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fix(profiling): fix data race when accessing span for thread [backpor…
…t 2.16] (#11210) Backport 64b3374 from #11167 to 2.16. The ThreadSpanLinks singleton holds the active span (if one exists) for a given thread ID. The `get_active_span_from_thread_id` member function returns a pointer to the active span for a thread. The `link_span` member function sets the active span for a thread. `get_active_span_from_thread_id` accesses the map of spans under a mutex, but returns the pointer after releasing the mutex, meaning `link_span` can modify the members of the Span while the caller of `get_active_span_from_thread_id` is reading them. Fix this by returning a copy of the `Span`. Use a `std::optional` to wrap the return value of `get_active_span_from_thread_id`, rather than returning a pointer. We want to tell whether or not there actually was a span associated with the thread, but returning a pointer would require us to heap allocate the copy of the Span. I added a simplistic regression test which fails reliably without this fix when built with the thread sanitizer enabled. Output like: ``` WARNING: ThreadSanitizer: data race (pid=2971510) Read of size 8 at 0x7b2000004080 by thread T2: #0 memcpy ../../../../src/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors.inc:823 (libtsan.so.0+0x42313) #1 memcpy ../../../../src/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors.inc:815 (libtsan.so.0+0x42313) #2 std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_assign(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&) <null> (libstdc++.so.6+0x1432b4) #3 std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > std::__invoke_impl<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > (*)()>(std::__invoke_other, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > (*&&)()) <null> (thread_span_links+0xe46e) #4 std::__invoke_result<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > (*)()>::type std::__invoke<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > (*)()>(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > (*&&)()) <null> (thread_span_links+0xe2fe) #5 std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > (*)()> >::_M_invoke<0ul>(std::_Index_tuple<0ul>) <null> (thread_span_links+0xe1cf) #6 std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > (*)()> >::operator()() <null> (thread_span_links+0xe0f6) #7 std::thread::_State_impl<std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > (*)()> > >::_M_run() <null> (thread_span_links+0xdf40) #8 <null> <null> (libstdc++.so.6+0xd6df3) Previous write of size 8 at 0x7b2000004080 by thread T1 (mutexes: write M47): #0 memcpy ../../../../src/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors.inc:823 (libtsan.so.0+0x42313) #1 memcpy ../../../../src/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors.inc:815 (libtsan.so.0+0x42313) #2 std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_assign(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocato r<char> > const&) <null> (libstdc++.so.6+0x1432b4) #3 get() <null> (thread_span_links+0xb570) #4 void std::__invoke_impl<void, void (*)()>(std::__invoke_other, void (*&&)()) <null> (thread_span_links+0xe525) #5 std::__invoke_result<void (*)()>::type std::__invoke<void (*)()>(void (*&&)()) <null> (thread_span_links+0xe3b5) #6 void std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<void (*)()> >::_M_invoke<0ul>(std::_Index_tuple<0ul>) <null> (thread_span_links+0xe242) #7 std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<void (*)()> >::operator()() <null> (thread_span_links+0xe158) [ ... etc ... ] ``` ## Checklist - [x] PR author has checked that all the criteria below are met - The PR description includes an overview of the change - The PR description articulates the motivation for the change - The change includes tests OR the PR description describes a testing strategy - The PR description notes risks associated with the change, if any - Newly-added code is easy to change - The change follows the [library release note guidelines](https://ddtrace.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releasenotes.html) - The change includes or references documentation updates if necessary - Backport labels are set (if [applicable](https://ddtrace.readthedocs.io/en/latest/contributing.html#backporting)) ## Reviewer Checklist - [x] Reviewer has checked that all the criteria below are met - Title is accurate - All changes are related to the pull request's stated goal - Avoids breaking [API](https://ddtrace.readthedocs.io/en/stable/versioning.html#interfaces) changes - Testing strategy adequately addresses listed risks - Newly-added code is easy to change - Release note makes sense to a user of the library - If necessary, author has acknowledged and discussed the performance implications of this PR as reported in the benchmarks PR comment - Backport labels are set in a manner that is consistent with the [release branch maintenance policy](https://ddtrace.readthedocs.io/en/latest/contributing.html#backporting) Co-authored-by: Nick Ripley <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Taegyun Kim <[email protected]>
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