diff --git a/tests/apis/namespace/inner/.gitignore b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..15210576129
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Xmake cache
+.xmake/
+build/
+
+# MacOS Cache
+.DS_Store
+
+
diff --git a/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/bar.cpp b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/bar.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2c00cc6b62f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/bar.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include "bar.h"
+
+int sub(int a, int b) {
+    return a - b;
+}
diff --git a/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/bar.h b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/bar.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..47d8a7251e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/bar.h
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+int sub(int a, int b);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/foo.cpp b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/foo.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1a1fb3425c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/foo.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include "foo.h"
+
+int add(int a, int b) {
+    return a + b;
+}
diff --git a/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/foo.h b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/foo.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d2506bca987
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/foo.h
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+int add(int a, int b);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/main.cpp b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4cf7b5e624a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/src/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "foo.h"
+#include "bar.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    std::cout << "add(1, 2) = " << add(1, 2) << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "sub(2, 1) = " << sub(2, 1) << std::endl;
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/tests/apis/namespace/inner/test.lua b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/test.lua
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..83c0a954648
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/test.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+function main()
+    os.exec("xmake -vD")
+end
diff --git a/tests/apis/namespace/inner/xmake.lua b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/xmake.lua
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c18203f2928
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/apis/namespace/inner/xmake.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+add_rules("mode.debug", "mode.release")
+
+namespace("ns1", function ()
+    target("foo")
+        set_kind("static")
+        add_files("src/foo.cpp")
+
+    namespace("ns2", function()
+        target("bar")
+            set_kind("static")
+            add_files("src/bar.cpp")
+    end)
+
+    target("test")
+        set_kind("binary")
+        add_deps("foo", "ns2::bar")
+        add_files("src/main.cpp")
+end)
+
diff --git a/xmake/actions/build/build.lua b/xmake/actions/build/build.lua
index f4b371de7d8..28a33db78de 100644
--- a/xmake/actions/build/build.lua
+++ b/xmake/actions/build/build.lua
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ function _add_batchjobs_for_target_and_deps(batchjobs, rootjob, target, jobrefs,
             jobrefs[target:name()] = job_build_after
             jobrefs_before[target:name()] = job_build_before
             for _, depname in ipairs(target:get("deps")) do
-                local dep = project.target(depname)
+                local dep = project.target(depname, {namespace = target:namespace()})
                 local targetjob = job_build
                 -- @see https://github.com/xmake-io/xmake/discussions/2500
                 if dep:policy("build.across_targets_in_parallel") == false then
diff --git a/xmake/actions/build/build_files.lua b/xmake/actions/build/build_files.lua
index f5604f0bda4..ad85d8b2a71 100644
--- a/xmake/actions/build/build_files.lua
+++ b/xmake/actions/build/build_files.lua
@@ -106,7 +106,8 @@ function _add_batchjobs_for_target_and_deps(batchjobs, rootjob, jobrefs, target,
             jobrefs[target:name()] = targetjob_root
             if not option.get("shallow") then
                 for _, depname in ipairs(target:get("deps")) do
-                    _add_batchjobs_for_target_and_deps(batchjobs, targetjob, jobrefs, project.target(depname), filepatterns)
+                    _add_batchjobs_for_target_and_deps(batchjobs, targetjob, jobrefs,
+                        project.target(depname, {namespace = target:namespace()}), filepatterns)
                 end
             end
         end
diff --git a/xmake/actions/config/main.lua b/xmake/actions/config/main.lua
index 9f0cc08fd5a..0f69142a54b 100644
--- a/xmake/actions/config/main.lua
+++ b/xmake/actions/config/main.lua
@@ -102,12 +102,11 @@ end
 
 -- check target
 function _check_target(target, checked_targets)
-    if not checked_targets[target:name()] then
-        checked_targets[target:name()] = target
+    if not checked_targets[target:fullname()] then
+        checked_targets[target:fullname()] = target
         for _, depname in ipairs(target:get("deps")) do
-            assert(depname ~= target:name(), "the target(%s) cannot depend self!", depname)
-            local deptarget = project.target(depname)
-            assert(deptarget, "unknown target(%s) for %s.deps!", depname, target:name())
+            local deptarget = project.target(depname, {namespace = target:namespace()})
+            assert(deptarget, "unknown target(%s) for %s.deps!", depname, target:fullname())
             _check_target(deptarget, checked_targets)
         end
     end
diff --git a/xmake/actions/package/local/main.lua b/xmake/actions/package/local/main.lua
index 42133b1428d..3035946ffa9 100644
--- a/xmake/actions/package/local/main.lua
+++ b/xmake/actions/package/local/main.lua
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import("target.action.install")
 function _get_librarydeps(target)
     local librarydeps = {}
     for _, depname in ipairs(target:get("deps")) do
-        local dep = project.target(depname)
+        local dep = project.target(depname, {namespace = target:namespace()})
         if not ((target:is_binary() or target:is_shared()) and dep:is_static()) then
             table.insert(librarydeps, dep:name():lower())
         end
diff --git a/xmake/actions/package/remote/main.lua b/xmake/actions/package/remote/main.lua
index f73126618cc..58c89b302c4 100644
--- a/xmake/actions/package/remote/main.lua
+++ b/xmake/actions/package/remote/main.lua
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import("core.base.bit")
 function _get_librarydeps(target)
     local librarydeps = {}
     for _, depname in ipairs(target:get("deps")) do
-        local dep = project.target(depname)
+        local dep = project.target(depname, {namespace = target:namespace()})
         if not ((target:is_binary() or target:is_shared()) and dep:is_static()) then
             table.insert(librarydeps, dep:name():lower())
         end
diff --git a/xmake/core/base/private/instance_deps.lua b/xmake/core/base/private/instance_deps.lua
index 17145ac6f52..2c9c1a7e2fc 100644
--- a/xmake/core/base/private/instance_deps.lua
+++ b/xmake/core/base/private/instance_deps.lua
@@ -46,6 +46,12 @@ function instance_deps.load_deps(instance, instances, deps, orderdeps, depspath,
         -- @see https://github.com/xmake-io/xmake/issues/3144
         local depname = plaindeps[total + 1 - idx]
         local depinst = instances[depname]
+        if depinst == nil and instance.namespace then
+            local namespace = instance:namespace()
+            if namespace then
+                depinst = instances[namespace .. "::" .. depname]
+            end
+        end
         if depinst then
             local continue_walk = true
             if walkdep then
@@ -79,6 +85,12 @@ function instance_deps._sort_instance(instance, instances, orderinstances, insta
         instancerefs[instance:name()] = true
         for _, depname in ipairs(table.wrap(instance:get("deps"))) do
             local depinst = instances[depname]
+            if depinst == nil and instance.namespace then
+                local namespace = instance:namespace()
+                if namespace then
+                    depinst = instances[namespace .. "::" .. depname]
+                end
+            end
             if depinst then
                 local depspath_sub
                 if depspath then
diff --git a/xmake/core/project/project.lua b/xmake/core/project/project.lua
index 77793d3e50e..f395f5f6b52 100644
--- a/xmake/core/project/project.lua
+++ b/xmake/core/project/project.lua
@@ -911,9 +911,16 @@ function project.is_loaded()
 end
 
