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<!doctype html>
<!--
A presentation for the mooc "Learning how to learn".
-->
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=1024" />
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" />
<title>How to work less for school?</title>
<link rel="stylesheet/less" type="text/css"
href="./less/presentation.less" />
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<script src="./js/less-1.4.2.js"></script>
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.png" />
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<body class="impress-not-supported">
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<div class="fallback-message">
<p>
Your browser <b>doesn't support the features required</b> by
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presentation.
</p>
<p>
For the best experience please use the latest <b>Chrome</b>, <b>Safari</b>
or <b>Firefox</b> browser.
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</div>
<div id="impress">
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- How to work less for school -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="howTo" class="step summary" data-x="0" data-y="0">
<h1>How to make the best of school?</h1>
<h2>(and get better marks)</h2>
<br/>
<p style="text-align:center;">Use a spacebar or arrow keys to navigate</p>
</div>
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- What About? -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="whatAbout" class="step summary" data-x="0" data-y="-525">
<h1>What about?</h1>
<ul>
<li>having better marks?</li>
<li>having more freetime?</li>
<li>being less stressed? </li>
<li>even enjoying school?</li>
</ul>
<br/>
<h2>Easy! Pay attention to what follows.</h2>
</div>
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- Change your Frame of Mind -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="fom1" class="step part" data-x="930" data-y="-400">
<h1>But first stop making excuses! and...</h1>
</div>
<div id="frameOfMind" class="step summary" data-x="930" data-y="-400">
<h1>...change your Frame of Mind</h1>
<ul>
<li>You can be good at every subject.</li>
<li>Find the positive aspect of school, whoever the teacher.</li>
<li>Chase negative emotions.</li>
<li>There is no failure, only feedback.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- Stop doing that -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="sdt1" class="step part" data-x="1860" data-y="-330">
<h2>Let's get rid of some misconceptions</h2>
</div>
<div id="sdt2" class="step part sdt" data-x="1660" data-y="-440" data-scale="0.4">
<img src="./img/rereading.png">
<p>Rereading passively your books and notes is not efficient (and a waste of time)!</p>
<br/>
<p>Reread if you need to understand but it won't be enough to remember for the long term.</p>
</div>
<div id="sdt3" class="step part sdt" data-x="2060" data-y="-400" data-scale="0.4">
<img src="./img/highlighting.jpg">
<p>Sparse highlighting is OK for retrieving important points later on in the text book.</p>
<br/>
<p>But it's an ineffective way to remember the material.</p>
<br/>
<p><span class="highlighting">Highlighting a text doesn't put it magically in your brain!</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdt4" class="step part sdt" data-x="1660" data-y="-290" data-scale="0.4">
<img src="./img/solution.png" height=260 width=260>
<p>Don't rush to the solution of a problem if you can't solve it!</p>
<br/>
<p>Merely knowing the solution won't help you solve similar problems.</p>
<br/>
<p>It's the process of searching by yourself that is important.</p>
</div>
<div id="sdt5" class="step part sdt" data-x="2060" data-y="-250" data-scale="0.4">
<img src="./img/multitasking.jpg" height=220>
<p>We are bad at multitasking, especially if the taks involves concentration and effort!</p>
<br/>
<p>Each distraction reduces the amount learnt!</p>
<br/>
<p>Each distraction increases the time to learn the material!</p>
<br/>
<p class="sdtEmphasize">Multitasking is doing BADLY several things at the same time!</p>
</div>
<div id="sdt6" class="step part sdt" data-x="1660" data-y="-140" data-scale="0.4">
<img src="./img/procrastination.jpg">
<p>Cramming is a very very bad idea!</p>
<p>What you've learnt during a cramming session will fade very rapidly (don't waste your time!)</p>
<p>Learning takes time, practice and rest. Be nice with your brain.</p>
<p>Cramming or doing an assignment at the last minute means stress. Don't you want to be cool?</p>
</div>
<div id="sdt7" class="step remember" data-x="1860" data-y="-330">
<h1></h1>
</div>
<div id="stopDoingThat" class="step summary" data-x="1860" data-y="-330">
<h1>Stop doing that!</h1>
<ul>
<li>Don't only reread your material!</li>
<li>Highlighting only doesn't work!</li>
<li>Rushing to the solution is not solving a problem!</li>
<li>Stop multitasking, you don't do any task properly!</li>
<li>Stop waiting for the last minute!</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- The good ways to learn -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="gwtl1" class="step part" data-x="1860" data-y="330">
