. C# can run on any computer, including on Windows, Mac, and any Linux Operating systems.
 
 <details open>
 <summary>Topics</summary>

content/english/csharp-basics/classes-and-objects.md

@@ -1,25 +1,25 @@
 ---
 title: "Classes and Objects"
 description: "Introduce classes and objects in C#."
-date: 2023-09-13T00:00:00Z
+date: 2024-09-16T00:00:00Z
 weight: 8
 ---
 
 ## What is an Object and what is a Class?
 
-An object is an thing (noun) that has certain characteristics and can perform certain tasks. A Class is the blueprint or definition for that object when it is created.
+An Object is a thing (noun) that has certain characteristics and can perform certain tasks. A Class is the blueprint or definition for that object when it is created.
 
 An example is a Person. A Person is a kind of Class. A person can have certain characteristics that distinguish it from another person. It can have blue eyes, it can be 15 years old, etc. A person can also perform certain tasks. It can walk, it can talk, etc.
 
-A C# Object is an instance of a C# Class. In this instance "Bea" is a "Person". "Bea" has brown eyes. This is a property (or data field) of "Bea". "Bea" can speak in English. "Bea" can speak in Spanish. These are methods  that "Bea" can perform.
+A C# Object is an instance of a C# Class. In this instance "Bea" is a "Person". "Bea" has brown eyes. This is a property (or data field) of "Bea". "Bea" can speak in English. "Bea" can speak in Spanish. These are methods that "Bea" can perform.
 
 ## Creating a Class!
 
 C# is an **object-oriented** programming language, which means everything in C# is associated with an **object** and a **class** (the blueprint for the object).
 
 For starters, the line of code that we used to print statements from activity 1 is actually a method call from a predefined class called `System`!
 
-```c#
+```csharp
 Console.WriteLine("Hello World");
 ```
 
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ Console.WriteLine("Hello World");
 
 Another built-in class we have interacted with in the previous exercises is `string`. The `string` class defines a set of rules on how a list of characters should behave.
 
-With following line of code, we created a `string` object called `name` using the rules defined in the `string` class:
+With the following line of code, we created a `string` object called `name` using the rules defined in the `string` class:
 
-```c#
+```csharp
 string name = "Patrick";
 ```
 
@@ -42,10 +42,6 @@ Let's learn about the different parts in a class below:
 ### Class
 A class is a blueprint or prototype of a new type of object. In general, a class contains three important parts: 
 
-* data fields/instance variables 
-* constructor 
-* methods
-
 <img src="../images/class.png" height="400" alt="A Class blueprint for an object contains instance varialbes/data fields which are data/attributes in the object, constructor which are methods that creates the obejct of the class, and methods, which are behaviors possible for the object."/> 
 
 **Element** | **Description** | **Example**
@@ -56,17 +52,34 @@ A class is a blueprint or prototype of a new type of object. In general, a class
 
 For example:
 
-```c#
-public class SampleClass{
+```csharp
+public class Person{
     // (1) data fields/instance variables
     private String name; // example
+    private int age;
+    private int height;
 
     // (2) constructor - constructors have the same name as the class
-    public SampleClass(){
-        name = "example";
+    public Person()
+    {
+        name = "Bea";
+        age = 29;
+        height = 167;
+    }
+
+    // (2) constructor - you can have more than one
+    public Person( String nameInput, int ageInput, int heightInput)
+    {
+        name = nameInput;
+        age = ageInput;
+        height = heightInput;
     }
+
     // (3) methods
-    public sampleMethod(){}
+    public void talk()
+    {
+        Console.WriteLine($"Hello from {name}");
+    }
 }
 ```
 
@@ -75,23 +88,22 @@ public class SampleClass{
 ## Try it Out 🐥!
 
 Let's make a `Bird` class to represent Patrick 🐥 and all of his Bird friends by following the steps below! 
-**Note:** For this exercise, you will be working in Bird.cs instead of Main.cs.
 
-<a class="my-2 mx-4 btn btn-info" href="https://replit.com/@nuevofoundation/JavaBasicsBird" target="_blank">Launch Replit</a>
+<iframe width="100%" height="475" src="https://dotnetfiddle.net/Widget/OH5XQO" frameborder="0"></iframe>
 
 ### First, we start by defining the class name in the format `public` `class` `name`.
 
-```c#
+```csharp
 public class Bird{}
 ```
 
 <br />
 
 ### Second, let's declare all the fields of the Bird class: species, name, hobby, age, loveMusic.
 
-Each field is declared in the format: `private` `data type` `name` `;`.
+Each field is declared in the format: `access specifier` `data type` `name` `;`.
 
