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cs-parse-traffic.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python
from __future__ import print_function
__description__ = 'Analyze Cobalt Strike HTTP/DNS beacon traffic'
__author__ = 'Didier Stevens'
__version__ = '0.0.4'
__date__ = '2021/12/12'
"""
Source code put in the public domain by Didier Stevens, no Copyright
https://DidierStevens.com
Use at your own risk
History:
2021/04/17: start
2021/04/18: continue
2021/04/19: added option -r
2021/04/20: added option -Y; continue
2021/04/22: continue
2021/04/23: continue
2021/04/24: continue
2021/10/07: updated missing modules logic
2021/10/17: 0.0.2 added option -i; -r unknown and -k unknown
2021/10/28: handle fake gzip
2021/10/30: continue instructions processing
2021/10/31: added request methods
2021/11/01: refactoring instructions processing
2021/11/05: refactoring instructions processing
2021/11/17: 0.0.3 refactoring crypto & parser
2021/11/20: added constants from https://github.com/verctor/Cobalt_Homework/blob/master/scripts/define.py
2021/11/26: merging HTTP and DNS
2021/12/12: 0.0.4 bugfix HMAC invalid; extra constants https://github.com/DidierStevens/Beta/issues/5
Todo:
add support for non-default DNS labels
"""
import optparse
import glob
import collections
import time
import sys
import textwrap
import os
import binascii
import struct
import hashlib
import hmac
import base64
try:
import pyshark
except ImportError:
print('pyshark module required: pip install pyshark')
exit(-1)
try:
import Crypto.Cipher.AES
except ImportError:
print('Crypto.Cipher.AES module required: pip install pycryptodome')
exit(-1)
def PrintManual():
manual = '''
Manual:
This tool can decode (and decrypt if encrypted) Cobalt Strike network traffic.
For HTTP and DNS beacons. HTTPS works too provided the TLS traffic is decrypted.
# https://github.com/nccgroup/pybeacon
'''
for line in manual.split('\n'):
print(textwrap.fill(line))
class cOutput():
def __init__(self, filenameOption=None):
self.starttime = time.time()
self.filenameOption = filenameOption
self.separateFiles = False
self.progress = False
self.console = False
self.fOut = None
self.rootFilenames = {}
if self.filenameOption:
if self.ParseHash(self.filenameOption):
if not self.separateFiles and self.filename != '':
self.fOut = open(self.filename, 'w')
elif self.filenameOption != '':
self.fOut = open(self.filenameOption, 'w')
self.dReplacements = {}
def Replace(self, line):
for key, value in self.dReplacements.items():
line = line.replace(key, value)
return line
def ParseHash(self, option):
if option.startswith('#'):
position = self.filenameOption.find('#', 1)
if position > 1:
switches = self.filenameOption[1:position]
self.filename = self.filenameOption[position + 1:]
for switch in switches:
if switch == 's':
self.separateFiles = True
elif switch == 'p':
self.progress = True
elif switch == 'c':
self.console = True
elif switch == 'l':
pass
elif switch == 'g':
if self.filename != '':
extra = self.filename + '-'
else:
extra = ''
self.filename = '%s-%s%s.txt' % (os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]))[0], extra, self.FormatTime())
else:
return False
return True
return False
@staticmethod
def FormatTime(epoch=None):
if epoch == None:
epoch = time.time()
return '%04d%02d%02d-%02d%02d%02d' % time.localtime(epoch)[0:6]
def RootUnique(self, root):
if not root in self.rootFilenames:
self.rootFilenames[root] = None
return root
iter = 1
while True:
newroot = '%s_%04d' % (root, iter)
if not newroot in self.rootFilenames:
self.rootFilenames[newroot] = None
return newroot
iter += 1
def Line(self, line, eol='\n'):
line = self.Replace(line)
if self.fOut == None or self.console:
try:
print(line, end=eol)
except UnicodeEncodeError:
encoding = sys.stdout.encoding
print(line.encode(encoding, errors='backslashreplace').decode(encoding), end=eol)
# sys.stdout.flush()
if self.fOut != None:
self.fOut.write(line + '\n')
self.fOut.flush()
def LineTimestamped(self, line):
self.Line('%s: %s' % (self.FormatTime(), line))
def Filename(self, filename, index, total):
self.separateFilename = filename
if self.progress:
if index == 0:
eta = ''
else:
