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Redis源码剖析(一)
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Built with Hugo and theme <a
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<description>Recent content in Categories on 悉达多</description>
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Tokiwa-iro is the theme color of this site.
成功只有一个:按照自己的方式，去度过人生
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区块链白皮书解读
联邦学习论文阅读
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成功只有一个:按照自己的方式，去度过人生
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区块链白皮书解读
联邦学习论文阅读
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<span class="heading pr-6 leading-loose">Related</span>
<span >

<a href="/post/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E8%AE%BA%E6%96%87%E9%98%85%E8%AF%BB/">区块链白皮书解读</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&#47;&nbsp;
<a href="/post/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E8%AE%BA%E6%96%87%E9%98%85%E8%AF%BB/">联邦学习论文阅读</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&#47;&nbsp;

<a href="/post/raft%E8%AE%BA%E6%96%87%E9%98%85%E8%AF%BB/">Raft论文阅读</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&#47;&nbsp;

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<div class="inline toc-content">
<nav id="TableOfContents">
<ul>
<li><a href="#问题背景">问题背景</a></li>
<li><a href="#dag概述">DAG概述</a>
<li><a href="#direct-acyclic-graph-based-ledger-for-internet-of-things-performance-and-security-analysis">《Direct Acyclic Graph-Based Ledger for Internet of Things: Performance and Security Analysis》</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#名词定义">名词定义</a></li>
<li><a href="#共识过程">共识过程</a></li>
<li><a href="#分叉问题">分叉问题</a></li>
<li><a href="#问题背景">问题背景</a></li>
<li><a href="#dag概述">DAG概述</a></li>
<li><a href="#heading"></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#heading"></a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="#问题背景-1">问题背景</a>
<li><a href="#tips-transaction-inclusion-protocol-with-signaling-in-dag-based-blockchain">《TIPS: Transaction Inclusion Protocol with Signaling in DAG-based Blockchain》</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#问题分析">问题分析</a></li>
<li><a href="#问题背景-1">问题背景</a></li>
<li><a href="#算法设计">算法设计</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#算法设计">算法设计</a></li>
<li><a href="#silentdelivery-practical-timed-delivery-of-private-information-using-smart-contracts">《SilentDelivery: Practical Timed-delivery of Private Information using Smart Contracts》</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
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<article>
<section class="mx-auto content">
<div class="c-rich-text"><h1 id="direct-acyclic-graph-based-ledger-for-internet-of-things-performance-and-security-analysis">《Direct Acyclic Graph-Based Ledger for Internet of Things: Performance and Security Analysis》</h1>
<h2 id="问题背景">问题背景</h2>
<div class="c-rich-text"><h2 id="direct-acyclic-graph-based-ledger-for-internet-of-things-performance-and-security-analysis">《Direct Acyclic Graph-Based Ledger for Internet of Things: Performance and Security Analysis》</h2>
<h3 id="问题背景">问题背景</h3>
<p>由于区块链的安全性，去中心化，可信性，在IoT系统上有可观的应用前景（如智能车，能源交易）。IoT系统具有规模大，资源受限的特性。所以其上的共识算法必须满足资源需求小,低消耗，和高的交易吞吐量。</p>
<p>现在主要的两种共识算法:PoW需要高的资源消耗，PoS的币龄证明可能造成垄断和中心化。</p>
<p>典型的区块链是一种单链结构，为了避免非法的fork，应用的共识算法必须降低新的block生成速率。这导致了吞吐量瓶颈和区块认证延迟的问题，在IoT系统上又有交易花费高和资源消耗大的问题。</p>
<p>DAG共识算法可以允许任何节点可以立即向ledger插入一个新的block，前提是它能先处理更早的交易。这种方式会造成很多fork，DAG有很多算法来避免在传统区块链上面临的double-spending问题(Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm and virtual voting algorithm)。DAG共识算法的交易吞吐是不受限制的，而且资源消耗很低，这符合IoT的应用场景。</p>
<h2 id="dag概述">DAG概述</h2>
<h3 id="名词定义">名词定义</h3>
<h3 id="dag概述">DAG概述</h3>
<h4 id="名词定义">名词定义</h4>
<p><img src="https://s2.loli.net/2022/11/19/auRt2FzeCjwgsGM.png" alt=""></p>
<p>这里使用典型的Tangle算法来进行解释。</p>
<ul>
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<p>Cumulative weight: 代表一个交易的认证级别。是一个交易自身own weight以及它直接证明和间接证明的交易的交易own weight总和。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="共识过程">共识过程</h3>
<h4 id="共识过程">共识过程</h4>
<ol>
<li>节点创造一个块来储存交易</li>
<li>节点通过MCMC tips 选择算法来选择两个没有冲突的tips，然后添加它们的hash到块中</li>
<li>节点解决一个低难度的pow问题，来避免垃圾信息</li>
<li>使用私钥给交易签名并广播，当其他节点收到时会检查是否合法</li>
<li>成功添加的交易成为tip,等待被验证。直到它的cumulative weight 达到定义的标准。</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="分叉问题">分叉问题</h3>
<h4 id="分叉问题">分叉问题</h4>
<p><img src="https://s2.loli.net/2022/11/19/VnrEiPCoslHG9KY.png" alt=""></p>
<p>在分布式账本中，构建分叉以重做工作是篡改存储数据的唯一方法。基于此，double-spending的主要思想是将两笔相互冲突的交易并行放置在两条链上。在第一笔交易花费在服务上之后，攻击者扩展包含冲突交易的链并让它超过第一条链。当此操作成功时，第一笔交易将被孤立，攻击者可以多次使用token。</p>
<ul>
<li>单链模型: 以最长的一个链为标准，正常的矿工会在最长的链上工作</li>
<li>DAG模型: 以累计权重最大的子图为标准，正常的节点会通过MCMC tips 选择算法扩展权重最大的链。</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="heading"></h2>
<h1 id="tips-transaction-inclusion-protocol-with-signaling-in-dag-based-blockchain">《TIPS: Transaction Inclusion Protocol with Signaling in DAG-based Blockchain》</h1>
<h2 id="问题背景-1">问题背景</h2>
<h3 id="heading"></h3>
<h2 id="tips-transaction-inclusion-protocol-with-signaling-in-dag-based-blockchain">《TIPS: Transaction Inclusion Protocol with Signaling in DAG-based Blockchain》</h2>
<h3 id="问题背景-1">问题背景</h3>
<p>由于DAG区块链的高并发场景和网络延迟，矿工通常不能及时获取整个网络的更新信息，导致重复在一个并行区块包括相同的交易，在区块链中生成冗余的记录。这个交易包含冲突会浪费区块容量和降低系统性能。尽管DAG区块链已经限制交易的高并发，但是交易冲突的风险实际还会诱发<strong>矿工收益</strong>和<strong>系统吞吐</strong>的困境。</p>
<h3 id="问题分析">问题分析</h3>
<h4 id="问题分析">问题分析</h4>
<p><img src="http://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/008upJWily1h804wzs4nsj30rk0jtgqa.jpg" alt="符号.png"></p>
<p>三种交易包含策略:</p>
<ol>
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<li>Top n ($P^{top}$): $p_{1}=p_{2}=\cdots=p_{n}=1 \text { and } p_{n+1}=p_{n+2}=\cdots=p_{m}=0$</li>
</ol>
<p>这里仅考虑矿工收益中的交易费用奖励。</p>
<h4 id="收入困境">收入困境</h4>
<h2 id="算法设计">算法设计</h2>
<p>《SilentDelivery: Practical Timed-delivery of Private Information using Smart Contracts》</p>
<h5 id="收入困境">收入困境</h5>
<h3 id="算法设计">算法设计</h3>
<h2 id="silentdelivery-practical-timed-delivery-of-private-information-using-smart-contracts">《SilentDelivery: Practical Timed-delivery of Private Information using Smart Contracts》</h2>
</div>
</section>

