Konrad Höffner
+Please report website issues at the GitHub Issue Tracker.
Institut für Medizinische Informatik, Statistik und Epidemiologie
+Leipzig University
+Härtelstraße 16-18
+04107 LEIPZIG
+GERMANY
These pages are being maintained by the junior research group Developing a Terminology and Ontology-based Phenotyping Framework (TOP) of the Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE) of the University of Leipzig.
+ +Institut für Medizinische Informatik, Statistik und Epidemiologie
+Universität Leipzig
+Härtelstraße 16-18
+04107 LEIPZIG
+GERMANY
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+ +Universität Leipzig
+ +The junior research group is working on the development of an ontology-based framework for the determination and analysis of phenotypes (phenotyping). +The project is based on the structured medical data of the data integration centres of the Medical Informatics Initiative. +The models and algorithms developed are published in a web portal and made available via standardized interfaces and formats.
+ +The aim of the medical informatics funding concept is to support medical research +and the improvement of patient care through IT solutions. +The exchange and use of data from patient care, clinical and biomedical research across the boundaries of institutions and locations is to be made available. +In this way, the MII will help to ensure that doctors, patients and researchers will in future be able to and efficient access to the information they need. +This can support tailored and personalized diagnosis and treatment decisions, +create new insights for the effective and sustainable fight against diseases and contribute to the continuous improvement of care.
+ +The determination and analysis of phenotypes on the basis of automated evaluation of data +from electronic health records and research databases using suitable IT solutions is key. +For this purpose, so-called phenotype algorithms are being developed, which consist of structured filter criteria and rules +and are used to identify individuals with certain characteristics or derive further characteristics. +The implementation effort of such algorithms in a programming language or statistical software (e.g. SPSS, R) can be very high: +Firstly, established medical terminologies must be integrated and referenced in order to identify relevant characteristics clearly and semantically, +to ensure the comparability of the input data and the results. +Secondly, it must be possible to connect various data sources and define queries in respective query languages. +This can normally only be done by IT specialists, but requires close collaboration with domain experts, who have the relevant specialised knowledge.
+ +With this in mind, the MII junior research group Terminology- and Ontology-based Phenotyping (TOP) has set itself the goal of +implementing an easily accessible ontology-based framework (TOP Framework) for modelling and executing phenotype algorithms and making it available to the community. +The concept is being developed adjacent but not limited to the use cases in focus of the SMITH consortium +and will later be applicable to other use cases of the MII consortia +and comparable projects in the medical field. +The framework will be implemented as a modular web application that combines various software tools and services for algorithmic phenotyping.
+ +The junior research group has developed a modular approach that enables phenotype classes to be modelled ontologically at an abstract level +(Beger et al., Applied Sciences 2022; Uciteli et al., GMS MIBE 2021; +Uciteli et al., JBMS 2020). +Phenotype classes can be used to describe and classify observable characteristics of individuals (e.g. patients and study participants). +This knowledge can be integrated into existing query languages such as SPARQL for RDF- or OWL-based data, +SQL for relational database management systems (RDMS) or HL7 FHIR Search for FHIR systems. +The generated queries can be executed directly within corresponding data sources to search for persons with desired phenotypes. +To connect new data sources, adapters must be implemented that enable the data to be mapped to the phenotype classes +and translate the phenotypic knowledge into the desired query languages. +The most important advantage of this approach is a clear separation between the modelling of expert knowledge +(by medical staff, biometricians, etc., i.e. non-IT specialists) and the implementation of the adapters (by computer scientists). +The semantically or ontologically modelled phenotype algorithms are therefore independent of the structure of the data, query languages and other technical aspects, +while still being able to be executed on different source systems using suitable adapters.
+ +Another module of the framework will support the semantic search and classification of text documents (e.g. doctor’s letters). +The Search Ontology (Uciteli et al., JBMS 2019) method for the specification and generation of search queries is combined +with an approach based on word embeddings for content-related document clustering (formation of sets of similar documents). +The Search Ontology supports efficient and structured management of search terms (i.e. keywords, concept labels, strings) +as well as their linking with the corresponding search concepts (i.e. search terms can be represented by several terms/labels), +which enables a semantic concept-based search. +The generation of word embeddings to extract inherent semantic relations between terms in texts can be done in different ways; +not least as a by-product of current and extremely powerful transformer models (Vaswani et al., Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 2017). +The embeddings - i.e. in simple terms, the mathematical representations of words - +are in turn summarised into concept groups using common clustering methods (Agglomerative, KMeans). +In the next step, these concept clusters are used to generate network representations by applying various algorithms, +which should enable an efficient search for relevant documents.
