diff --git a/setup.cfg b/setup.cfg
index 0c86a56c..0d4b0597 100644
--- a/setup.cfg
+++ b/setup.cfg
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ zip_safe = True
 include_package_data = True
 install_requires =
         SpiNNUtilities == 1!7.3.1
+        typing_extensions
 
 [options.packages.find]
 include =
diff --git a/spinn_machine/machine.py b/spinn_machine/machine.py
index 081c497d..0ae114f8 100644
--- a/spinn_machine/machine.py
+++ b/spinn_machine/machine.py
@@ -833,6 +833,15 @@ def get_fpga_link_with_id(
                 f" {board_address}")
         return self._fpga_links[b_key]
 
+    @property
+    def n_fpga_links(self) -> int:
+        """
+        The number of FPGA links in the machine.
+
+        :rtype: int
+        """
+        return len(self._fpga_links)
+
     def add_spinnaker_links(self) -> None:
         """
         Add SpiNNaker links that are on a given machine depending on the
diff --git a/spinn_machine/version/abstract_version.py b/spinn_machine/version/abstract_version.py
index 73f9c763..fb53625d 100644
--- a/spinn_machine/version/abstract_version.py
+++ b/spinn_machine/version/abstract_version.py
@@ -14,8 +14,9 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 import logging
 import re
-from typing import (Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple,
-                    TYPE_CHECKING)
+from typing import (
+    Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, TYPE_CHECKING)
+from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
 
 from spinn_utilities.abstract_base import AbstractBase, abstractmethod
 from spinn_utilities.log import FormatAdapter
@@ -28,6 +29,12 @@
 
 logger = FormatAdapter(logging.getLogger(__name__))
 
+ChipXY: TypeAlias = Tuple[int, int]
+# Dict of the number of packets sent by each router in each category
+RouterPackets: TypeAlias = Dict[ChipXY, Dict[str, int]]
+# Dict of the time the cores were active in seconds, and the number of cores
+ChipActiveTime: TypeAlias = Dict[ChipXY, Tuple[float, int]]
+
 CORE_RANGE = re.compile(r"(\d+)-(\d+)")
 CORE_SINGLE = re.compile(r"(-*)(\d+)")
 
@@ -528,5 +535,47 @@ def version_parse_cores_string(self, core_string: str) -> Iterable[int]:
         """
         raise NotImplementedError
 
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_idle_energy(
+            self, time_s: float, n_frames: int, n_boards: int,
+            n_chips: int) -> float:
+        """
+        Returns the idle energy consumption of the system in joules
+
+        :param float time_s: The time to calculate the energy for in seconds
+        :param int n_frames: The number of frames
+        :param int n_boards: The number of boards
+        :param int n_chips: The number of chips
+        :rtype: float
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_active_energy(
+            self, time_s: float, n_frames: int, n_boards: int, n_chips: int,
+            chip_active_time: ChipActiveTime,
+            router_packets: RouterPackets) -> float:
+        """
+        Returns the active energy consumption of the system in joules
+
+        :param float time_s: The time to calculate the energy for in seconds
+        :param int n_frames: The number of frames
+        :param int n_boards: The number of boards
+        :param int n_chips: The number of chips
+        :param dict chip_active_time: The time the cores were active in seconds
+        :param dict router_packets: The number of packets sent by each router
+        :rtype: float
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_router_report_packet_types(self) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        Returns the list of packet types that the router can send
+
+        :rtype: list(str)
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
     def __hash__(self):
         return self.number
diff --git a/spinn_machine/version/version_3.py b/spinn_machine/version/version_3.py
index 4cdfe41e..3c5c83a2 100644
--- a/spinn_machine/version/version_3.py
+++ b/spinn_machine/version/version_3.py
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 from spinn_machine.full_wrap_machine import FullWrapMachine
 from spinn_machine.machine import Machine
 from .version_spin1 import VersionSpin1
+from .abstract_version import ChipActiveTime, RouterPackets
 