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<a href="/post/dag%E5%8C%BA%E5%9D%97%E9%93%BE%E7%BB%BC%E8%BF%B0/">DAG区块链综述</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&#47;&nbsp;

<a href="/post/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E8%AE%BA%E6%96%87%E9%98%85%E8%AF%BB/">区块链白皮书解读</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&#47;&nbsp;
<a href="/post/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E8%AE%BA%E6%96%87%E9%98%85%E8%AF%BB/">联邦学习论文阅读</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&#47;&nbsp;

<a href="/post/raft%E8%AE%BA%E6%96%87%E9%98%85%E8%AF%BB/">Raft论文阅读</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&#47;&nbsp;

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<span class="font-serif pr-4 flex-shrink-0">11-06</span>
<div class="font-serif font-medium">
<a href="https://chi-kai.github.io/post/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E8%AE%BA%E6%96%87%E9%98%85%E8%AF%BB/">
区块链白皮书解读
联邦学习论文阅读
</a>

<div class="pl-4 text-gray-600 font-light">持续更新</div>
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Built with Hugo and theme <a
href="https://github.com/heyeshuang/hugo-theme-tokiwa">Tokiwa</a>.
<br />
20 pages, 17841 words in total.
19 pages, 18926 words in total.
</div>
</div>
</div>
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