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ida-x86.cpp
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//
// Copyright (c) 2002 David Eriksson <[email protected]>
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
// to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
// the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
// and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
// Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
// FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//
// $Id: ida-x86.cpp,v 1.4 2007/01/30 09:48:51 wjhengeveld Exp $
#include "idainternal.hpp"
#include "ida-x86.hpp"
#include "analysis.hpp"
Expression_ptr RegTimesValue(unsigned short reg, unsigned long value)/*{{{*/
{
switch (value)
{
case 0: return NumericLiteral::Create(0);
case 1: return Register::Create(reg);
default:
return Expression_ptr(new BinaryExpression(
Register::Create(reg),
"*",
NumericLiteral::Create(value)
));
}
}/*}}}*/
Expression_ptr RegPlusReg(unsigned short reg1, unsigned short reg2)/*{{{*/
{
return Expression_ptr(new BinaryExpression(
Register::Create(reg1),
"+",
Register::Create(reg2)
));
}/*}}}*/
Expression_ptr RegPlusRegTimesValue(unsigned short reg1, unsigned short reg2, unsigned long value)/*{{{*/
{
if (0 == value)
return Register::Create(reg1);
else
return Expression_ptr(new BinaryExpression(
Register::Create(reg1),
"+",
RegTimesValue(reg2, value)
));
}/*}}}*/
Expression_ptr GetSibExpression(insn_t &insn, int operand)/*{{{*/
{
Expression_ptr result;
unsigned char sib = insn.ops[operand].sib & 0xff;
#if 0
switch (sib & 0xff)
{
case 0x02:
result = RegPlusReg(REG_DX, REG_AX);
break;
case 0x0a:
result = RegPlusReg(REG_DX, REG_CX);
break;
case 0x0f:
result = RegPlusReg(REG_DI, REG_CX);
break;
case 0x10:
result = RegPlusReg(REG_AX, REG_DX);
break;
case 0x16:
result = RegPlusReg(REG_SI, REG_DX);
break;
case 0x19:
result = RegPlusReg(REG_CX, REG_BX);
break;
case 0x2b:
result = RegPlusReg(REG_BX, REG_BP);
break;
case 0x31:
result = RegPlusReg(REG_CX, REG_SI);
break;
case 0x32:
result = RegPlusReg(REG_DX, REG_SI);
break;
case 0x33:
result = RegPlusReg(REG_BX, REG_SI);
break;
case 0x41: // [ecx+eax*2]
result = RegPlusRegTimesValue(REG_CX, REG_AX, 2);
break;
case 0x50: // [eax+edx*2]
result = RegPlusRegTimesValue(REG_AX, REG_DX, 2);
break;
case 0x51: // [ecx+edx*2]
result = RegPlusRegTimesValue(REG_CX, REG_DX, 2);
break;
case 0x71: // [ecx+esi*2]
result = RegPlusRegTimesValue(REG_CX, REG_SI, 2);
break;
case 0x85: // [eax*4]
result = RegTimesValue(REG_AX, 4);
break;
case 0xb6: // [esi+esi*4] -> esi*5
result = RegTimesValue(REG_SI, 5);
break;
default:
msg("%p Unknown SIB: %p\n", insn.ea, op.sib);
result.reset( new Dummy() );
break;
}
#endif
unsigned short scale = 1 << (sib >> 6);
unsigned short index_reg = (sib >> 3) & 0x07;
unsigned short base_reg = sib & 0x07;
if (base_reg == 5)
{
result = RegTimesValue(index_reg, scale);
msg("%p SIB: base=%i, %s*%i\n", insn.ea,
base_reg, Register::Name(index_reg).c_str(), scale);
}
else
{
result = RegPlusRegTimesValue(base_reg, index_reg, scale);
}
return result;
}/*}}}*/
/*{{{ Expression_ptr FromOperand */