 CHIPS_PER_BOARD: Final = {(0, 0): 18, (0, 1): 18, (1, 0): 18, (1, 1): 18}
 
@@ -31,6 +32,10 @@ class Version3(VersionSpin1):
     """
     __slots__ = ()
 
+    #: From measuring the power of an idle 4-chip board for 1 hour, the cost
+    #: is 3.56W
+    WATTS_FOR_4_CHIP_BOARD_IDLE_COST: Final = 3.56
+
     @property
     @overrides(VersionSpin1.name)
     def name(self) -> str:
@@ -86,5 +91,31 @@ def spinnaker_links(self) -> List[Tuple[int, int, int]]:
     def fpga_links(self) -> List[Tuple[int, int, int, int, int]]:
         return []
 
+    @overrides(VersionSpin1.get_idle_energy)
+    def get_idle_energy(
+            self, time_s: float, n_frames: int, n_boards: int,
+            n_chips: int) -> float:
+        if n_frames != 0:
+            raise SpinnMachineException(
+                "A version 3 SpiNNaker 1 board has no frames!")
+        if n_boards > 1:
+            raise SpinnMachineException(
+                "A version 3 SpiNNaker 1 board has exactly one board!")
+
+        # We allow n_boards to be 0 to discount the cost of the board
+        if n_boards == 0:
+            return n_chips * self.WATTS_PER_IDLE_CHIP * time_s
+        return self.WATTS_FOR_4_CHIP_BOARD_IDLE_COST * time_s
+
+    @overrides(VersionSpin1.get_active_energy)
+    def get_active_energy(
+            self, time_s: float, n_frames: int, n_boards: int, n_chips: int,
+            chip_active_time: ChipActiveTime,
+            router_packets: RouterPackets) -> float:
+        return (
+            self.get_idle_energy(time_s, n_frames, n_boards, n_chips) +
+            self._get_router_active_energy(router_packets) +
+            self._get_core_active_energy(chip_active_time))
+
     def __eq__(self, other):
         return isinstance(other, Version3)
diff --git a/spinn_machine/version/version_5.py b/spinn_machine/version/version_5.py
index 70711600..94da5303 100644
--- a/spinn_machine/version/version_5.py
+++ b/spinn_machine/version/version_5.py
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 from .version_48_chips import Version48Chips
 from .version_spin1 import VersionSpin1
+from .abstract_version import ChipActiveTime, RouterPackets
 
 CHIPS_PER_BOARD: Final = {
     (0, 0): 18, (0, 1): 18, (0, 2): 18, (0, 3): 18, (1, 0): 18, (1, 1): 17,
@@ -39,6 +40,29 @@ class Version5(VersionSpin1, Version48Chips):
     """
     __slots__ = ()
 
+    #: measured from the real power meter and timing between
+    #: the photos for a days powered off
+    #: this is the cost of just a frame itself, including the switch and
+    #: cooling, while the system is idle.
+    WATTS_FOR_FRAME_IDLE_COST: Final = 117
+
+    #: measured from the loading of the column and extrapolated
+    #: this is the cost of just a frame itself, including the switch and
+    #: cooling, while the system is active, over the idle cost for simplicity
+    WATTS_PER_FRAME_ACTIVE_COST_OVERHEAD: Final = 154.163558 - 117
+
+    # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+    #: from Optimising the overall power usage on the SpiNNaker neuromimetic
+    #: platform, an idle board uses 26.84W and from measurement of a boxed
+    #: board with all cores idle for 1 hour including the power supply and all
+    #: parts, uses 31.88W, so the overhead is 5.04W
+    WATTS_FOR_48_CHIP_BOX_COST_OVERHEAD: Final = 5.04
+
+    # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+    #: from Optimising the overall power usage on the SpiNNaker neuromimetic
+    #: platform, an idle board uses 26.84W
+    WATTS_FOR_48_CHIP_BOARD_IDLE_COST: Final = 26.84
+
     @property
     @overrides(VersionSpin1.name)
     def name(self) -> str:
@@ -83,5 +107,42 @@ def fpga_links(self) -> List[Tuple[int, int, int, int, int]]:
                 (7, 6, 0, 2, 10), (7, 6, 1, 2, 9),
                 (7, 7, 0, 2, 8), (7, 7, 1, 2, 7), (7, 7, 2, 2, 6)]
 