seconds = int(float((time.time() - self.starttime) / float(index)) * float(total - index))
eta = 'estimation %d seconds left, finished %s ' % (seconds, self.FormatTime(time.time() + seconds))
PrintError('%d/%d %s%s' % (index + 1, total, eta, self.separateFilename))
if self.separateFiles and self.filename != '':
oFilenameVariables = cVariables()
oFilenameVariables.SetVariable('f', self.separateFilename)
basename = os.path.basename(self.separateFilename)
oFilenameVariables.SetVariable('b', basename)
oFilenameVariables.SetVariable('d', os.path.dirname(self.separateFilename))
root, extension = os.path.splitext(basename)
oFilenameVariables.SetVariable('r', root)
oFilenameVariables.SetVariable('ru', self.RootUnique(root))
oFilenameVariables.SetVariable('e', extension)
self.Close()
self.fOut = open(oFilenameVariables.Instantiate(self.filename), 'w')
def Close(self):
if self.fOut != None:
self.fOut.close()
self.fOut = None
def InstantiateCOutput(options):
filenameOption = None
if options.output != '':
filenameOption = options.output
return cOutput(filenameOption)
class cCrypto(object):
CS_FIXED_IV = b'abcdefghijklmnop'
def __init__(self, rawkey='', hmacaeskeys=''):
self.rawkey = rawkey
self.hmacaeskeys = hmacaeskeys
if self.rawkey != '' and self.rawkey != 'unknown':
sha256digest = hashlib.sha256(binascii.a2b_hex(self.rawkey)).digest()
self.hmackey = sha256digest[16:]
self.aeskey = sha256digest[:16]
elif self.hmacaeskeys != '' and self.hmacaeskeys != 'unknown':
self.hmackey = binascii.a2b_hex(self.hmacaeskeys.split(':')[0])
self.aeskey = binascii.a2b_hex(self.hmacaeskeys.split(':')[1])
else:
self.hmackey = None
self.aeskey = None
def Decrypt(self, data):
if self.aeskey == None:
return data
encryptedData = data[:-16]
hmacSignatureMessage = data[-16:]
hmacsSgnatureCalculated = hmac.new(self.hmackey, encryptedData, hashlib.sha256).digest()[:16]
if hmacSignatureMessage != hmacsSgnatureCalculated:
raise Exception('HMAC signature invalid')
cypher = Crypto.Cipher.AES.new(self.aeskey, Crypto.Cipher.AES.MODE_CBC, __class__.CS_FIXED_IV)
decryptedData = cypher.decrypt(encryptedData)
return decryptedData
def Encrypt(self, data):
cypher = Crypto.Cipher.AES.new(self.aeskey, Crypto.Cipher.AES.MODE_CBC, __class__.CS_FIXED_IV)
encryptedData = cypher.encrypt(data)
hmacsSgnatureCalculated = hmac.new(self.hmackey, encryptedData, hashlib.sha256).digest()[:16]
return encryptedData + hmacsSgnatureCalculated
class cStruct(object):
def __init__(self, data):
self.data = data
self.originaldata = data
def Unpack(self, format):
formatsize = struct.calcsize(format)
if len(self.data) < formatsize:
raise Exception('Not enough data')
tounpack = self.data[:formatsize]
self.data = self.data[formatsize:]
result = struct.unpack(format, tounpack)
if len(result) == 1:
return result[0]
else:
return result
def Truncate(self, length):
self.data = self.data[:length]
def GetBytes(self, length=None):
if length == None:
length = len(self.data)
result = self.data[:length]
self.data = self.data[length:]
return result
def GetString(self, format):
stringLength = self.Unpack(format)
return self.GetBytes(stringLength)
def Length(self):
return len(self.data)
class cCSInstructions(object):
CS_INSTRUCTION_TYPE_INPUT = 'Input'
CS_INSTRUCTION_TYPE_OUTPUT = 'Output'
CS_INSTRUCTION_TYPE_METADATA = 'Metadata'
CS_INSTRUCTION_TYPE_SESSIONID = 'SessionId'
CS_INSTRUCTION_NONE = 0
CS_INSTRUCTION_APPEND = 1
CS_INSTRUCTION_PREPEND = 2
CS_INSTRUCTION_BASE64 = 3
CS_INSTRUCTION_PRINT = 4
CS_INSTRUCTION_PARAMETER = 5
CS_INSTRUCTION_HEADER = 6
CS_INSTRUCTION_BUILD = 7
CS_INSTRUCTION_NETBIOS = 8
CS_INSTRUCTION_CONST_PARAMETER = 9
CS_INSTRUCTION_CONST_HEADER = 10
CS_INSTRUCTION_NETBIOSU = 11
CS_INSTRUCTION_URI_APPEND = 12
CS_INSTRUCTION_BASE64URL = 13
CS_INSTRUCTION_STRREP = 14
CS_INSTRUCTION_MASK = 15
CS_INSTRUCTION_CONST_HOST_HEADER = 16
def __init__(self, instructionType, instructions):
self.instructionType = instructionType
self.instructions = instructions
@staticmethod
def StartsWithGetRemainder(strIn, strStart):
if strIn.startswith(strStart):
return True, strIn[len(strStart):]
else:
return False, None
@staticmethod
def BASE64URLDecode(data):
paddingLength = 4 - len(data) % 4