<h2>What should I do then?</h2>
</div>
<div id="gwtl2" class="step part gwtl" data-x="1650" data-y="220" data-scale="0.25">
<ul>
<li>Read the material,</li>
<li>understand it,</li>
<li>question it,</li>
<li>ask yourself questions.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="gwtl3" class="step part gwtl" data-x="1860" data-y="220" data-scale="0.25">
<ul>
<li>Link the information with what you already know.</li>
<li>What is similar, different?</li>
<li>Make analogies with concepts you are familiar with.</li>
<li>How would you use it in your daily life?</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="gwtl4" class="step part gwtl" data-x="2070" data-y="220" data-scale="0.25">
<p><b>Teach the material!</b></p>
<ul>
<li>to a real schoolmate, an imaginary friend, your grandmother, whoever.</li>
<li>Do it out loud.</li>
<li>Write explanations and draw schemas if necessary.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="gwtl5" class="step part gwtl" data-x="1650" data-y="380" data-scale="0.25">
<p>Hide and recall what you want to learn</p>
<br/>
<ul>
<li>Read the material</li>
<li>understand it</li>
<li>hide it</li>
<li>and then recall it from memory, with your own words.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="gwtl6" class="step part gwtl" data-x="1860" data-y="380" data-scale="0.25">
<p>Solve problems yourself!</p>
<ul>
<li>Spend time trying to solve them, struggling is learning!</li>
<li>Solve different types of problems in a learning session, don't do similar ones in a row.</li>
</ul>
<br/>
<p>If you need to peek at the solution:</p>
<ul>
<li>Study each step, understand why they are needed.</li>
<li>Redo the exercise alone explaining each step to yourself.</li>
<li>Redo a similar exercise later on or one or several days later.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- <div id="gwtl7" class="step part gwtl" data-x="2070" data-y="380" data-scale="0.25">
<span>Do exercises.</span>
</div> -->
<!-- <div id="gwtl8" class="step part gwtl" data-x="1650" data-y="540" data-scale="0.25">
<span>Do exercises.</span>
</div>
<div id="gwtl9" class="step part gwtl" data-x="1860" data-y="540" data-scale="0.25">
<span>If you struggle, you're learning!</span>
</div> -->
<!-- <div id="gwtl10" class="step part gwtl" data-x="2070" data-y="540" data-scale="0.25">
<span>...</span>
</div> -->
<div id="gwtl11" class="step remember" data-x="1860" data-y="330">
<h1></h1>
</div>
<div id="theGoodWaysToLearn" class="step summary" data-x="1860" data-y="330">
<h1>The good ways to learn</h1>
<ul>
<li>Read, understand, ask yourself questions.</li>
<li>Link the information with what you already know.</li>
<li>Teach the material.</li>
<li>Hide and recall what you want to learn.</li>
<li>Solve problems yourself, don't rush to the solution.</li>
<li>Self explanation of the steps during problem solving.</li>
<li>Do exercises.</li>
<li>If you struggle, you're learning!</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- When to learn and revise ? -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="wtl1" class="step part" data-x="930" data-y="400">
<h2>So, when should I apply these techniques?</h2>
</div>
<div id="wtl2" class="step part" data-x="930" data-y="450">
<h2>Space your revisions, learn and revise a bit everyday.</h2>
<dl>
<dt>In the evening</dt>
<dd>Revise what you've just learnt during your schoolday.</dd>
<dd>Revise the subjects you will have the next schoolday.</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<!-- <div id="wtl3" class="step part" data-x="930" data-y="450">
</div>
-->
<div id="wtl4" class="step part" data-x="930" data-y="400">
<h2>And how long are the sessions?</h2>
<img src="./img/pomodoroCycle.png">
<br/>
<p>Work means focus, without any distraction!</p>
<p>Do whatever you like during your breaks, have coffee, play guitar, juggle, have a sweet, etc.</p>
</div>
<!-- <div id="wtl5" class="step part blockWork" data-x="600" data-y="410">
<p>Work (focus!)</p>
25 mn
</div>
<div id="wtl6" class="step part blockPause" data-x="750" data-y="410">
<p>Pause</p>
</div>
<div id="wtl7" class="step part blockWork" data-x="900" data-y="410">
<p>Work (focus!)</p>
25 mn
</div>
<div id="wtl8" class="step part blockPause" data-x="1050" data-y="410">
<p>Pause</p>
</div>
<div id="wtl9" class="step part blockWork" data-x="1200" data-y="410">
<p>Work (focus!)</p>
25 mn
</div>
<div id="wtl10" class="step part blockPause" data-x="1350" data-y="410">
<p>Long Pause</p>
</div> -->
<div id="wtl11" class="step remember" data-x="930" data-y="400">
<h1></h1>
</div>
<div id="whenToLearn" class="step summary" data-x="930" data-y="400">
<h1>When to learn and revise?</h1>
<ul>
<li>Learn and revise a bit everyday, regularly.</li>
<li>25mn of work, a 5mn pause with a reward, 25mn of work, and so on.</li>
<li>Your brain needs pauses, time and sleep to assimilate the material.</li>