static Expression_ptr FromOperand(insn_t &insn, int operand/*,
TypeInformation* type = NULL*/)
{
Expression_ptr result;
flags_t flags = ::get_full_flags(insn.ea);
op_t op = insn.ops[operand];
if (::is_stkvar(flags, operand))
{
result = CreateStackVariable(insn, operand);
if (NN_lea == insn.itype)
{
result.reset(new UnaryExpression("&", result));
}
}
else if (::is_enum(flags, operand))
{
msg("%p TODO: handle enum!!\n", insn.ea);
}
else if (::is_stroff(flags, operand) && op.type == o_displ)
{
tid_t path[10];
adiff_t adiff;
msg("path_len = %d, offb=%d\n", get_stroff_path(path, &adiff, insn.ea, operand), op.addr);
tid_t memberId = get_member(get_struc(path[0]), op.addr)->id;
msg("%p TODO: handle struct offset!! '%s'\n", insn.ea, get_member_name(memberId).c_str());
}
if (!result.get())
{
refinfo_t refinfo;
#if 0
if (op.hasSIB)
{
msg("%p Operand %i of type %i has SIB=%p\n",
insn.ea, operand, op.type, op.sib);
}
#endif
switch (op.type)
{
case o_reg: result.reset(new Register(op.reg));
break;
case o_imm:
if (::get_refinfo(&refinfo, insn.ea, operand))
{
ea_t address = refinfo.base + op.value;
flags_t flags = ::get_full_flags(address);
if (is_strlit(flags))
{
result = StringLiteral::CreateFrom(address);
break;
}
else if (is_off(get_full_flags(insn.ea), operand))
{
qstring buf;
if (get_ea_name(&buf, address))
{
result.reset(new GlobalVariable(buf.c_str()));
break;
}
}
else
{
// XXX: maybe use & operator for result?
result = CreateGlobalVariable(insn, operand);
if (result.get())
break;
}
}
result.reset(new NumericLiteral(op.value));
break;
case o_near: msg("get here near. :-) %a op.addr = %a", insn.ea, op.addr);
if (!(insn.auxpref & aux_ad_is_32))
{
// Copy current segment value for 16-bit adresses
op.addr |= insn.ea & 0xffff0000;
msg("and here %a", op.addr);
}
// fall though
//op.addr = 0x27a76; //FIXME get proper address here. ERIC
case o_mem:
case o_far:
{
xrefblk_t xr;
for (bool ok = xr.first_from(insn.ea, XREF_ALL); ok; ok = xr.next_from())
{
msg("xref =%a", xr.to);
if ((op.type == o_mem && !xr.iscode) ||
(op.type != o_mem && xr.iscode && xr.type == fl_JN || xr.type == fl_JF))
{
op.addr = xr.to; //FIXME for multiple op codes
break;
}
}
insn_t insxx = insn;
insxx.ops[operand].addr = op.addr;
result = CreateVariable(insxx, operand);
}
if (result.get())
{
if (NN_lea == insn.itype || NN_les == insn.itype)
{
result.reset(
new UnaryExpression(
"&",
result));
}
}
if (op.hasSIB)
{
if (!result.get())
{
result.reset(new NumericLiteral(op.addr));
}
result.reset(
new BinaryExpression(
result,
"+",
GetSibExpression(insn, operand)
));
break;
}
if (!result.get())
{
if (0x14 == op.segrg && 0 == op.addr)
{
// Operand is "large fs:0"
msg("%p This instruction uses the FS segment register and should probably be handled special\n",
insn.ea);
}
else
{
msg("%p [FromOperand] UNEXPECTED MEMORY ADDRESS", insn.ea);
msg(", phrase=%i, addr=%08x, value=%i, specval=%x\n",
op.phrase, op.addr, op.value, op.specval);
}
result.reset(new Dummy());
}
break;
case o_phrase:
if (op.segrg == 29)
msg("\ninsn.ez = %a op.segrg = %d\n", insn.ea, op.segrg);
//FIXME only do this in 16bit mode!!