+ +For the modelling and classification of phenotypes, we have developed the Core Ontology of Phenotypes (COP)
+(Uciteli et al., JBMS 2020).
+We consider phenotypes as individual characteristics, such as the weight of a specific person,
+but also complex (composite or derived) characteristics such as a person’s BMI or SOFA score.
+We call abstract entities that are instantiated by phenotypes phenotype classes.
+We distinguish between atomic (e.g. age, weight, height) and composite phenotypes (e.g. BMI, SOFA score, type 2 diabetes mellitus),
+which consist of additional phenotypes.
+The composite phenotypes are specified by an analysable expression,
+which represents either a phenotype, a constant or a function with any number of arguments.
+For example, the expression of the phenotype BMI can be represented as follows:
+Divide (Weight, Power (Height, 2))
.
+Not only mathematical, but also logical and ontological functions are supported.
+Phenotype algorithms can be defined by specifying (atomic or composite) phenotypes as inclusion/exclusion criteria.
+We have developed the terminology and ontology-based (TOP) framework for modelling and executing phenotype algorithms.
+The framework can be integrated into hospital information systems and thus enables the algorithms to be executed on care and research data.
+A query is generated for each inclusion/exclusion criterion, which is translated into the corresponding query language of the source system
+and executed with the help of an adapter (Beger et al., Applied Sciences 2022; Uciteli et al., GMS MIBE 2021).
+For SQL and FHIR Search, we have developed generic Java-based adapters that can be configured with a mapping.
+The query results are used to evaluate expressions of the composite phenotypes.
Funded by the + +Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). +
+ +Die Nachwuchsgruppe arbeitet an der Entwicklung eines Ontologie-basierten Frameworks zur Bestimmung und Analyse von Phänotypen (Phänotypisierung). +Dabei bilden die im Rahmen der Medizininformatik-Initiative verfügbaren Daten +der Datenintegrationszentren die Grundlage. +Die entwickelten Modelle und Algorithmen werden in einem Webportal veröffentlicht und durch standardisierte Schnittstellen und Formate verfügbar gemacht.
+ +Ziel des Förderkonzepts Medizininformatik ist die Unterstützung der medizinischen Forschung +und die Verbesserung der Versorgung von Patientinnen und Patienten durch IT-Lösungen. +Es soll der Austausch und die Nutzung von Daten aus Krankenversorgung, klinischer und biomedizinischer Forschung +über die Grenzen von Institutionen und Standorten hinweg ermöglicht werden. +Dadurch soll die MII daran mitwirken, dass Ärztinnen und Ärzte, Patientinnen und Patienten sowie Forschende in Zukunft +schnell und effizient den Zugang zu den für sie erforderlichen Informationen erhalten. +Dies kann passgenaue und personalisierte Diagnose- und Behandlungsentscheidungen unterstützen, +neue Erkenntnisse für die wirksame und nachhaltige Bekämpfung von Krankheiten schaffen und dazu beitragen, die Versorgung stetig zu verbessern.
+ +Die Bestimmung und Analyse von Phänotypen auf der Basis einer automatisierten Auswertung von Daten aus elektronischen Gesundheitsakten +sowie Forschungsdatenbanken durch geeignete IT-Lösungen spielt dabei eine entscheidende Rolle. +Für diesen Zweck werden sogenannte Phänotyp-Algorithmen entwickelt, die aus strukturierten Filterkriterien und Regeln bestehen und dazu dienen, +Individuen mit bestimmten Merkmalen zu identifizieren, beziehungsweise weitere Merkmale abzuleiten. +Der Implementierungsaufwand solcher Algorithmen in einer Programmiersprache oder einer Statistik-Software (z. B. SPSS oder R) kann sehr hoch sein: +Zum einen müssen etablierte medizinische Terminologien integriert und referenziert werden, um relevante Merkmale eindeutig und semantisch zu identifizieren, +damit die Vergleichbarkeit der Eingangsdaten und der Ergebnisse sichergestellt wird. +Zum anderen müssen verschiedene Datenquellen angebunden und Abfragen in entsprechenden Abfragesprachen definiert werden können, +was normalerweise nur durch IT-Fachleute durchgeführt werden kann, aber eine enge Zusammenarbeit mit Domänenexpertinnen und Domänenexperten erfordert, +die über das entsprechende Fachwissen verfügen.