 -- get the given target
-function project.target(name)
+function project.target(name, opt)
+    opt = opt or {}
     local targets = project.targets()
-    return targets and targets[name]
+    if targets then
+        local t = targets[name]
+        if not t and opt.namespace then
+            t = targets[opt.namespace .. "::" .. name]
+        end
+        return t
+    end
 end
 
 -- add the given target, @note if the target name is the same, it will be replaced
diff --git a/xmake/core/project/target.lua b/xmake/core/project/target.lua
index 2669875b594..eed55c0bfa8 100644
--- a/xmake/core/project/target.lua
+++ b/xmake/core/project/target.lua
@@ -257,6 +257,9 @@ function _instance:_build_deps()
         -- @see https://github.com/xmake-io/xmake/issues/4689
         instance_deps.load_deps(self, instances, {}, self._INHERITDEPS, {self:fullname()}, function (t, dep)
             local depinherit = t:extraconf("deps", dep:name(), "inherit")
+            if depinherit == nil then
+                depinherit = t:extraconf("deps", dep:fullname(), "inherit")
+            end
             return depinherit == nil or depinherit
         end)
     end
@@ -1107,7 +1110,14 @@ end
 function _instance:dep(name)
     local deps = self:deps()
     if deps then
-        return deps[name]
+        local dep = deps[name]
+        if dep == nil then
+            local namespace = self:namespace()
+            if namespace then
+                dep = deps[namespace .. "::" .. name]
+            end
+        end
+        return dep
     end
 end
 
diff --git a/xmake/plugins/project/make/makefile.lua b/xmake/plugins/project/make/makefile.lua
index 12b1b77e03c..3d4d5507f97 100644
--- a/xmake/plugins/project/make/makefile.lua
+++ b/xmake/plugins/project/make/makefile.lua
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ function _add_build_target(makefile, target, targetflags, outputdir)
 
     -- make dependence for the dependent targets
     for _, depname in ipairs(target:get("deps")) do
-        local dep = project.target(depname)
+        local dep = project.target(depname, {namespace = target:namespace()})
         makefile:write(" " .. (dep:is_phony() and depname or _get_relative_unix_path(dep:targetfile(), outputdir)))
     end
 
diff --git a/xmake/plugins/project/ninja/build_ninja.lua b/xmake/plugins/project/ninja/build_ninja.lua
index 1264ed60c3b..94d6495efc7 100644
--- a/xmake/plugins/project/ninja/build_ninja.lua
+++ b/xmake/plugins/project/ninja/build_ninja.lua
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ function _add_build_for_target(ninjafile, target, outputdir)
         ninjafile:print(" || $")
         ninjafile:write("  ")
         for _, dep in ipairs(deps) do
-            ninjafile:write(" " .. _get_relative_unix_path(project.target(dep):targetfile(), outputdir))
+            ninjafile:write(" " .. _get_relative_unix_path(project.target(dep, {namespace = target:namespace()}):targetfile(), outputdir))
         end
     end
     ninjafile:print("")
diff --git a/xmake/plugins/project/vsxmake/getinfo.lua b/xmake/plugins/project/vsxmake/getinfo.lua
index e566ab160b9..12d6497c0f8 100644
--- a/xmake/plugins/project/vsxmake/getinfo.lua
+++ b/xmake/plugins/project/vsxmake/getinfo.lua
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ function main(outputdir, vsinfo)
         if target:get("default") == true then
             table.insert(targetnames, 1, targetname)
         elseif target:is_binary() then
-            local first_target = targetnames[1] and project.target(targetnames[1])
+            local first_target = targetnames[1] and project.target(targetnames[1], {namespace = target:namespace()})
             if not first_target or first_target:get("default") ~= true then
                 table.insert(targetnames, 1, targetname)
             else