diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index cbaa1257f146..3b506e8b99b8 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@
 - `[jest-util]` Always load `mjs` files with `import` ([#15447](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/15447))
 - `[jest-worker]` Properly handle a circular reference error when worker tries to send an assertion fails where either the expected or actual value is circular ([#15191](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/15191))
 - `[jest-worker]` Properly handle a BigInt when worker tries to send an assertion fails where either the expected or actual value is BigInt ([#15191](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/15191))
+- `[jest-resolve,jest-runtime,jest-resolve-dependencies]` Pass the conditions when resolving stub modules ([#15489](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/15489))
 
 ### Performance
 
diff --git a/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/moduleNameMapper.test.ts.snap b/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/moduleNameMapper.test.ts.snap
index 19bec39f956a..92b214d76d49 100644
--- a/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/moduleNameMapper.test.ts.snap
+++ b/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/moduleNameMapper.test.ts.snap
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ exports[`moduleNameMapper wrong array configuration 1`] = `
       12 | module.exports = () => 'test';
       13 |
 
-      at createNoMappedModuleFoundError (../../packages/jest-resolve/build/index.js:1182:17)
+      at createNoMappedModuleFoundError (../../packages/jest-resolve/build/index.js:1184:17)
       at Object.require (index.js:10:1)
       at Object.require (__tests__/index.js:10:20)"
 `;
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ exports[`moduleNameMapper wrong configuration 1`] = `
       12 | module.exports = () => 'test';
       13 |
 
-      at createNoMappedModuleFoundError (../../packages/jest-resolve/build/index.js:1182:17)
+      at createNoMappedModuleFoundError (../../packages/jest-resolve/build/index.js:1184:17)
       at Object.require (index.js:10:1)
       at Object.require (__tests__/index.js:10:20)"
 `;
diff --git a/e2e/resolve-conditions/__tests__/module-name-mapper.test.mjs b/e2e/resolve-conditions/__tests__/module-name-mapper.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8b2344f2b269
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/resolve-conditions/__tests__/module-name-mapper.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ *
+ * @jest-environment jest-environment-jsdom
+ */
+
+import {fn} from 'fake-dual-dep2';
+
+test('returns correct message', () => {
+  expect(fn()).toBe('from browser');
+});
diff --git a/e2e/resolve-conditions/node_modules/fake-dual-dep2/browser.mjs b/e2e/resolve-conditions/node_modules/fake-dual-dep2/browser.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..798335f16820
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/resolve-conditions/node_modules/fake-dual-dep2/browser.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+export function fn () {
+  return 'from browser';
+}
diff --git a/e2e/resolve-conditions/node_modules/fake-dual-dep2/node.mjs b/e2e/resolve-conditions/node_modules/fake-dual-dep2/node.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9c9a7bd6e2e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/resolve-conditions/node_modules/fake-dual-dep2/node.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+export function fn () {
+  return 'from node';
+}
diff --git a/e2e/resolve-conditions/node_modules/fake-dual-dep2/package.json b/e2e/resolve-conditions/node_modules/fake-dual-dep2/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f1cd27cca5f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/resolve-conditions/node_modules/fake-dual-dep2/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "name": "fake-dual-dep2",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "exports": {
+    ".": {
+      "node": "./node.mjs",
+      "browser": "./browser.mjs"
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/e2e/resolve-conditions/package.json b/e2e/resolve-conditions/package.json
index 6bfa1448215b..30e105b58d26 100644
--- a/e2e/resolve-conditions/package.json
+++ b/e2e/resolve-conditions/package.json
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@
     "testMatch": [
       "<rootDir>/**/*.test.*"
     ],
+    "moduleNameMapper": {
+      "^fake-dual-dep2$": "fake-dual-dep2"
+    },
     "transform": {}
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/jest-resolve-dependencies/src/index.ts b/packages/jest-resolve-dependencies/src/index.ts
index 2057367291a1..ba19aefa8a4d 100644
--- a/packages/jest-resolve-dependencies/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-resolve-dependencies/src/index.ts
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ export class DependencyResolver {
 