// if (!(insn.auxpref & aux_ad_is_32)) //if 16 bit
// {
switch (op.phrase)
{
case 0 : result = RegPlusReg(REG_BX, REG_SI);
break;
case 1 : result = RegPlusReg(REG_BX, REG_DI);
break;
case 2 : result = RegPlusReg(REG_BP, REG_SI);
break;
case 3 : result = RegPlusReg(REG_BP, REG_DI);
break;
case 4 : result = Expression_ptr(new Register(REG_SI));
break;
case 5 : result = Expression_ptr(new Register(REG_DI));
break;
case 6 : result = Expression_ptr(new Register(REG_BP));
break;
case 7 : result = Expression_ptr(new Register(REG_BX));
break;
default : assert(op.phrase <= 7);
break;
}
if (NN_lea != insn.itype)
{
result.reset(new UnaryExpression("*", result));
}
break;
//}
// fall through
case o_displ:
if (op.hasSIB)
{
result = GetSibExpression(insn, operand);
}
else
{
unsigned short reg = (unsigned short) -1;
switch (op.phrase)
{
case 0: reg = REG_AX;
break;
case 1: reg = REG_CX;
break;
case 2: reg = REG_DX;
break;
case 3: reg = REG_BX;
break;
case 5: reg = REG_DI;
break; //ERIC REG_BP; break; // probably!
case 6: reg = REG_SI;
break;
case 7: reg = REG_BX;
break;
default:
msg("%p Warning! CHECK OUT OPERAND %i of type %i (o_displ). op.phrase=%i\n",
insn.ea, operand, op.type, op.phrase);
break;
}
result.reset(new Register(reg));
}
msg("\noperand = %d, op.value_shorts.low = %a, op.value_shorts.high = %a, op.addr = %a, insn.ea = %a, op.type = %d op.hasSIB = %d, op.phrase = %d, op.flags = %x op.dtyp = %d\n",
operand, op.value_shorts.low, op.value_shorts.high, op.addr, insn.ea, op.type, op.hasSIB, op.phrase,
op.flags, op.dtype);
if (1)//0 != op.addr)
{
qstring buf;
bool gotname = false;
xrefblk_t xr;
for (bool ok = xr.first_from(insn.ea, XREF_DATA); ok; ok = xr.next_from())
{
msg("\ndata xref =%a\n", xr.to);
if (!xr.iscode)
{
if (get_ea_name(&buf, xr.to))
gotname = true;
break;
}
}
if (gotname)
{
if (::is_stroff(flags, operand) && op.type == o_displ)
{
tid_t path[10];
adiff_t adiff;
msg("path_len = %d, offb=%d\n", get_stroff_path(path, &adiff, insn.ea, operand), op.addr);
tid_t memberId = get_member(get_struc(path[0]), op.addr)->id;
msg("%p struct offset!! '%s'\n", insn.ea, get_member_name(memberId).c_str());
result.reset(new StructOffset(result, get_member_name(memberId).c_str()));
// result.reset(new BinaryExpression(
// result,
// "+",
// Expression_ptr(new StructOffset(get_member_name(memberId).c_str()))) //new GlobalVariable(get_member_name(memberId).c_str())))
// );
}
else
{
result.reset(new BinaryExpression(
result,
"+",
Expression_ptr(new GlobalVariable(buf.c_str())))
);
}
}
else
{
result.reset(new BinaryExpression(
result,
"+",
Expression_ptr(new NumericLiteral(op.addr)))
);
}
}
if (NN_lea != insn.itype)
{
result.reset(new UnaryExpression("*", result));
}
break;
default: msg("Warning: %p Unknown operand type %i\n", insn.ea, op.type);
result.reset(new Dummy());
break;
}
}
#if 0
if (result.get() && NULL != type)
{
result->DataType() = *type;
}
#endif
if (!result)
msg("ERROR: FromOperand -> NULL\n");
return result;
}/*}}}*/
/**
* Create an Assignment instruction from instruction and operation.
* If the last parameter is present, use it as second operand.