if paddingLength <= 2:
data += b'=' * paddingLength
return base64.b64decode(data, b'-_')
@staticmethod
def NETBIOSDecode(netbios):
dTranslate = {
ord(b'A'): ord(b'0'),
ord(b'B'): ord(b'1'),
ord(b'C'): ord(b'2'),
ord(b'D'): ord(b'3'),
ord(b'E'): ord(b'4'),
ord(b'F'): ord(b'5'),
ord(b'G'): ord(b'6'),
ord(b'H'): ord(b'7'),
ord(b'I'): ord(b'8'),
ord(b'J'): ord(b'9'),
ord(b'K'): ord(b'A'),
ord(b'L'): ord(b'B'),
ord(b'M'): ord(b'C'),
ord(b'N'): ord(b'D'),
ord(b'O'): ord(b'E'),
ord(b'P'): ord(b'F'),
}
return binascii.a2b_hex(bytes([dTranslate[char] for char in netbios]))
def GetInstructions(self):
for result in self.instructions.split(';'):
match, remainder = __class__.StartsWithGetRemainder(result, '7:%s,' % self.instructionType)
if match:
if self.instructionType in [__class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_TYPE_OUTPUT, __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_TYPE_METADATA]:
return ','.join(remainder.split(',')[::-1])
else:
return remainder
return ''
def ProcessInstructions(self, rawdata):
instructions = self.GetInstructions()
if instructions == '':
instructions = []
else:
instructions = [instruction for instruction in instructions.split(',')]
data = rawdata
for instruction in instructions:
instruction = instruction.split(':')
opcode = int(instruction[0])
operands = instruction[1:]
if opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_NONE:
pass
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_APPEND:
if self.instructionType == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_TYPE_METADATA:
data = data[:-len(operands[0])]
else:
data = data[:-int(operands[0])]
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_PREPEND:
if self.instructionType == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_TYPE_METADATA:
data = data[len(operands[0]):]
else:
data = data[int(operands[0]):]
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_BASE64:
data = binascii.a2b_base64(data)
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_PRINT:
pass
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_PARAMETER:
pass
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_HEADER:
pass
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_BUILD:
pass
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_NETBIOS:
data = __class__.NETBIOSDecode(data.upper())
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_CONST_PARAMETER:
pass
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_CONST_HEADER:
pass
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_NETBIOSU:
data = __class__.NETBIOSDecode(data)
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_URI_APPEND:
pass
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_BASE64URL:
data = __class__.BASE64URLDecode(data)
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_STRREP:
data = data.replace(operands[0], operands[1])
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_MASK:
xorkey = data[0:4]
ciphertext = data[4:]
data = []
for iter, value in enumerate(ciphertext):
data.append(value ^ xorkey[iter % 4])
data = bytes(data)
elif opcode == __class__.CS_INSTRUCTION_CONST_HOST_HEADER:
pass
else:
raise Exception('Unknown instruction opcode: %d' % opcode)
return data
class cCSParser(object):
BEACON_COMMAND_SLEEP = 4
BEACON_COMMAND_DATA_JITTER = 6
BEACON_COMMAND_RUN = 78
BEACON_COMMANDS = {
BEACON_COMMAND_SLEEP: 'SLEEP',
BEACON_COMMAND_DATA_JITTER: 'DATA_JITTER',
11: 'DOWNLOAD_START',
32: 'LIST_PROCESSES',
3: 'EXIT',
5: 'CD',
8: 'CHECKIN',
11: 'DOWNLOAD',
12: 'EXECUTE',
13: 'Tasked beacon to spawn features to default process',
27: 'GETUID',
28: 'REVERT_TOKEN',
33: 'KILL',
39: 'PWD',
41: 'JOBS',
48: 'IP_CONFIG',
53: 'LIST_FILES',
54: 'MKDIR',
55: 'DRIVES',
56: 'RM',
72: 'SETENV',
73: 'CP',
74: 'MV',
77: 'GETPRIVS',
BEACON_COMMAND_RUN: 'RUN',
80: 'DLLLOAD',
85: 'ARGUE',
95: 'GETSYSTEM',
}
BEACON_OUTPUT = {
1: 'OUTPUT_KEYSTROKES',
2: 'DOWNLOAD_START',
3: 'OUTPUT_SCREENSHOT',
4: 'SOCKS_DIE',
5: 'SOCKS_WRITE',
6: 'SOCKS_RESUME',
7: 'SOCKS_PORTFWD',
8: 'DOWNLOAD_WRITE',
9: 'DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE',
10: 'BEACON_LINK',
11: 'DEAD_PIPE',
12: 'BEACON_CHECKIN', # maybe?