+    @overrides(VersionSpin1.get_idle_energy)
+    def get_idle_energy(
+            self, time_s: float, n_frames: int, n_boards: int,
+            n_chips: int) -> float:
+
+        # We allow n_boards to be 0 to discount the cost of the board
+        if n_boards == 0:
+            energy = n_chips * self.WATTS_PER_IDLE_CHIP * time_s
+        else:
+            energy = n_boards * self.WATTS_FOR_48_CHIP_BOARD_IDLE_COST * time_s
+
+        # The container of the boards idle energy
+        if n_frames != 0:
+            if n_boards > 1:
+                energy += n_frames * self.WATTS_FOR_FRAME_IDLE_COST * time_s
+            elif n_boards == 1:
+                energy += (
+                    n_frames * self.WATTS_FOR_48_CHIP_BOX_COST_OVERHEAD *
+                    time_s)
+
+        return energy
+
+    @overrides(VersionSpin1.get_active_energy)
+    def get_active_energy(
+            self, time_s: float, n_frames: int, n_boards: int, n_chips: int,
+            chip_active_time: ChipActiveTime,
+            router_packets: RouterPackets) -> float:
+        container_energy = 0.0
+        if n_frames != 0:
+            container_energy = (
+                n_frames * self.WATTS_PER_FRAME_ACTIVE_COST_OVERHEAD * time_s)
+        return (
+            container_energy +
+            self.get_idle_energy(time_s, n_frames, n_boards, n_chips) +
+            self._get_router_active_energy(router_packets) +
+            self._get_core_active_energy(chip_active_time))
+
     def __eq__(self, other):
         return isinstance(other, Version5)
diff --git a/spinn_machine/version/version_spin1.py b/spinn_machine/version/version_spin1.py
index ab0077a8..53566bac 100644
--- a/spinn_machine/version/version_spin1.py
+++ b/spinn_machine/version/version_spin1.py
@@ -12,13 +12,14 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from typing import List, Iterable, Tuple
+from typing import List, Iterable, Tuple, Final
 from spinn_utilities.abstract_base import AbstractBase
 from spinn_utilities.exceptions import ConfigException
 from spinn_utilities.overrides import overrides
 
 from spinn_machine.exceptions import SpinnMachineException
-from .abstract_version import AbstractVersion
+from .abstract_version import (
+    AbstractVersion, RouterPackets, ChipActiveTime)
 
 
 class VersionSpin1(AbstractVersion, metaclass=AbstractBase):
@@ -27,6 +28,42 @@ class VersionSpin1(AbstractVersion, metaclass=AbstractBase):
     Shared code for all Spin1 board versions
     """
 