-1. We declare all 5 fields as `private` in the class `Bird`. This ensures these data can only be accessed within this class.
+1. We declare all 5 fields as `private` in the class `Bird`. This ensures these fields can only be accessed within this class.
 
 2. Let's identify the appropriate type for each field:
 
@@ -107,17 +119,17 @@ For example, to declare `species` as a private field of class `Bird`, you would
 
 ### Third, let's create the constructor for the class `Bird`. 
 
-Usually, constructor is the method that initialializes value to all the fields in a class. It has the format `public` `class name` `(parameter)`. Since we have 5 fields in this class, the constructor will take in 5 parameter/inputs.
+Usually, constructor is the method that initializes value to all the fields in a class. It has the format `public` `class name` `(parameter)`. Since we have 5 fields in this class, the constructor will take in 5 parameter/inputs.
 
-```c#
+```csharp
 public Bird(string speciesInput, string nameInput, string hobbyInput, int ageInput, bool loveMusicInput){
     // constructor body
 }
 ```
 
 In the constructor body, we need to initialize all the instance variables, by assign each variables to its initial values:
 
-```c#
+```csharp
 species = speciesInput;
 name = nameInput;
 hobby = hobbyInput;
@@ -145,7 +157,7 @@ After, let's write the `ToString()` method together!
 
 We will return a String that include all fields of the `Bird`: name, age, species, hobby, loveMusic by calling the 5 methods you just implemented!
 
-```c#
+```csharp
 public string ToString(){
     // initialize variable info to have empty String
     string info = "";
@@ -191,13 +203,13 @@ To create a new object of a particular class, we call the constructor of that cl
 
 Recall that the constructor of `Bird` class is the following:
 
-```C#
+```csharp
 public Bird(string speciesInput, string nameInput, string hobbyInput, int ageInput, bool loveMusicInput);
 ```
 
 Hence, we can create a Bird with these attributes (species - duck; name - Patrick; hobby - hangout with friends; age - 15; loveMusic - true) with this line of code.
 
-```c#
+```csharp
 Bird patrick = new Bird("duck", "Patrick", "hangout with friends", 15, true);
 ```
 
@@ -207,8 +219,8 @@ Try it out yourself and create multiple Birds of different species 🐦🐤🐔
 Next, let's call the `ToString()` method on these `Bird` objects we created to print the information of our friends. You can do either of the following:
 
 1. Print the return value of `ToString()` method. (i.e. `Console.WriteLine(patrick.ToString());`)
-2. Directly print the `Bird` object, which prompt `ToString()` to be called in the background. (i.e. `Console.WriteLine(patrick);`).
+2. Directly print the `Bird` object, which prompts `ToString()` to be called in the background. (i.e. `Console.WriteLine(patrick);`).
 
 Try it out and print out all the information of the bird friends you created 🐦🐤🐔🐧!
 
-<a class="my-2 mx-4 btn btn-info" href="https://replit.com/@nuevofoundation/CSharpBasicsClasses" target="_blank">Launch Replit</a>
+<iframe width="100%" height="475" src="https://dotnetfiddle.net/Widget/fMXXuT" frameborder="0"></iframe>

content/english/csharp-basics/comments.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 title: "Comments"
 description: "Introduce comments in C#."
-date: 2023-09-12T00:00:00Z
+date: 2024-09-16T00:00:00Z
 weight: 3
 ---
 
@@ -18,6 +18,13 @@ Also, adding comments will not affect the program whatsoever. So, you can add co
       * multi-line
       * comment */
 ```
+
+## Play with Comments
+
+In the .NET Fiddle frame below, add a single line comment and a multi-line comment to your program.
+
+<iframe width="100%" height="475" src="https://dotnetfiddle.net/Widget/TTAhVm" frameborder="0"></iframe>
+
 {{% notice tip %}}
 
 You can comment you code so the computer won't run it.

content/english/csharp-basics/control-structures.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 title: "Control Structures"
 description: "Introduce if-else, for, and while loops in C#."
-date: 2022-09-12T00:00:00Z
+date: 2024-09-16T00:00:00Z
 weight: 6
 ---
 
@@ -65,15 +65,15 @@ An **if-else statement** follows the structure shown above. If the boolean expre
 The code above will print the statement `I like Music` because the boolean expression, `likeMusic == true`, is true.
 {{% /notice %}}
 
-Let's revisit the greating example above, and make decision for Patrick on whether to say "Good Morning," "Good Afternoon," "Good Night". 
+Let's revisit the greeting example above, and make decision for Patrick on whether to say "Good Morning," "Good Afternoon," "Good Night". 
 