+ +In diesem Sinne hat sich die MII-Nachwuchsgruppe Terminologie- und Ontologie-basierte Phänotypisierung (TOP) zum Ziel gesetzt, +ein einfach zugängliches Ontologie-basiertes Framework (TOP Framework) zur Modellierung und Ausführung von Phänotyp-Algorithmen zu implementieren +und der Community zur Verfügung zu stellen. +Das Konzept wird entlang der Use Cases entwickelt, die im Konsortium SMITH im Fokus stehen, bleibt aber nicht auf diese beschränkt +und soll später für andere Use Cases der MII-Konsortien +sowie vergleichbare Projekte im medizinischen Bereich anwendbar sein. +Das Framework wird als eine modulare Webanwendung implementiert, die verschiedene Software-Tools und Services zur algorithmischen Phänotypisierung vereint.
+ +In der Nachwuchsgruppe wurde ein modularer Ansatz entwickelt, der es ermöglicht, Phänotyp-Klassen auf einer abstrakten Ebene ontologisch zu modellieren +(Beger et al., Applied Sciences 2022; Uciteli et al., GMS MIBE 2021; +Uciteli et al., JBMS 2020). +Phänotyp-Klassen können genutzt werden, um beobachtbare Eigenschaften von Individuen (z. B. Patientinnen und Patienten sowie Teilnehmende an Studien) +zu beschreiben und zu klassifizieren. +Dieses Wissen kann in existierende Abfragesprachen wie SPARQL für RDF- oder OWL-basierte Daten, SQL für relationale Datenbankmanagementsysteme (RDMS) +oder HL7 FHIR Search für FHIR-Systeme transformiert werden. +Die generierten Abfragen lassen sich direkt innerhalb entsprechender Datenquellen ausführen, um nach Personen mit gewünschten Phänotypen zu suchen. +Für die Anbindung neuer Datenquellen müssen Adapter implementiert werden, die das Mapping der Daten auf die Phänotyp-Klassen ermöglichen +und das phänotypische Wissen in gewünschte Abfragesprachen übersetzen. +Der wichtigste Vorteil dieses Ansatzes ist eine klare Trennung zwischen der Modellierung des Fachwissens +(durch medizinisches Personal, Biometrikerinnen und Biometriker, etc., also Nicht-IT-Fachleute) +und der Implementierung der Adapter (durch Informatikerinnen oder Informatiker). +Die semantisch beziehungsweise ontologisch modellierten Phänotyp-Algorithmen sind dadurch unabhängig von der Struktur der Daten, Abfragesprachen +sowie weiteren technischen Aspekten und können durch geeignete Adapter auf verschiedenen Quellsystemen ausgeführt werden.
+ +Ein weiteres Modul des Frameworks wird eine semantische Suche und Klassifikation von Textdokumenten (zum Beispiel Arztbriefe) unterstützen. +Dabei wird die Methode der Search Ontology (Uciteli et al., JBMS 2019) zur Spezifikation und Generierung von Suchanfragen +mit einem auf Word Embeddings basierenden Ansatz zum inhaltlichen Dokumenten-Clustering (Bildung von Mengen ähnlicher Dokumente) verknüpft. +Die Search Ontology unterstützt eine effiziente und strukturierte Verwaltung von Suchtermen (d.h. Schlüsselwörter, Labels von Konzepten, Strings) +sowie ihre Verknüpfung mit den entsprechenden Such-Konzepten (d.h. Suchbegriffe können durch mehrere Terme/Labels repräsentiert werden), +was eine semantische konzeptbasierte Suche ermöglicht. +Die Erzeugung der Word Embeddings, um inhärente semantische Relationen zwischen Begriffen in Texten zu extrahieren, kann auf unterschiedliche Art erfolgen; +nicht zuletzt als ein Nebenprodukt aktueller und äußerst potenter Transformer-Modelle +(Vaswani et al., Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 2017). +Die Embeddings – also vereinfacht ausgedrückt, die mathematischen Repräsentationen von Wörtern – werden wiederum +unter anderem durch gängige Cluster-Verfahren (Agglomerative, KMeans) in Konzept-Gruppen zusammengefasst. +In einem nächsten Schritt werden aus diesen Konzept-Clustern durch die Anwendung verschiedener Algorithmen +Netzwerk-Repräsentationen erzeugt, die eine effiziente Suche nach relevanten Dokumenten ermöglichen sollen.