+    #: From Optimising the overall power usage on the SpiNNaker neuromimetic
+    #: platform - all chips on a 48-chip board together use 5.23 + 5.17 + 5.52W
+    #: + SDRAM of 0.90W = 16.82W when idle, so each chip use 0.35W
+    WATTS_PER_IDLE_CHIP: Final = 0.35
+
+    #: From measuring the power of all 48 chips on a boxed board with all cores
+    #: idle for 1 hour and 806 cores active for 1 hour we get 31.88W idle and
+    #: 59.38W active, so 27.50W active overhead, which is 0.034W per core
+    WATTS_PER_CORE_ACTIVE_OVERHEAD: Final = 0.034
+
+    #: stated in papers (SpiNNaker: A 1-W 18 core system-on-Chip for
+    #: Massively-Parallel Neural Network Simulation)
+    #: 25pJ per bit
+    JOULES_PER_ROUTER_BIT = 0.000000000025
+
+    #: stated in papers (SpiNNaker: A 1-W 18 core system-on-Chip for
+    #: Massively-Parallel Neural Network Simulation)
+    #: 25pJ per bit - spike packets are 40 bits so 1nJ per spike
+    JOULES_PER_PACKET: Final = JOULES_PER_ROUTER_BIT * 40
+
+    #: As above, but with extra 32-bits
+    JOULES_PER_PACKET_WITH_PAYLOAD: Final = JOULES_PER_ROUTER_BIT * 72
+
+    #: Cost of each packet type
+    COST_PER_PACKET_TYPE = {
+        "Local_Multicast_Packets": JOULES_PER_PACKET,
+        "External_Multicast_Packets": JOULES_PER_PACKET,
+        "Reinjected": JOULES_PER_PACKET,
+        "Local_P2P_Packets": JOULES_PER_PACKET_WITH_PAYLOAD,
+        "External_P2P_Packets": JOULES_PER_PACKET_WITH_PAYLOAD,
+        "Local_NN_Packets": JOULES_PER_PACKET,
+        "External_NN_Packets": JOULES_PER_PACKET,
+        "Local_FR_Packets": JOULES_PER_PACKET_WITH_PAYLOAD,
+        "External_FR_Packets": JOULES_PER_PACKET_WITH_PAYLOAD
+    }
+
     __slots__ = ()
 
     def __init__(self) -> None:
@@ -73,3 +110,22 @@ def id_to_qx_qy_qp(self, core_id: int) -> Tuple[int, int, int]:
     def version_parse_cores_string(self, core_string: str) -> Iterable[int]:
         raise ConfigException(
             f"{core_string} does not represent cores for Version 1 boards")
+
+    @overrides(AbstractVersion.get_router_report_packet_types)
+    def get_router_report_packet_types(self) -> List[str]:
+        return list(self.COST_PER_PACKET_TYPE.keys())
+
+    def _get_router_active_energy(
+            self, router_packets: RouterPackets) -> float:
+        return sum(
+            value * self.COST_PER_PACKET_TYPE[name]
+            for packets in router_packets.values()
+            for name, value in packets.items())
+
+    def _get_core_active_energy(
+            self, core_active_times: ChipActiveTime) -> float:
+        # TODO: treat cores that are active sometimes differently to cores that
+        # are always idle
+        return sum(
+            time * self.WATTS_PER_CORE_ACTIVE_OVERHEAD
+            for time, _n_cores in core_active_times.values())
diff --git a/spinn_machine/version/version_spin2.py b/spinn_machine/version/version_spin2.py
index 709ca76d..6a4cdb95 100644
--- a/spinn_machine/version/version_spin2.py
+++ b/spinn_machine/version/version_spin2.py
@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@
 from spinn_utilities.exceptions import ConfigException
 from spinn_utilities.overrides import overrides
 
-from .abstract_version import AbstractVersion
+from .abstract_version import (
+    AbstractVersion, ChipActiveTime, RouterPackets)
 
 CHIPS_PER_BOARD: Final = {(0, 0): 152}
 CORE_QX_QY_QP = re.compile(r"(\d)\.(\d)\.(\d)")
@@ -126,3 +127,23 @@ def version_parse_cores_string(self, core_string: str) -> Iterable[int]:
 
         raise ConfigException(
             f"{core_string} does not represent cores for Version 2 boards")
+
+    @overrides(AbstractVersion.get_idle_energy)
+    def get_idle_energy(
+            self, time_s: float, n_frames: int, n_boards: int,
+            n_chips: int) -> float:
+        # TODO: Work this out for SpiNNaker 2
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @overrides(AbstractVersion.get_active_energy)
+    def get_active_energy(
+            self, time_s: float, n_frames: int, n_boards: int, n_chips: int,
+            chip_active_time: ChipActiveTime,
+            router_packets: RouterPackets) -> float:
+        # TODO: Work this out for SpiNNaker 2
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @overrides(AbstractVersion.get_router_report_packet_types)
+    def get_router_report_packet_types(self) -> List[str]:
+        # TODO: Work this out for SpiNNaker 2
+        raise NotImplementedError