   resolve(file: string, options?: ResolveModuleConfig): Array<string> {
     const dependencies = this._hasteFS.getDependencies(file);
+    const fallbackOptions: ResolveModuleConfig = {conditions: undefined};
     if (!dependencies) {
       return [];
     }
@@ -51,11 +52,15 @@ export class DependencyResolver {
         resolvedDependency = this._resolver.resolveModule(
           file,
           dependency,
-          options,
+          options ?? fallbackOptions,
         );
       } catch {
         try {
-          resolvedDependency = this._resolver.getMockModule(file, dependency);
+          resolvedDependency = this._resolver.getMockModule(
+            file,
+            dependency,
+            options ?? fallbackOptions,
+          );
         } catch {
           // leave resolvedDependency as undefined if nothing can be found
         }
@@ -73,6 +78,7 @@ export class DependencyResolver {
         resolvedMockDependency = this._resolver.getMockModule(
           resolvedDependency,
           path.basename(dependency),
+          options ?? fallbackOptions,
         );
       } catch {
         // leave resolvedMockDependency as undefined if nothing can be found
diff --git a/packages/jest-resolve/src/__tests__/resolve.test.ts b/packages/jest-resolve/src/__tests__/resolve.test.ts
index df3096e927e5..321796e71242 100644
--- a/packages/jest-resolve/src/__tests__/resolve.test.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-resolve/src/__tests__/resolve.test.ts
@@ -742,7 +742,9 @@ describe('getMockModuleAsync', () => {
     } as ResolverConfig);
     const src = require.resolve('../');
 
-    await resolver.resolveModuleAsync(src, 'dependentModule');
+    await resolver.resolveModuleAsync(src, 'dependentModule', {
+      conditions: ['browser'],
+    });
 
     expect(mockUserResolverAsync.async).toHaveBeenCalled();
     expect(mockUserResolverAsync.async.mock.calls[0][0]).toBe(
@@ -752,6 +754,10 @@ describe('getMockModuleAsync', () => {
       'basedir',
       path.dirname(src),
     );
+    expect(mockUserResolverAsync.async.mock.calls[0][1]).toHaveProperty(
+      'conditions',
+      ['browser'],
+    );
   });
 });
 
diff --git a/packages/jest-resolve/src/resolver.ts b/packages/jest-resolve/src/resolver.ts
index 32bb4d8cd9f9..e7dcc1e36b06 100644
--- a/packages/jest-resolve/src/resolver.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-resolve/src/resolver.ts
@@ -341,11 +341,11 @@ export default class Resolver {
   resolveModule(
     from: string,
     moduleName: string,
-    options?: ResolveModuleConfig,
+    options: ResolveModuleConfig,
   ): string {
     const dirname = path.dirname(from);
     const module =
-      this.resolveStubModuleName(from, moduleName) ||
+      this.resolveStubModuleName(from, moduleName, options) ||
       this.resolveModuleFromDirIfExists(dirname, moduleName, options);
     if (module) return module;
 
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ export default class Resolver {
   ): Promise<string> {
     const dirname = path.dirname(from);
     const module =
-      (await this.resolveStubModuleNameAsync(from, moduleName)) ||
+      (await this.resolveStubModuleNameAsync(from, moduleName, options)) ||
       (await this.resolveModuleFromDirIfExistsAsync(
         dirname,
         moduleName,
@@ -482,12 +482,16 @@ export default class Resolver {
     );
   }
 
-  getMockModule(from: string, name: string): string | null {
+  getMockModule(
+    from: string,
+    name: string,
+    options: Pick<ResolveModuleConfig, 'conditions'>,
+  ): string | null {
     const mock = this._moduleMap.getMockModule(name);
     if (mock) {
       return mock;
     } else {
-      const moduleName = this.resolveStubModuleName(from, name);
+      const moduleName = this.resolveStubModuleName(from, name, options);
       if (moduleName) {
         return this.getModule(moduleName) || moduleName;
       }
@@ -495,12 +499,20 @@ export default class Resolver {
     return null;
   }
 
-  async getMockModuleAsync(from: string, name: string): Promise<string | null> {
+  async getMockModuleAsync(
+    from: string,
+    name: string,
+    options: Pick<ResolveModuleConfig, 'conditions'>,
+  ): Promise<string | null> {
     const mock = this._moduleMap.getMockModule(name);
     if (mock) {
       return mock;
     } else {
-      const moduleName = await this.resolveStubModuleNameAsync(from, name);
+      const moduleName = await this.resolveStubModuleNameAsync(
+        from,
+        name,
+        options,
+      );
       if (moduleName) {
         return this.getModule(moduleName) || moduleName;
       }
@@ -536,7 +548,7 @@ export default class Resolver {
     virtualMocks: Map<string, boolean>,
     from: string,
     moduleName = '',
-    options?: ResolveModuleConfig,
+    options: ResolveModuleConfig,
   ): string {
     const stringifiedOptions = options ? JSON.stringify(options) : '';
     const key = from + path.delimiter + moduleName + stringifiedOptions;
@@ -552,7 +564,7 @@ export default class Resolver {
       moduleName,
       options,
     );
-    const mockPath = this._getMockPath(from, moduleName);
+    const mockPath = this._getMockPath(from, moduleName, options);
 