13: 'BEACON_ERROR',
14: 'PIPES_REGISTER', # unsure?
15: 'BEACON_IMPERSONATED',
16: 'BEACON_GETUID',
17: 'BEACON_OUTPUT_PS',
18: 'ERROR_CLOCK_SKEW',
19: 'BEACON_GETCWD',
20: 'BEACON_OUTPUT_JOBS',
21: 'BEACON_OUTPUT_HASHES',
22: 'TODO', # find out
23: 'SOCKS_ACCEPT',
24: 'BEACON_OUTPUT_NET',
25: 'BEACON_OUTPUT_PORTSCAN',
26: 'BEACON_EXIT',
}
verctor_command = {
'COMMAND_SPAWN' : 1,
'COMMAND_SHELL' : 2,
'COMMAND_DIE' : 3,
'COMMAND_SLEEP' : 4,
'COMMAND_CD' : 5,
# 'COMMAND_KEYLOG_START' : 6,
'COMMAND_KEYLOG_STOP' : 7,
'COMMAND_CHECKIN': 8,
'COMMAND_INJECT_PID' : 9,
'COMMAND_UPLOAD' : 10,
'COMMAND_DOWNLOAD': 11,
'COMMAND_EXECUTE': 12,
'COMMAND_SPAWN_PROC_X86' : 13,
'COMMAND_PROXYLISTENER_CONNECTMESSAGE' : 14,
'COMMAND_PROXYLISTENER_WRITEMESSAGE' : 15,
'COMMAND_PROXYLISTENER_CLOSEMESSAGE' : 16,
'COMMAND_PROXYLISTENER_LISTENMESSAGE' : 17,
'COMMAND_INJECT_PING' : 18,
'COMMAND_DOWNLOAD_CANCEL': 19,
'COMMAND_FORWARD_PIPE_DATA': 22,
'COMMAND_UNLINK': 23,
'COMMAND_PIPE_PONG': 24,
'COMMAND_GET_SYSTEM': 25,
'COMMAND_GETUID': 27,
'COMMAND_REV2SELF': 28,
'COMMAND_TIMESTOMP': 29,
'COMMAND_STEALTOKEN': 31,
'COMMAND_PS': 32,
'COMMAND_KILL': 33,
'COMMAND_KerberosTicketUse': 34,
'COMMAND_Kerberos_Ticket_Purge': 35,
'COMMAND_POWERSHELL_IMPORT': 37,
'COMMAND_RUNAS': 38,
'COMMAND_PWD': 39,
'COMMAND_JOB_REGISTER' : 40,
'COMMAND_JOBS': 41,
'COMMAND_JOB_KILL': 42,
'COMMAND_INJECTX64_PID' : 43,
'COMMAND_SPAWNX64' : 44,
'COMMAND_VNC_INJECT': 45,
'COMMAND_VNC_INJECT_X64': 46,
'COMMAND_PAUSE': 47,
'COMMAND_IPCONFIG': 48,
'COMMAND_MAKE_TOKEN': 49,
'COMMAND_PORT_FORWARD': 50,
'COMMAND_PORT_FORWARD_STOP': 51,
'COMMAND_BIND_STAGE': 52,
'COMMAND_LS': 53,
'COMMAND_MKDIR': 54,
'COMMAND_DRIVERS': 55,
'COMMAND_RM': 56,
'COMMAND_STAGE_REMOTE_SMB': 57,
'COMMAND_START_SERVICE': 58, # not sure
'COMMAND_HTTPHOSTSTRING': 59,
'COMMAND_OPEN_PIPE': 60,
'COMMAND_CLOSE_PIPE': 61,
'COMMAND_JOB_REGISTER_IMPERSONATE' : 62,
'COMMAND_SPAWN_POWERSHELLX86' : 63,
'COMMAND_SPAWN_POWERSHELLX64' : 64,
'COMMAND_INJECT_POWERSHELLX86_PID' : 65,
'COMMAND_INJECT_POWERSHELLX64_PID' : 66,
'COMMAND_UPLOAD_CONTINUE' : 67,
'COMMAND_PIPE_OPEN_EXPLICIT' : 68,
'COMMAND_SPAWN_PROC_X64' : 69,
'COMMAND_JOB_SPAWN_X86' : 70,
'COMMAND_JOB_SPAWN_X64' : 71,
'COMMAND_SETENV' : 72,
'COMMAND_FILE_COPY' : 73,
'COMMAND_FILE_MOVE' : 74,
'COMMAND_PPID' : 75,
'COMMAND_RUN_UNDER_PID' : 76,
'COMMAND_GETPRIVS' : 77,
'COMMAND_EXECUTE_JOB' : 78,
'COMMAND_PSH_HOST_TCP' : 79,
'COMMAND_DLL_LOAD' : 80,
'COMMAND_REG_QUERY' : 81,
'COMMAND_LSOCKET_TCPPIVOT' : 82,
'COMMAND_ARGUE_ADD' : 83,
'COMMAND_ARGUE_REMOVE' : 84,
'COMMAND_ARGUE_LIST' : 85,
'COMMAND_TCP_CONNECT' : 86,
'COMMAND_JOB_SPAWN_TOKEN_X86' : 87,
'COMMAND_JOB_SPAWN_TOKEN_X64' : 88,
'COMMAND_SPAWN_TOKEN_X86' : 89,
'COMMAND_SPAWN_TOKEN_X64' : 90,
'COMMAND_INJECTX64_PING' : 91,
'COMMAND_BLOCKDLLS' : 92,
'COMMAND_SPAWNAS_X86' : 93,
'COMMAND_SPAWNAS_X64' : 94,
'COMMAND_INLINE_EXECUTE' : 95,
'COMMAND_RUN_INJECT_X86' : 96,
'COMMAND_RUN_INJECT_X64' : 97,
'COMMAND_SPAWNU_X86' : 98,
'COMMAND_SPAWNU_X64' : 99,
'COMMAND_INLINE_EXECUTE_OBJECT' : 100,
'COMMAND_JOB_REGISTER_MSGMODE' : 101,
'COMMAND_LSOCKET_BIND_LOCALHOST' : 102,
}
verctor_result = {
'CALLBACK_OUTPUT' : 0,