 Patrick should say "Good Morning" between 0:00 - 11:59, "Good Afternoon" between 12:00 - 19:59, and "Good Night" between 20:00 - 23:59.
 
 1. We have a variable `currentHour` that stores the current hour. 
 2. Fill out the correct `boolean expression A` and `boolean expression B` to complete the program.
 3. Test your result by assigning the variable `currentHour` to numbers from 0 to 23:
 
-<a class="my-2 mx-4 btn btn-info" href="https://replit.com/@nuevofoundation/CSharpBasicsControlStructures" target="_blank">Launch Replit</a>
+<iframe width="100%" height="475" src="https://dotnetfiddle.net/Widget/T6AUdh" frameborder="0"></iframe>
 
 ## Repeat It Again: For-Loop, While-Loop
 
@@ -138,15 +138,15 @@ for(int number = 1; number <= 10; number = number + 1){
 
 {{% /notice %}}
 
-After learning about `for` loops and `while` loops, let's see how do we help Patrick 🐥 and calculate **1 + 2 + 3 + 4 ... + 99 + 100**  easily?
+After learning about `for` loops and `while` loops, let's see how do we help Patrick 🐥 calculate **1 + 2 + 3 + 4 ... + 99 + 100** easily?
 
-Let's try to do it in a while loop:
+Let's try to do it in a `while` loop:
 
 1. We have a variable called `total` that tracks the total addition sum we get so far.
 2. We have a variable called `num` that tracks the next number to be added to `total`.
 3. Write out the appropriate `boolean expression` and write out the while loop.
 
-By following those step we will get a while loop like this:
+By following those step we will get a `while` loop like this:
 
 ```C#
 int total = 0;
@@ -158,6 +158,6 @@ while(num <= 100){
 Console.WriteLine("Answer calculated in a while loop: " + total);
 ```
 
-Test this out below by clicking `Run` and write a for loop version that calculates the same thing! You should get the same answer!
+Test this out below by clicking `Run` and write a `for` loop version that calculates the same thing! You should get the same answer!
 
-<a class="my-2 mx-4 btn btn-info" href="https://replit.com/@nuevofoundation/CSharpBasicsLoops" target="_blank">Launch Replit</a>
+<iframe width="100%" height="475" src="https://dotnetfiddle.net/Widget/ySFwK0" frameborder="0"></iframe>

content/english/csharp-basics/methods.md

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 ---
 title: "Methods"
 description: "Introduce methods in C#."
-date: 2023-09-13T00:00:00Z
+date: 2024-09-16T00:00:00Z
 weight: 7
 ---
 
 ## What is a Method?
 
-So far, we've learned about how to store data in variables, print data and sentences, and make decisions with if-statements, for-loops, and while-loops. 
+So far, we've learned about how to store data in variables, print data and sentences, and make decisions with `if`-statements, `for`-loops, and `while`-loops. 
 
 From the last exercise, we know the following block of code calculates the sum from 1 to 100:
 
@@ -35,11 +35,15 @@ There are 2 parts in a method: signature and body:
 
 To define a method, we need to first write out its <b>method signature</b>. A signature header has four main parts:
 
+```
+access_specifier return_type method_name(list_of_parameters)
+```
+
 **Part Name** | **Description** | **Examples or possible options**
 ----|----|----
 **access specifier** | provides the level of access to the method  | `public` tells the computer that anyone can use this method. `private` tells the computer it can only be called within a class. (We'll learn about classes on the next page!) `protected` tells the computer it can be called by objects of the same class.
 **return type** | data type that is returned to the calling function, technically the return type is not a part of the signaure in C#  | `string` or `int`, use `void` if the method doesn't return anything.
-**method name** | name of the method used to call it | a descriptive name you choose based on what the method does.
+**method name** | name of the method, used to call it | a descriptive name you choose based on what the method does.
 **list of parameters** | list of inputs that must be provided when the method is used | can have zero or more parameters in the form of (`type` `input name`, `type` `input name`, ... ).  Use () for no parameters.
 
 ```
@@ -101,7 +105,7 @@ One of the reasons methods are powerful is we can call them more than once:
     Console.WrlineLine(sum); // prints 10
 ```
 