<li>By spacing your revisions, your brain works for you, during your freetime!</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- For a good learning session -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="forAGoodLearningSession" class="step summary" data-x="0" data-y="525">
<h1>For a good learning session</h1>
<ul>
<li>Focus to the material, no distraction.</li>
<li>No radio or TV, only classical music is allowed.</li>
<li>twitter, facebook, youtube, sms : OFF!</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- At school -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="atSchool" class="step summary" data-x="-930" data-y="400">
<h1>At school</h1>
<ul>
<li>Take notes instead of getting them passively.</li>
<li>Read your notes before class.</li>
<li>Make the best of the class, otherwise you're losing your time!</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- Tame your thoughts -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="tameYourThoughts" class="step summary" data-x="-1860" data-y="330">
<h1>Tame your thoughts</h1>
<ul>
<li>Focus on the time you spend, not on the outcome.</li>
<li>Parasite thoughts? Write them down for later.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- Have a life -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="haveALife" class="step summary" data-x="-1860" data-y="-330">
<h1>Have a life!</h1>
<ul>
<li>Sleep enough.</li>
<li>Do sport.</li>
<li>Meet your friends.</li>
<li>Cut down junk information.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- Survey -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="survey" class="step summary" data-x="-930" data-y="-400">
<h1>Now?</h1>
<br/><br/><br/>
<h2>Apply these principles for a least one month.</h2>
<h2>and reap the benefits!</h2>
</div>
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- Credits -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="credits" class="step summary" data-x="0" data-y="0" data-y="-10">
<h1>Credits</h1>
<p>References:</p>
<ul>
<li>[1] Improving students’ learning with effective learning techniques: Promising directions from cognitive and educational psychology.
<i>Dunlosky, J., Rawson, K. A., Marsh, E. J., Nathan, M. J., & Willingham, D. T.</i>
</li>
<li>[2] Better Grades, Less Effort. <i>W. R. Klemm, D.V.M., Ph.D.</i></li>
<li>[3] Divided Attention http://chronicle.com/article/Scholars-Turn-Their-Attention/63746/</li>
<li>[4] Memory and emotion <i>E. Kensinger, B. Uttl, Ohta, et al.</i> 10.1027/1618-3169.54.3.243</li>
<li>[5] www.memory-key.com <i>Dr McPherson</i></li>
<li>[6] How people Learn <i>John D. Bransford, Ann L. Brown, and Rodney R. Cocking</i> National academy Press 2004</li>
<li>[7] How to succeed in College <i>J. Golding, P Kraemer</i> www.coursera.org/course/succeedincollege</li>
<li>[8] Pomodoro technique <i>F. Cirillo</i> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomodoro_Technique</li>
<li>[9] Sleep Stages, Memory and Learning <i>L. Dotto</i> Canadian Medical Association Journal 1996</li>
<li>[10] Learning How to Learn: Powerful mental tools to help you master tough subjects <i>Dr. Terrence Sejnowski, Dr. Barbara Oakley</i> https://www.coursera.org/course/learning 2014</li>
</ul>
<br/>
<p>Slides:</p>
<ul>
<li>Change your frame of mind:[2], [4], [10]</li>
<li>Stop doing that:[1], [2], [3], [5], [10]</li>
<li>The good ways to learn:[1], [2], [5], [10]</li>
<li>When to learn and revise:[2], [5], [8], [9], [10]</li>
<li>For a good learning session:[2], [3], [10]</li>
<li>At school:[2], [7]</li>
<li>Tame your thoughts:[]</li>
<li>Have a life!:[2], [5], [9], [10]</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<!-- Pictures -->
<!-- ================================================================================== -->
<div id="pictures" class="step summary" data-x="0" data-y="0" data-y="-10">
<h1>pictures</h1>
<p>References:</p>
<ul>
<li>[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highlighter#mediaviewer/File:Highlighter_pen_-photocopied_text-9Mar2009.jpg</li>
<li>[2] http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WikiWordplay_solution.png</li>
<li>[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_discipline#mediaviewer/File:Windup_alarm_clock.jpg</li>
<li>[4] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_neural_network#mediaviewer/File:Brain_network.png</li>
<li>[5] http://www.officeclipart.com/office_clipart_images/</li>
<li>[6] http://www.clker.com/clipart-thinking-person-1.html</li>
<li>[7] http://ayearofproductivity.com/pomodoro/</li>
</ul>
<br/>
<p>Slides:</p>
<ul>
<li>Stop doing that:[1], [2], [3]</li>
<li>The good ways to learn:[4], [5], [6]</li>
<li>When to learn and revise:[7]</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="overview" class="step" data-x="0" data-y="0" data-scale="3"></div>
<div class="hint">
<p>Use a spacebar or arrow keys to navigate</p>
</div>
<script>
if ("ontouchstart" in document.documentElement) {
document.querySelector(".hint").innerHTML = "<p>Tap on the left or right to navigate</p>";
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