'CALLBACK_KEYSTROKES' : 1,
'CALLBACK_FILE' : 2,
'CALLBACK_SCREENSHOT' : 3,
'CALLBACK_CLOSE' : 4,
'CALLBACK_READ' : 5,
'CALLBACK_CONNECT' : 6,
'CALLBACK_PING' : 7,
'CALLBACK_FILE_WRITE' : 8,
'CALLBACK_FILE_CLOSE' : 9,
'CALLBACK_PIPE_OPEN' : 10,
'CALLBACK_PIPE_CLOSE' : 11,
'CALLBACK_PIPE_READ' : 12,
'CALLBACK_POST_ERROR' : 13,
'CALLBACK_PIPE_PING' : 14,
'CALLBACK_TOKEN_STOLEN' : 15,
'CALLBACK_TOKEN_GETUID' : 16,
'CALLBACK_PROCESS_LIST' : 17,
'CALLBACK_POST_REPLAY_ERROR' : 18,
'CALLBACK_PWD' : 19,
'CALLBACK_JOBS' : 20,
'CALLBACK_HASHDUMP' : 21,
'CALLBACK_PENDING' : 22,
'CALLBACK_ACCEPT' : 23,
'CALLBACK_NETVIEW' : 24,
'CALLBACK_PORTSCAN' : 25,
'CALLBACK_DEAD' : 26,
'CALLBACK_SSH_STATUS' : 27,
'CALLBACK_CHUNK_ALLOCATE' : 28,
'CALLBACK_CHUNK_SEND' : 29,
'CALLBACK_OUTPUT_OEM' : 30,
'CALLBACK_ERROR' : 31,
'CALLBACK_OUTPUT_UTF8' : 32
}
def __init__(self, rawkey, hmacaeskeys, hexadecimal, postdataIsMultipartFormat, transform, extract, oOutput):
self.rawkey = rawkey
self.hmacaeskeys = hmacaeskeys
self.hexadecimal = hexadecimal
self.postdataIsMultipartFormat = postdataIsMultipartFormat
self.transform = transform
self.extract = extract
self.oOutput = oOutput
self.dCommandsSummary = {}
self.dCallbacksSummary = {}
if rawkey == '':
self.oCrypto = cCrypto(hmacaeskeys=hmacaeskeys)
else:
self.oCrypto = cCrypto(rawkey=rawkey)
for key, value in __class__.verctor_command.items():
__class__.BEACON_COMMANDS[value] = key
for key, value in __class__.verctor_result.items():
__class__.BEACON_OUTPUT[value] = key
@staticmethod
def FormatTime(epoch=None):
if epoch == None:
epoch = time.time()
return '%04d%02d%02d-%02d%02d%02d' % time.gmtime(epoch)[0:6]
def LookupCommand(self, commandID):
return self.BEACON_COMMANDS.get(commandID, 'UNKNOWN')
def LookupCallback(self, callbackID):
return self.BEACON_OUTPUT.get(callbackID, 'UNKNOWN')
def ExtractPayload(self, data):
if self.extract:
with open('payload-%s.vir' % hashlib.md5(data).hexdigest(), 'wb') as fWrite:
fWrite.write(data)
def ProcessPostPacketDataSub(self, data):
try:
oStructData = cStruct(self.oCrypto.Decrypt(data))
except Exception as e:
if e.args != ('HMAC signature invalid',):
raise
self.oOutput.Line('HMAC signature invalid')
self.oOutput.Line('')
return
counter = oStructData.Unpack('>I')
self.oOutput.Line('Counter: %d' % counter)
oStructCallbackdata = cStruct(oStructData.GetString('>I'))
callback = oStructCallbackdata.Unpack('>I')
callbackdata = oStructCallbackdata.GetBytes()
oStructCallbackdataToParse = cStruct(callbackdata)
self.oOutput.Line('Callback: %d %s' % (callback, self.LookupCallback(callback)))
self.dCallbacksSummary[callback] = self.dCallbacksSummary.get(callback, 0) + 1
if callback in [0, 25]:
self.oOutput.Line('-' * 100)
self.oOutput.Line(callbackdata.decode())
self.oOutput.Line('-' * 100)
elif callback == 22:
self.oOutput.Line(repr(callbackdata[:4]))
self.oOutput.Line('-' * 100)
self.oOutput.Line(callbackdata[4:].decode('latin'))
self.oOutput.Line('-' * 100)
elif callback == 2:
parameter1, length = oStructCallbackdataToParse.Unpack('>II')
filenameDownload = oStructCallbackdataToParse.GetBytes()
self.oOutput.Line(' parameter1: %d' % parameter1)
self.oOutput.Line(' length: %d' % length)