- For the curious we could have written the above to just print the return numbers without storing in a variable:
+ We could have written the above to just print the return numbers without storing them in a variable:
 ```c#
     Console.WriteLine(sumNum(1,3)); // prints 6
     Console.WriteLine(sumNum(1,4)); // prints 10
@@ -114,7 +118,7 @@ Here is an image of square-number pyramid where each level is a perfect square o
 
 <img src="../images/pyramid.png" height="250" alt="pyramid with layers of colorful beads. Bottom layer is yellow, next blue, next brown, next white, next pink, next light blue, next orange, next coral, next green, last red" /> 
 
-That is the top level has `1 * 1` bead, the 2nd level has `2 * 2` beads, and so on.
+The top level has `1 * 1` bead, the 2nd level has `2 * 2` beads, and so on.
 
 Let's write a method that takes in the number of total levels and output the total number of beads in the pyramid!
 
@@ -124,4 +128,4 @@ Once you solved the challenge, you will see the following message:
 Congratulations! Challenge Solved!
 ```
 
-<a class="my-2 mx-4 btn btn-info" href="https://replit.com/@nuevofoundation/CSharpBasicsMethods" target="_blank">Launch Replit</a>
+<iframe width="100%" height="475" src="https://dotnetfiddle.net/Widget/ireaAA" frameborder="0"></iframe>

content/english/csharp-basics/operators.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 title: "Operators"
 description: "Introduce operators and perform operations on variables in C#."
-date: 2023-09-12T00:00:00Z
+date: 2024-09-16T00:00:00Z
 weight: 5
 ---
 
@@ -37,19 +37,20 @@ The following are the arithmetic operators in C#:
 
 **Note**: If both of the operands of division are integers, the result will also be an integer. For example, `10 / 4` returns 2, not 2.5 since we throw away the remainder. If either of the operands is a double, the result will be a double.
 
-**Note**: Modulus operation get the remainder of the division operation.
+**Note**: Use the modulus operation (`%`) get the remainder of the division operation.
+
 {{% /notice %}}
 
 {{% notice tip %}}
-Add (`+`) is used on String as concatenation operator. For example:
+The add (`+`) operator is used on Strings as a concatenation operator. For example:
 
 `String name = "Patric" + "k";` is same as `String name = "Patrick";`
 {{% /notice %}}
 
 ### Instructions
 1. Use the program below to practice using the arithmetic operators. Change the numbers to see the answers.
 
-<a class="my-2 mx-4 btn btn-info" href="https://replit.com/@nuevofoundation/CSharpBasicsOperators" target="_blank">Launch Replit</a>
+<iframe width="100%" height="475" src="https://dotnetfiddle.net/Widget/dUSTOt" frameborder="0"></iframe>
 
 ## Comparisons: Relational Operator
 
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ The following are the relational operators in C#:
 `<=` | less than or equal to | `(2 <= 2)` is `true`
 
 Note: `==` and `!=` can only be used on data of the same type. For example:
-```java
+```csharp
 int x=3; 
 double y=3.0; 
 x==y; // This would produce an error because x and y are of different types.
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ x==y; // This would produce an error because x and y are of different types.
 {{% notice tip %}}
 Using 1 equal sign assigns a value to the variable. Using 2 equal signs compares the values of two elements.
 
-```java
+```csharp
 age = 3;  // sets the value of age to 3
 age == 3; // checks to see if the value of age is 3
 ```
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ age == 3; // checks to see if the value of age is 3
 
 1. Use the program below to practice using the comparison operators. Change the numbers to see the answers.
 
-<a class="my-2 mx-4 btn btn-info" href="https://replit.com/@nuevofoundation/CSharpBasicsRelationalOperators" target="_blank">Launch Replit</a>
+<iframe width="100%" height="475" src="https://dotnetfiddle.net/Widget/tZs8tb" frameborder="0"></iframe>
 
 ## Exam Statistics!
 
@@ -138,4 +139,4 @@ Let's write it with the help of operators 🎵!
 
 {{% /notice %}}
 
-<a class="my-2 mx-4 btn btn-info" href="https://replit.com/@nuevofoundation/CSharpBasicsOperatorPractice" target="_blank">Launch Replit</a>
+<iframe width="100%" height="475" src="https://dotnetfiddle.net/Widget/mM7xbj" frameborder="0"></iframe>