     const sep = path.delimiter;
     const id =
@@ -570,7 +582,7 @@ export default class Resolver {
     virtualMocks: Map<string, boolean>,
     from: string,
     moduleName = '',
-    options?: ResolveModuleConfig,
+    options: ResolveModuleConfig,
   ): Promise<string> {
     const stringifiedOptions = options ? JSON.stringify(options) : '';
     const key = from + path.delimiter + moduleName + stringifiedOptions;
@@ -589,7 +601,7 @@ export default class Resolver {
       moduleName,
       options,
     );
-    const mockPath = await this._getMockPathAsync(from, moduleName);
+    const mockPath = await this._getMockPathAsync(from, moduleName, options);
 
     const sep = path.delimiter;
     const id =
@@ -611,7 +623,7 @@ export default class Resolver {
     virtualMocks: Map<string, boolean>,
     from: string,
     moduleName: string,
-    options?: ResolveModuleConfig,
+    options: ResolveModuleConfig,
   ): string | null {
     if (this.isCoreModule(moduleName)) {
       return moduleName;
@@ -619,7 +631,7 @@ export default class Resolver {
     if (moduleName.startsWith('data:')) {
       return moduleName;
     }
-    return this._isModuleResolved(from, moduleName)
+    return this._isModuleResolved(from, moduleName, options)
       ? this.getModule(moduleName)
       : this._getVirtualMockPath(virtualMocks, from, moduleName, options);
   }
@@ -628,7 +640,7 @@ export default class Resolver {
     virtualMocks: Map<string, boolean>,
     from: string,
     moduleName: string,
-    options?: ResolveModuleConfig,
+    options: ResolveModuleConfig,
   ): Promise<string | null> {
     if (this.isCoreModule(moduleName)) {
       return moduleName;
@@ -639,32 +651,38 @@ export default class Resolver {
     const isModuleResolved = await this._isModuleResolvedAsync(
       from,
       moduleName,
+      options,
     );
     return isModuleResolved
       ? this.getModule(moduleName)
       : this._getVirtualMockPathAsync(virtualMocks, from, moduleName, options);
   }
 
-  private _getMockPath(from: string, moduleName: string): string | null {
+  private _getMockPath(
+    from: string,
+    moduleName: string,
+    options: Pick<ResolveModuleConfig, 'conditions'>,
+  ): string | null {
     return this.isCoreModule(moduleName)
       ? null
-      : this.getMockModule(from, moduleName);
+      : this.getMockModule(from, moduleName, options);
   }
 
   private async _getMockPathAsync(
     from: string,
     moduleName: string,
+    options: Pick<ResolveModuleConfig, 'conditions'>,
   ): Promise<string | null> {
     return this.isCoreModule(moduleName)
       ? null
-      : this.getMockModuleAsync(from, moduleName);
+      : this.getMockModuleAsync(from, moduleName, options);
   }
 
   private _getVirtualMockPath(
     virtualMocks: Map<string, boolean>,
     from: string,
     moduleName: string,
-    options?: ResolveModuleConfig,
+    options: ResolveModuleConfig,
   ): string {
     const virtualMockPath = this.getModulePath(from, moduleName);
     return virtualMocks.get(virtualMockPath)
@@ -688,23 +706,33 @@ export default class Resolver {
         : from;
   }
 
-  private _isModuleResolved(from: string, moduleName: string): boolean {
+  private _isModuleResolved(
+    from: string,
+    moduleName: string,
+    options: Pick<ResolveModuleConfig, 'conditions'>,
+  ): boolean {
     return !!(
-      this.getModule(moduleName) || this.getMockModule(from, moduleName)
+      this.getModule(moduleName) ||
+      this.getMockModule(from, moduleName, options)
     );
   }
 
   private async _isModuleResolvedAsync(
     from: string,
     moduleName: string,
+    options: Pick<ResolveModuleConfig, 'conditions'>,
   ): Promise<boolean> {
     return !!(
       this.getModule(moduleName) ||
-      (await this.getMockModuleAsync(from, moduleName))
+      (await this.getMockModuleAsync(from, moduleName, options))
     );
   }
 
-  resolveStubModuleName(from: string, moduleName: string): string | null {
+  resolveStubModuleName(
+    from: string,
+    moduleName: string,
+    options: Pick<ResolveModuleConfig, 'conditions'>,
+  ): string | null {
     const dirname = path.dirname(from);
 
     const {extensions, moduleDirectory, paths} = this._prepareForResolution(
@@ -727,11 +755,11 @@ export default class Resolver {
           let module: string | null = null;
           for (const possibleModuleName of possibleModuleNames) {
             const updatedName = mapModuleName(possibleModuleName);
-
             module =
               this.getModule(updatedName) ||
               Resolver.findNodeModule(updatedName, {
                 basedir: dirname,
+                conditions: options?.conditions,
                 extensions,
                 moduleDirectory,
                 paths,
@@ -763,6 +791,7 @@ export default class Resolver {
   async resolveStubModuleNameAsync(
     from: string,
     moduleName: string,
+    options?: Pick<ResolveModuleConfig, 'conditions'>,
   ): Promise<string | null> {
     const dirname = path.dirname(from);
 