*/
Instruction_ptr AssignFromBinaryExpression(insn_t &insn, const char *operation,/*{{{*/
Expression *secondOperand = NULL)
{
Expression_ptr second;
if (secondOperand)
second.reset(secondOperand);
else
second = FromOperand(insn, 1);
return Instruction_ptr(
new Assignment(
insn.ea,
FromOperand(insn, 0),
Expression_ptr(new BinaryExpression(
FromOperand(insn, 0),
operation,
second)
)
)
);
}/*}}}*/
Expression_ptr CreateCondition(insn_t &condition, const char *operation)/*{{{*/
{
return Expression_ptr(new BinaryExpression(
FromOperand(condition, 0),
operation,
FromOperand(condition, 1)
));
}/*}}}*/
Instruction_ptr CreateConditionalJump(insn_t &condition, insn_t &destination,/*{{{*/
const char *operation)
{
return Instruction_ptr(
new ConditionalJump(
destination.ea,
CreateCondition(condition, operation),
FromOperand(destination, 0)
)
);
}/*}}}*/
#define DUMP_FLAG(flag) if (insn.auxpref & (flag)) msg(", " # flag );
void IdaX86::DumpInsn(insn_t &insn)/*{{{*/
{
msg("ea=%p, itype=%i", insn.ea, insn.itype);
DUMP_FLAG(aux_lock)
DUMP_FLAG(aux_rep)
DUMP_FLAG(aux_repne)
DUMP_FLAG(aux_use32)
DUMP_FLAG(aux_large)
DUMP_FLAG(aux_short)
DUMP_FLAG(aux_prefix)
DUMP_FLAG(aux_op32)
DUMP_FLAG(aux_ad32)
DUMP_FLAG(aux_basess)
DUMP_FLAG(aux_op_is_32)
DUMP_FLAG(aux_ad_is_32)
DUMP_FLAG(aux_fpemu)
if (insn.segpref)
msg(", segpref=%p", insn.segpref);
msg("\n");
for (int i = 0; i < UA_MAXOP; i++)
{
op_t &op = insn.ops[i];
if (op.type == o_void)
break;
msg(" Operands[%i]={type=%s, dtyp=%i, reg/phrase=%s/%i, value=%i, addr=%08x",
i, GetOptypeString(op), op.dtype,
RegisterName(op.reg).c_str(),
op.reg, op.value, op.addr);
if (op.specval)
msg(", specval=%p", op.specval);
if (op.hasSIB)
msg(", sib=%p", op.sib);
if (op.specflag3)
msg(", specflag3=%p", op.specflag3);
if (op.specflag4)
msg(", specflag4=%p", op.specflag4);
msg("}\n");
}
}/*}}}*/
bool OperandIsRegister(insn_t &insn, int operand, int reg)/*{{{*/
{
return
o_reg == insn.ops[operand].type &&
reg == insn.ops[operand].reg;
}/*}}}*/
bool OperandIsImmediate(insn_t &insn, int operand, unsigned value)/*{{{*/
{
return
o_imm == insn.ops[operand].type &&
value == insn.ops[operand].value;
}/*}}}*/
bool Equals(op_t &a, op_t &b)/*{{{*/
{
if (a.type != b.type || a.dtype != b.dtype)
return false;
switch (a.type)
{
case o_reg: return a.reg == b.reg;
case o_mem:
case o_far:
case o_near: return a.addr == b.addr;
case o_phrase:
return a.reg == b.reg &&
a.phrase == b.phrase;
case o_displ:
return a.reg == b.reg &&
a.phrase == b.phrase &&
a.addr == b.addr &&
a.flags == b.flags;
case o_imm: return a.value == b.value;
default: msg("Unknown operand type\n");
break;
}
return false;
}/*}}}*/
class X86Analysis : public Analysis/*{{{*/
{
public:
X86Analysis()
{
}
void AnalyzeFunction(func_t *function, Instruction_list &instructions)/*{{{*/
{
SetReturnType(function);
Instructions(&instructions);
MakeLowLevelList(function);
memset(&mFlagUpdate, 0, sizeof(mFlagUpdate));
mFlagUpdateItem = Instructions().end();
AnalyzeInstructionList();
Instructions(NULL);
}/*}}}*/
protected:
enum
{
SAVE_INSN,
SAVE_INSN_AND_ITERATOR,
} FlagSave;
void SetReturnType(func_t *pFunc)
{
tinfo_t type;
if (!get_tinfo(&type, pFunc->start_ea))
{
message("No type information for function at %p!\n",
pFunc->start_ea);
functionReturnType = INT16;
return;
}
functionReturnType = get_data_type_from_tinfo(type.get_rettype());
}
// this creates a list of LowLevel(insn_t)
// and Label(address, labelname) objects.