self.oOutput.Line(' filenameDownload: %s' % filenameDownload.decode())
elif callback in [17, 30, 32]:
self.oOutput.Line(callbackdata.decode())
elif callback in [3, 8]:
self.oOutput.Line(' Length: %d' % len(callbackdata[4:]))
self.oOutput.Line(' MD5: ' + hashlib.md5(callbackdata[4:]).hexdigest())
self.ExtractPayload(callbackdata[4:])
else:
self.oOutput.Line(repr(callbackdata))
extradata = oStructData.GetBytes()[:-16] # drop hmac
if len(extradata) > 0:
self.oOutput.Line('Extra packet data: %s' % repr(extradata))
self.oOutput.Line('')
def ProcessPostPacketData(self, hexdata):
if self.hexadecimal:
rawdata = binascii.a2b_hex(hexdata)
else:
rawdata = hexdata
self.oOutput.Line('Length raw data: %s' % len(rawdata))
rawdata = cCSInstructions(cCSInstructions.CS_INSTRUCTION_TYPE_OUTPUT, self.transform).ProcessInstructions(rawdata)
if rawdata == b'':
self.oOutput.Line('No data')
self.oOutput.Line('')
return
if self.rawkey == 'unknown' or self.hmacaeskeys == 'unknown':
self.oOutput.Line(binascii.b2a_hex(rawdata).decode())
self.oOutput.Line('')
return
if self.postdataIsMultipartFormat:
oStructData = cStruct(rawdata)
while oStructData.Length() > 0:
self.ProcessPostPacketDataSub(oStructData.GetString('>I'))
else:
self.ProcessPostPacketDataSub(rawdata)
def ProcessReplyPacketData(self, hexdata):
if self.hexadecimal:
rawdata = binascii.a2b_hex(hexdata)
else:
rawdata = hexdata
self.oOutput.Line('Length raw data: %s' % len(rawdata))
rawdata = cCSInstructions(cCSInstructions.CS_INSTRUCTION_TYPE_INPUT, self.transform).ProcessInstructions(rawdata)
if rawdata == b'':
self.oOutput.Line('No data')
self.oOutput.Line('')
return
if self.rawkey == 'unknown' or self.hmacaeskeys == 'unknown':
self.oOutput.Line(binascii.b2a_hex(rawdata).decode())
self.oOutput.Line('')
return
try:
data = self.oCrypto.Decrypt(rawdata)
except Exception as e:
if e.args != ('HMAC signature invalid',):
raise
self.oOutput.Line('HMAC signature invalid')
self.oOutput.Line('')
return
if data == b'':
self.oOutput.Line('No data')
elif data.startswith(b'MZ'):
self.oOutput.Line('MZ payload detected')
self.oOutput.Line(' MD5: ' + hashlib.md5(data).hexdigest())
self.ExtractPayload(data)
else:
oStructData = cStruct(data)
timestamp, datasize = oStructData.Unpack('>II')
self.oOutput.Line('Timestamp: %d %s' % (timestamp, self.FormatTime(timestamp)))
self.oOutput.Line('Data size: %d' % datasize)
oStructData.Truncate(datasize)
while oStructData.Length() > 0:
command, argslen = oStructData.Unpack('>II')
self.dCommandsSummary[command] = self.dCommandsSummary.get(command, 0) + 1
self.oOutput.Line('Command: %d %s' % (command, self.LookupCommand(command)))
if command == __class__.BEACON_COMMAND_SLEEP:
sleep, jitter = oStructData.Unpack('>II')
self.oOutput.Line(' Sleep: %d' % sleep)
self.oOutput.Line(' Jitter: %d' % jitter)
elif command == __class__.BEACON_COMMAND_DATA_JITTER:
self.oOutput.Line(' Length random data = %d' % argslen)
payload = oStructData.GetBytes(argslen)
elif command == __class__.BEACON_COMMAND_RUN:
self.oOutput.Line(' Command: %s' % oStructData.GetString('>I'))
self.oOutput.Line(' Arguments: %s' % oStructData.GetString('>I'))
self.oOutput.Line(' Integer: %d' % oStructData.Unpack('>H'))
else:
