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Chapter review

Terminology

  • Operator and Operation - Operators are symbols that cause an operation, or interaction to happen between two pieces of data. An example operation would be 5 + 5. (5 + 5) * 2 would be two operations.

  • Modulo and Modulus - Modulo is a special type of arithmetic operation between two numbers using a modulus operator. The modulus is represented by a % (percent symbol). Example: 24 % 2 == 0

  • Variable and Value - Variables are names that reference a certain piece of data. The value is what is stored inside the variable: variable = "value"

  • Statement - This is when you do something, like an operation (or group of operations), declare a variable, or invoke a function. For instance, this is a print statement: print("hello")

  • Invoke - Run/call a function.

  • Parameter and Argument - Functions tell you what and how many parameters they have. Arguments are the data that gets passed into those parameters.

  • Boolean - true or false

  • Equality - Whether or not two things are equal. This is usually done with an equal (==) comparison.

  • Loop - Code that repeats.

  • Key and Index - Key is the named reference in a table where data can be found. It is similar to a variable. Index is a key that comes in an ordered sequence, such as numbered keys in a list. The plural of index is indices.

  • Iterate - Loop over a list and do something with it.

  • Scope - An area where variables can be created that aren't accessible from the outside. Scopes are created by functions and loops.

  • Local and Global - Local describes things accessible only in the current scope, such as local variables. Global things are accessible from anywhere in the program.

  • Shadowing - When a local variable has the same name as a variable in a parent scope and prevents you from accessing the parent scope variable.