void MakeLowLevelList(func_t *function)/*{{{*/
{
Instructions().clear();
if (get_func_bits(function) == 32)
setbits(IS_32_BIT);
else
setbits(IS_16_BIT);
for (ea_t address = function->start_ea;
address < function->end_ea;
address = get_item_end(address))
{
flags_t flags = get_full_flags(address);
if (has_xref(flags) /*|| has_any_name(flags)*/)
{
int index;
std::string name = GetLocalCodeLabel(address, &index);
if (name.empty() || index)
{
msg("%p Warning: referenced offset without name\n", address);
}
else
{
if (address == function->start_ea)
{
qstring func_name;
tinfo_t type;
if (!get_tinfo(&type, address))
{
message("No type information for function at %p!\n",
address);
}
else
{
type.print(&func_name, name.c_str());
name = func_name.c_str();
}
}
//msg("%p Name=%s\n", address, name.c_str());
Instruction_ptr label(new Label(address, name.c_str()));
Instructions().push_back(label);
}
}
if (!is_code(flags))
{
if (is_unknown(flags))
{
msg("Warning, converting non-code bytes in function at offset %p\n",
address);
create_insn(address); //ERIC ua_code(address);
flags = get_full_flags(address);
if (!is_code(flags))
{
msg("Error, could not convert non-code bytes in function at offset %p\n",
address);
break;
}
}
else
{
msg("Warning, skipping byte with flags %p at offset %p\n",
flags,
address);
// address++;
continue;
}
}
if (search_comment(address, "D:Ignore") == false)
{
Instructions().push_back(Instruction_ptr(
new LowLevel(GetLowLevelInstruction(address))
));
}
}
}/*}}}*/
void DumpInsn(insn_t &insn)
{
static_cast<IdaPro &>(Frontend::Get()).DumpInsn(insn);
}
/**
* Handle a LowLevel instruction
*/
virtual void OnLowLevel(Instruction *lowLevel)/*{{{*/
{
insn_t insn = static_cast<LowLevel *>(lowLevel)->Insn();
//msg("%p OnLowLevel\n", insn.ea);
#if 0
for (int i = 0; i < UA_MAXOP; i++)
{
op_t& op = insn.ops[i];
if (op.type == o_void)
break;
if (op.specval)
{
DumpInsn(insn);
break;
}
}
#endif
switch_info_t si;
if (get_switch_info(&si, insn.ea) >= 0)
{
msg("switch handler get here\n");
if (OnSwitchInfo(insn, si))
return;
}
switch (insn.itype)
{
case NN_and: OnAnd(insn);
break;
case NN_not: mFlagUpdate = insn;
mFlagUpdateItem = Replace(
new Assignment(
insn.ea,
FromOperand(insn, 0),
Expression_ptr(new UnaryExpression(
"~",
FromOperand(insn, 0)))));
break;
case NN_or:
if (TryAbsMacro(insn))
break;
mFlagUpdate = insn;
//DumpInsn(insn);
if ((insn.ops[0].type == o_mem ||
insn.ops[0].type == o_displ) &&
insn.ops[1].type == o_imm &&
(int) insn.ops[1].value == -1)
{
//
// or memory, -1
//
mFlagUpdateItem = Replace(
new Assignment(
insn.ea,
FromOperand(insn, 0),
Expression_ptr(new NumericLiteral(BADADDR))
)
);
//msg("%p 'or' is really assignment of -1 to memory?\n", insn.ea);
}
else
{
/*
if(insn.ops[0].type == o_reg &&
insn.ops[1].type == o_reg &&
insn.ops[0].reg == insn.ops[1].reg)
{
// eg.