@@ -791,6 +820,7 @@ export default class Resolver {
               this.getModule(updatedName) ||
               (await Resolver.findNodeModuleAsync(updatedName, {
                 basedir: dirname,
+                conditions: options?.conditions,
                 extensions,
                 moduleDirectory,
                 paths,
diff --git a/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts b/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts
index e054e894d211..d66826c0a72e 100644
--- a/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts
@@ -925,11 +925,12 @@ export default class Runtime {
     isRequireActual = false,
   ): T {
     const isInternal = options?.isInternalModule ?? false;
+    const resolveModuleOptions = {conditions: this.cjsConditions};
     const moduleID = this._resolver.getModuleID(
       this._virtualMocks,
       from,
       moduleName,
-      {conditions: this.cjsConditions},
+      resolveModuleOptions,
     );
     let modulePath: string | undefined;
 
@@ -937,7 +938,8 @@ export default class Runtime {
     // to be more explicit.
     const moduleResource = moduleName && this._resolver.getModule(moduleName);
     const manualMock =
-      moduleName && this._resolver.getMockModule(from, moduleName);
+      moduleName &&
+      this._resolver.getMockModule(from, moduleName, resolveModuleOptions);
     if (
       !options?.isInternalModule &&
       !isRequireActual &&
@@ -1043,11 +1045,12 @@ export default class Runtime {
   }
 
   requireMock<T = unknown>(from: string, moduleName: string): T {
+    const options = {conditions: this.cjsConditions};
     const moduleID = this._resolver.getModuleID(
       this._virtualMocks,
       from,
       moduleName,
-      {conditions: this.cjsConditions},
+      options,
     );
 
     if (this._isolatedMockRegistry?.has(moduleID)) {
@@ -1065,15 +1068,19 @@ export default class Runtime {
       return module as T;
     }
 
-    const manualMockOrStub = this._resolver.getMockModule(from, moduleName);
+    const manualMockOrStub = this._resolver.getMockModule(
+      from,
+      moduleName,
+      options,
+    );
 
     let modulePath =
-      this._resolver.getMockModule(from, moduleName) ||
+      this._resolver.getMockModule(from, moduleName, options) ||
       this._resolveCjsModule(from, moduleName);
 
     let isManualMock =
       manualMockOrStub &&
-      !this._resolver.resolveStubModuleName(from, moduleName);
+      !this._resolver.resolveStubModuleName(from, moduleName, options);
     if (!isManualMock) {
       // If the actual module file has a __mocks__ dir sitting immediately next
       // to it, look to see if there is a manual mock for this file.
@@ -1507,7 +1514,9 @@ export default class Runtime {
     try {
       return this._resolveCjsModule(from, moduleName);
     } catch (error) {
-      const module = this._resolver.getMockModule(from, moduleName);
+      const module = this._resolver.getMockModule(from, moduleName, {
+        conditions: this.cjsConditions,
+      });
 
       if (module) {
         return module;
@@ -1899,8 +1908,9 @@ export default class Runtime {
 
   private _generateMock<T>(from: string, moduleName: string) {
     const modulePath =
-      this._resolver.resolveStubModuleName(from, moduleName) ||
-      this._resolveCjsModule(from, moduleName);
+      this._resolver.resolveStubModuleName(from, moduleName, {
+        conditions: this.cjsConditions,
+      }) || this._resolveCjsModule(from, moduleName);
     if (!this._mockMetaDataCache.has(modulePath)) {
       // This allows us to handle circular dependencies while generating an
       // automock
@@ -1982,7 +1992,11 @@ export default class Runtime {
     try {
       modulePath = this._resolveCjsModule(from, moduleName);
     } catch (error) {
-      const manualMock = this._resolver.getMockModule(from, moduleName);
+      const manualMock = this._resolver.getMockModule(
+        from,
+        moduleName,
+        options,
+      );
       if (manualMock) {
         this._shouldMockModuleCache.set(moduleID, true);
         return true;
@@ -2056,6 +2070,7 @@ export default class Runtime {
       const manualMock = await this._resolver.getMockModuleAsync(
         from,
         moduleName,
+        options,
       );
       if (manualMock) {
         this._shouldMockModuleCache.set(moduleID, true);