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01_Podman_Setup.md

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Podman Machine Setup

Podman runs on top of a Linux host, which means that on macOS and Windows a virtual machine is required (like for Docker). Mimicking the docker machine, podman can create fedora CoreOS vm's (rootless or rootfull) and provide a docker compatible API runtime.

Let's see how to manage podman machines.

# List Machines
podman machine ls
NAME        VM TYPE     CREATED     LAST UP     CPUS        MEMORY      DISK SIZE

podman machine init
Downloading VM image: fedora-coreos-36.20220703.2.1-qemu.aarch64.qcow2.xz  1.3M…
Downloading VM image: fedora-coreos-36.20220703.2.1-qemu.aarch64.qcow2.xz  3.3M…
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Downloading VM image: fedora-coreos-36.20220703.2.1-qemu.aarch64.qcow2.xz  579.…
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Downloading VM image: fedora-coreos-36.20220703.2.1-qemu.aarch64.qcow2.xz: done
Extracting compressed file
Image resized.
Machine init complete
To start your machine run:

	podman machine start

# Start Machine

podman machine start
Starting machine "podman-machine-default"
Waiting for VM ...
Mounting volume... /Users/guillem.riera:/Users/guillem.riera
bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
/usr/bin/sh: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
/usr/bin/sh: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
/usr/bin/sh: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
/usr/bin/sh: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
/usr/bin/sh: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
/usr/bin/sh: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)

This machine is currently configured in rootless mode. If your containers
require root permissions (e.g. ports < 1024), or if you run into compatibility
issues with non-podman clients, you can switch using the following command: 

	podman machine set --rootful

API forwarding listening on: /var/run/docker.sock
Docker API clients default to this address. You do not need to set DOCKER_HOST.

Machine "podman-machine-default" started successfully

# List Machines
podman machine list
NAME                     VM TYPE     CREATED        LAST UP            CPUS        MEMORY      DISK SIZE
podman-machine-default*  qemu        4 minutes ago  Currently running  1           2.147GB     107.4GB

# Stop a machine

podman machine stop
Machine "podman-machine-default" stopped successfully

# Start a stopped machine
podman machine start
Starting machine "podman-machine-default"
Waiting for VM ...
Mounting volume... /Users/guillem.riera:/Users/guillem.riera
bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
/usr/bin/sh: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
/usr/bin/sh: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
/usr/bin/sh: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
/usr/bin/sh: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
/usr/bin/sh: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
/usr/bin/sh: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)

This machine is currently configured in rootless mode. If your containers
require root permissions (e.g. ports < 1024), or if you run into compatibility
issues with non-podman clients, you can switch using the following command: 

	podman machine set --rootful

API forwarding listening on: /var/run/docker.sock
Docker API clients default to this address. You do not need to set DOCKER_HOST.

Machine "podman-machine-default" started successfully

# Destroy an existing machine (1/2)

# Stop first

podman machine stop
Machine "podman-machine-default" stopped successfully

# Destroy an existing machine (2/2)

# Then delete

podman machine rm --force

Podman Custom Setup

It is possible to customize the machine's size (CPU, Memory, Disk and "Rootfulness").

For example, if we want to run a big number of containers or containers that need a lot of resources (like a full minikube container) we can add several flags to obtain a bigger podman machine:

podman machine init --cpus 2 --memory 8192 --rootful
Extracting compressed file
Image resized.
Machine init complete
To start your machine run:

	podman machine start

# List Machines
podman machine ls
NAME                    VM TYPE     CREATED        LAST UP        CPUS        MEMORY      DISK SIZE
podman-machine-default  qemu        2 minutes ago  2 minutes ago  2           8.59GB      107.4GB

Ensure proper functioning with QEMU 7 under macOS Apple Silicon M1 / M2 Processors

If you happen to have trouble with Apple Silicon processors chances are that a QEMU config generator made the wrong assumptions about the target CPU of the VM.

You can read this short article about it if you are interested in the details:

https://medium.com/@guillem.riera/podman-on-macos-m1-qemu-7-e9225ffa3453

Running this commands can solve this issue:

# Solving problems with Apple Silicon M1/M2 Processors and QEMU

# NOTE: Do not run this in Jupyter, use the terminal instead, or else you will get an error "sed: -I or -i may not be used with stdin"

# After $(podman init)
# Obtain the PODMAN_MACHINE name
# This will get the default one, set this value if you need another
export PODMAN_MACHINE=$(podman machine list -q --format '{{.Name}}')
sed -e 's/cortex-a57/host/g' -e 's/highmem=off/highmem=on/g' -i ""  $HOME/.config/containers/podman/machine/qemu/$PODMAN_MACHINE.json