// or ax, ax
EraseInstructions(1);
mFlagUpdate = insn;
mFlagUpdateItem = Instructions().end();
}
else
*/
mFlagUpdateItem = Replace(AssignFromBinaryExpression(insn, "|"));
}
break;
case NN_xor: OnXor(insn);
break;
case NN_cbw: OnCbw(insn);
break;
case NN_cdq: OnCdq(insn);
break;
case NN_cld: OnCld(insn);
break;
case NN_cwd: OnCwd(insn);
break;
case NN_div: OnDiv(insn, UNSIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_idiv: OnDiv(insn, SIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_mul: OnMul(insn, UNSIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_imul: OnMul(insn, SIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_call:
case NN_callni:
case NN_callfi: OnCall(insn);
break;
case NN_cmp: EraseInstructions(1);
mFlagUpdate = insn;
mFlagUpdateItem = Instructions().end();
break;
case NN_test: OnTest(insn);
break;
case NN_enter:
case NN_leave: EraseInstructions(1);
break;
case NN_add: mFlagUpdate = insn;
mFlagUpdateItem = Replace(
AssignFromBinaryExpression(insn, "+")
);
break;
case NN_sub: mFlagUpdate = insn;
mFlagUpdateItem = Replace(
AssignFromBinaryExpression(insn, "-")
);
break;
case NN_inc: mFlagUpdate = insn;
mFlagUpdateItem = Replace(
AssignFromBinaryExpression(insn, "+", new NumericLiteral(1))
);
break;
case NN_dec: mFlagUpdate = insn;
mFlagUpdateItem = Replace(
AssignFromBinaryExpression(insn, "-", new NumericLiteral(1))
);
break;
case NN_ja: // above -> unsigned
OnConditionalJump(insn, ">", UNSIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_jg: // greater -> signed
OnConditionalJump(insn, ">", SIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_jb: // below -> unsigned
OnConditionalJump(insn, "<", UNSIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_jbe: // below -> unsigned
OnConditionalJump(insn, "<=", UNSIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_jnb: OnConditionalJump(insn, ">=", UNSIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_jge: OnConditionalJump(insn, ">=", SIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_jl: OnConditionalJump(insn, "<", SIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_jle: OnConditionalJump(insn, "<=", SIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_jz: OnConditionalJump(insn, "==");
break;
case NN_jnz: OnConditionalJump(insn, "!=");
break;
case NN_js: // < 0
OnConditionalJump(insn, "<", SIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_jns: // >= 0
OnConditionalJump(insn, ">=", SIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_jmp:
case NN_jmpni:
Replace(
new Jump(insn.ea, FromOperand(insn, 0))
);
break;
case NN_mov:
if (TryBorlandClass(insn))
break;
if (TryMemcpy(insn))
break;
if (TryMemcpy4(insn, false))
break;
// fall through
case NN_les: msg("les at %a\n", insn.ea);
case NN_lea: //ERIC
// msg("mov/movzx/lea: ");
// DumpInsn(insn);
OnMov(insn);
break;
case NN_movsx: OnMov(insn, SIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_movzx: OnMov(insn, UNSIGNED_INT);
break;
case NN_neg: OnNeg(insn);
break;
case NN_nop: Erase(Iterator());
break;
case NN_pop:
Replace(
new Pop(insn.ea, FromOperand(insn, 0)));
break;
case NN_push: OnLowLevelPush(insn);
break;
case NN_retn:
case NN_retf:
if (search_comment(insn.ea, "D:NoReturnValue") == true || functionReturnType == VOID)
Replace(
new Return(insn.ea, Expression_ptr(new Dummy()))
);
else
Replace(
new Return(insn.ea, Register::Create(REG_AX)) //Expression_ptr(new Dummy()))//ERIC
);
break;
case NN_setz: OnSet(insn, "==");
break;
case NN_setnz: OnSet(insn, "!=");
break;
case NN_setnb: OnSet(insn, ">=");
break;
case NN_shl: Replace(AssignFromBinaryExpression(insn, "<<"));
break;
case NN_sar: // signed
case NN_shr: // unsigned
Replace(AssignFromBinaryExpression(insn, ">>"));
break;
case NN_xchg:
#if 0
if (TryXchgMov(insn))
break;
// fall through