cldf

StructureDataset CLDF dataset with data and supplements for Barlow “Loss of colexification of ‘hand’ and ‘five’ in Austronesian languages”

CLDF Metadata: StructureDataset-metadata.json

Sources: sources.bib

property	value
dc:conformsTo	CLDF StructureDataset
dc:license	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dcat:accessURL	https://github.com/cldf-datasets/barlowhandandfive
prov:wasDerivedFrom	cldf-datasets/barlowhandandfive v1.1-1-g948aa74 Glottolog v5.0
prov:wasGeneratedBy	python: 3.12.3 python-packages: requirements.txt
rdf:ID	barlowhandandfive
rdf:type	http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#Distribution

Table values.csv

property	value
dc:conformsTo	CLDF ValueTable
dc:extent	6063

Columns

Name/Property	Datatype	Description
ID	string Regex: [a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+	Primary key
Language_ID	string	References languages.csv::ID
Parameter_ID	string	References parameters.csv::ID
Value	string
Code_ID	string	References codes.csv::ID
Comment	string
Source	list of string (separated by ;)	References sources.bib::BibTeX-key

Table forms.csv

property	value
dc:conformsTo	CLDF FormTable
dc:extent	2023

Columns

Name/Property	Datatype	Description
ID	string Regex: [a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+	Primary key
Language_ID	string	A reference to a language (or variety) the form belongs to References languages.csv::ID
Parameter_ID	string	A reference to the meaning denoted by the form References parameters.csv::ID
Form	string	The written expression of the form. If possible the transcription system used for the written form should be described in CLDF metadata (e.g. via adding a common property dc:conformsTo to the column description using concept URLs of the GOLD Ontology (such as phonemicRep or phoneticRep) as values).
Segments	list of string (separated by )
Comment	string
Source	list of string (separated by ;)	References sources.bib::BibTeX-key
Contribution_ID	string	Key of lexical dataset from which the form was taken. References contributions.csv::ID
Glottocode_in_dataset	string	Glottocode assigned to the variety in the source dataset from which the form was selected
Language_name_in_dataset	string	Name of the variety in the source dataset from which the form was selected

Table languages.csv

This table lists each language-level languoid in Glottolog 5.0 classified as Austronesian. Languages are roughly sorted by genealogy and then geography, more or less reflecting the spread of Austronesian languages from Taiwan to Polynesia. This sorting is reflected by the numbers given in the “Number” column.

property	value
dc:conformsTo	CLDF LanguageTable
dc:extent	1274

Columns

Name/Property	Datatype	Description
ID	string Regex: [a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+	Primary key
Name	string
Macroarea	string
Latitude	decimal ≥ -90 ≤ 90
Longitude	decimal ≥ -180 ≤ 180
Glottocode	string Regex: [a-z0-9]{4}[1-9][0-9]{3}
ISO639P3code	string Regex: [a-z]{3}
Number	integer
Melanesia	string Valid choices: yes no	Languages are classified as being in Melanesia if they are primarily spoken in PG, SB, VU, NC or the Western New Guinea provinces of ID.

Table contributions.csv

Forms for this study (i.e., words for the concepts ‘five’ and ‘hand’ in Austronesian languages) were taken from the four datasets listed in this table.

property	value
dc:conformsTo	CLDF ContributionTable
dc:extent	4

Columns

Name/Property	Datatype	Description
ID	string Regex: [a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+	Primary key
Name	string
Description	string
Contributor	string
Citation	string

Table parameters.csv

This dataset provides three kinds of parameters: 1) The two concepts ‘hand’ and ‘five’, with the corresponding forms listed in FormTable; 2) six parameters analyzing the colexification status for these two concepts in Austronesian languages, with values listed in ValueTable; and 3) one parameter replicating coding decisions about types of numeral systems, derived from Barlow (2023) but updated here to reflect changes in classifications between Glottolog versions 4.6 and 5.0, with values also listed in ValueTable.

property	value
dc:conformsTo	CLDF ParameterTable
dc:extent	9

Columns

Name/Property	Datatype	Description
ID	string Regex: [a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+	Primary key
Name	string
Description	string
ColumnSpec	json

Table codes.csv

property	value
dc:conformsTo	CLDF CodeTable
dc:extent	31

Columns

Name/Property	Datatype	Description
ID	string Regex: [a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+	Primary key
Parameter_ID	string	The parameter or variable the code belongs to. References parameters.csv::ID
Name	string
Description	string
color	string

Table replacements.csv

This table lists coding decisions for “replacement events” for the words for ‘hand’ or ‘five’ in subgroups or single languages of the Austronesian family. For the concept ‘hand’, a row represents a probable loss of the inherited Proto-Austronesian form *qalima ‘hand’, whether in the individual history of a single language or in a protolanguage ancestral to multiple languages. For the concept ‘five’, a row represents a probable loss of the inherited Proto-Austronesian form *lima ‘five’.

Replacement events are considered taking a relatively conservative approach—that is, a replacement event is reconstructed to a protolanguage only if there is strong evidence for it and no apparent exceptions (such as a reflex of *qalima ‘hand’ found in one or more member languages of the given group).

property	value
dc:extent	189

Columns

Name/Property	Datatype	Description
ID	string	Primary key
Replacement_Group	string	Replacement events can also be considered taking a more liberal approach—that is, replacement events can, in some cases, be reconstructed to higher-order protolanguages or to multiple protolanguages in an area, either when the apparent exceptions seem to be possibly due to subsequent borrowing or when the “replacement event” could be viewed as a single areal spread across multiple languages or language groups. The “conservative” replacement events listed here are grouped into “liberal” events via matching values for the Replacement_Group column. If there is no discrepancy between the more conservative and the more liberal approaches, an event will be in a replacement group of its own.
Subgroup	string
Comment	string
Source	string
Concept	string	References parameters.csv::ID
Language_IDs	list of string (separated by )	References languages.csv::ID