self.oOutput.Line(' Arguments length: %d' % argslen)
if argslen > 0:
if command in [40, 62]:
oStructCommand = cStruct(oStructData.GetBytes(argslen))
self.oOutput.Line(' Unknown1: %d' % oStructCommand.Unpack('>I'))
self.oOutput.Line(' Unknown2: %d' % oStructCommand.Unpack('>I'))
self.oOutput.Line(' Pipename: %s' % oStructCommand.GetString('>I'))
self.oOutput.Line(' Command: %s' % oStructCommand.GetString('>I'))
self.oOutput.Line(' ' + repr(oStructCommand.GetBytes()))
else:
payload = oStructData.GetBytes(argslen)
self.oOutput.Line(' ' + repr(payload[:argslen])[:100])
self.oOutput.Line(' MD5: ' + hashlib.md5(payload).hexdigest())
self.ExtractPayload(payload)
self.oOutput.Line('')
def AnalyzeCaptureHTTP(filename, options):
oOutput = InstantiateCOutput(options)
oCSParser = cCSParser(options.rawkey, options.hmacaeskeys, True, True, options.transform, options.extract, oOutput)
dMethods = {}
capture = pyshark.FileCapture(filename, display_filter=options.displayfilter, use_json=True, include_raw=True)
for packet in capture:
if not hasattr(packet, 'http'):
continue
if hasattr(packet.http, 'request') and packet.http.has_field('1\\r\\n'): # this is a bug in PyShark, should be fieldname request
dMethods[packet.number] = packet.http.get_field('1\\r\\n').method
data_raw = None
if hasattr(packet.http, 'file_data_raw'):
data_raw = packet.http.file_data_raw
elif hasattr(packet.http, 'content-encoded_entity_body_(gzip)'):
data_raw = getattr(packet.http, 'content-encoded_entity_body_(gzip)').data.data_raw
else:
continue
if hasattr(packet.http, 'response'):
oOutput.Line('Packet number: %d' % packet.number)
if hasattr(packet.http, 'request_in') and len(packet.http.request_in.fields) > 0:
requestPacket = packet.http.request_in.fields[0].int_value
oOutput.Line('HTTP response (for request %d %s)' % (requestPacket, dMethods.get(requestPacket, '')))
else:
oOutput.Line('HTTP response')
oCSParser.ProcessReplyPacketData(data_raw[0])
if hasattr(packet.http, 'request'):
oOutput.Line('Packet number: %d' % packet.number)
oOutput.Line('HTTP request %s' % dMethods.get(packet.number, ''))
oOutput.Line(packet.http.full_uri)
oCSParser.ProcessPostPacketData(data_raw[0])
capture.close()
if len(oCSParser.dCommandsSummary) > 0:
oOutput.Line('Commands summary:')
for command, counter in sorted(oCSParser.dCommandsSummary.items()):
oOutput.Line(' %d %s: %d' % (command, oCSParser.LookupCommand(command), counter))
oOutput.Line('')
if len(oCSParser.dCallbacksSummary) > 0:
oOutput.Line('Callbacks summary:')
for callback, counter in sorted(oCSParser.dCallbacksSummary.items()):
oOutput.Line(' %d %s: %d' % (callback, oCSParser.LookupCallback(callback), counter))
def IsNumber(data):
for a in data:
if not a in '0123456789':
return False
return True
def IsHexNumber(data):
for a in data.lower():
if not a in '0123456789abcdef':
return False
return True
def StartsWithGetRemainder(strIn, strStart):
if strIn.startswith(strStart):
return True, strIn[len(strStart):]
else:
return False, None
def EndsWithGetRemainder(strIn, strEnd):
if strIn.endswith(strEnd):
return True, strIn[:-len(strEnd)]
else:
return False, None
def IPv4ToHex(ipv4):
return ''.join(['%02x' % int(number) for number in ipv4.split('.')])
class cParts(object):
def __init__(self, dnsidle=''):
if dnsidle == '':
self.dnsidle = 0
else:
self.dnsidle = int(IPv4ToHex(dnsidle), 16)
self.Init()
def Init(self):
self.dParts = {}
self.size = None
self.identifier = None
def Add(self, counter, value):
if counter.startswith('0'):
self.identifier = counter[1:]
self.size = int(self.Convert1(value), 16) ^ self.dnsidle
self.dParts = {}
elif self.identifier == None:
self.Init()
elif counter.endswith(self.identifier):
self.dParts[int(counter, 16)] = value
def Assemble(self):
if self.identifier == None:
return None
numbers = sorted(self.dParts.keys())
data = ''
for number in numbers:
data += ''.join(self.Convert2(self.dParts[number]))
data = self.Convert3(data)
if len(data) == self.size * 2:
return data
else:
return None
class cPartsIPv4(cParts):
@staticmethod
def Convert1(data):
return IPv4ToHex(data)
@staticmethod
def Convert2(data):
return IPv4ToHex(data)
@staticmethod
def Convert3(data):
return data
def IPv6ToHex(ipv6):
return ipaddress.ip_address(ipv6).exploded.replace(':', '')
class cPartsIPv6(cParts):
@staticmethod
def Convert1(data):
return IPv4ToHex(data)
@staticmethod
def Convert2(data):
return IPv6ToHex(data)
@staticmethod
def Convert3(data):
return data
class cPartsTXT(cParts):
@staticmethod
def Convert1(data):
return IPv4ToHex(data)
@staticmethod
def Convert2(data):
return data
@staticmethod
def Convert3(data):
try:
decoded = binascii.a2b_base64(data)
except binascii.Error:
return ''
return binascii.b2a_hex(decoded).decode()
class cPartsLabels(cParts):
@staticmethod
def Convert1(data):
return data[0][1:]
@staticmethod
def Convert2(data):
return ''.join(data)[1:]
@staticmethod
def Convert3(data):
return data
def CheckForBeacon(labels, dBeacons):
for position, label in enumerate(labels):
if label in dBeacons:
return labels[:position]
return None
def AnalyzeCaptureDNS(filename, options):
oOutput = InstantiateCOutput(options)
oCSParser = cCSParser(options.rawkey, options.hmacaeskeys, True, False, '', options.extract, oOutput)
dBeacons = {}
oPartsLabels = cPartsLabels()
oPartsIPv4 = cPartsIPv4(options.dnsidle)
oPartsIPv6 = cPartsIPv6(options.dnsidle)
oPartsTXT = cPartsTXT(options.dnsidle)
dPings = {}
if options.beaconid != '':
dBeacons[options.beaconid.lower()] = 'option'
capture = pyshark.FileCapture(filename, display_filter=options.displayfilter, use_json=True)
for packet in capture:
if not hasattr(packet, 'dns'):
continue
if not hasattr(packet.dns, 'flags'):
continue
linePacket = 'Packet: %s %d' % (packet.sniff_time, packet.number)
if int(packet.dns.flags, 16) & 0x8000 == 0x0000:
if hasattr(packet.dns, 'Queries'):
name = ''
for shortname in packet.dns.Queries.field_names:
fullname = packet.dns.Queries.get_field(shortname).name
if len(fullname) > len(name):
name = fullname
labels = name.split('.')
if IsHexNumber(labels[0]) and int(labels[0], 16) & 0x4B2 == 0x4B2:
oOutput.Line(linePacket)
oOutput.Line('packet.dns.flags: %x' % int(packet.dns.flags, 16))
print('Beacon V4 ping found: %s' % name)
dBeacons[labels[0]] = 'V4'
dPings[packet.number] = True
elif IsNumber(labels[0]):
oOutput.Line(linePacket)
oOutput.Line('packet.dns.flags: %x' % int(packet.dns.flags, 16))
print('Beacon V3 ping found: %s' % name)
dBeacons[labels[0]] = 'V3'
else:
csquery = CheckForBeacon(labels, dBeacons)
if csquery != None:
if csquery == []:
pass
elif csquery[0] == 'www':
oOutput.Line(linePacket)
print('Beacon checkin: %s' % name)
oPartsLabels.Add(csquery[-1], csquery[1:-1])
encryptedMetadata = oPartsLabels.Assemble()