+ +Zur Modellierung und Klassifikation von Phänotypen haben wir
+die Core Ontology of Phenotypes (COP) entwickelt (Uciteli et al., JBMS 2020).
+Dabei betrachten wir Phänotypen als individuelle Eigenschaften, wie z. B. das Gewicht einer konkreten Person,
+aber auch komplexe (zusammengesetzte bzw. abgeleitete) Merkmale wie der BMI-Wert oder der SOFA-Score einer Person.
+Abstrakte Entitäten, die durch Phänotypen instanziiert werden, nennen wir Phänotyp-Klassen.
+Wir unterscheiden zwischen atomaren (z. B. Alter, Gewicht, Größe) und zusammengesetzten Phänotypen (z. B. BMI, SOFA-Score, Typ 2 Diabetes Mellitus),
+die aus weiteren Phänotypen bestehen.
+Die zusammengesetzten Phänotypen werden durch einen auswertbaren Ausdruck spezifiziert,
+der entweder einen Phänotyp, eine Konstante oder eine Funktion mit einer beliebigen Anzahl von Argumenten repräsentiert.
+Beispielsweise kann der Ausdruck des Phänotyp BMI wie folgt dargestellt werden:
+Quotient (Gewicht, Potenz (Größe, 2))
.
+Es werden nicht nur mathematische, sondern auch logische und ontologische Funktionen unterstützt.
+Phänotyp-Algorithmen können durch Angabe von (atomaren oder zusammengesetzten) Phänotypen als Ein-/Ausschlusskriterien definiert werden.
+Zur Modellierung und Ausführung von Phänotyp-Algorithmen haben wir das Terminologie- und Ontologie-basierte (TOP) Framework entwickelt.
+Das Framework kann in Krankenhausinformationssysteme integriert werden und ermöglicht somit die Ausführung der Algorithmen auf Versorgungs- und Forschungsdaten.
+Dabei wird für jedes Ein-/Ausschlusskriterium eine Abfrage generiert, die mit Hilfe eines Adapters in die entsprechende Abfragesprache des Quellsystems übersetzt
+und ausgeführt wird (Beger et al., Applied Sciences 2022; Uciteli et al., GMS MIBE 2021).
+Für SQL und FHIR Search haben wir generische Java-basierte Adapter entwickelt, die mit einem Mapping konfiguriert werden können.
+Die Abfrageergebnisse werden für die Auswertung von Ausdrücken der zusammengesetzten Phänotypen genutzt.
Gefördert durch das + +Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF). +
+ +Text vorher erschienen in IMISE-Broschüre/text originally published in IMISE-brochure
+30 Jahre Institut für medizinische Informatik, Statistik und Epidemiologie und seine Wissenschaftsfamilie, S.77ff.
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+ +Schäfermeier R, Beger C, Matthies F, Höffner K, Uciteli A +Tracking Changes for Inter-Version Interoperability in Heterogeneous Evolving Medical Terminologies +DOI: 10.3233/shti240855 +PMID: 39234722
+ + +
+ @incollection{trackingchanges,
+ title={Tracking Changes for Inter-Version Interoperability in Heterogeneous Evolving Medical Terminologies},
+ author={Sch{\"a}fermeier, Ralph and Beger, Christoph and Matthies, Franz and H{\"o}ffner, Konrad and Uciteli, Alexandr},
+ doi={10.3233/shti240855},
+ booktitle={German Medical Data Sciences 2024},
+ editor={Rainer Röhrig and Niels Grabe and Ursula Hertha Hübner and Klaus Jung and Ulrich Sax and Carsten Oliver Schmidt and Martin Sedlmayr and Antonia Zapf},
+ organization={German Association of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology e.V. (GMDS)},
+ address={Dresden, Germany},
+ series={Studies in Health Technology and Informatics},
+ volume={317},
+ pages={190--199},
+ year={2024},
+ publisher={IOS Press}
+ }
+
Matthies F, Beger C, Schäfermeier R, Höffner K, Uciteli A +Extending the TOP Framework with an Ontology-Based Text Search Component +DOI: 10.3233/shti240854 +PMID: 39234721
+ + +
+ @incollection{extendingtop,
+ title={Extending the {TOP} Framework with an Ontology-Based Text Search Component},
+ author={Matthies, Franz and Beger, Christoph and Sch{\"a}fermeier, Ralph and and H{\"o}ffner, Konrad and Uciteli, Alexandr},
+ doi={10.3233/shti240854},
+ booktitle={German Medical Data Sciences 2024},
+ editor={Rainer Röhrig and Niels Grabe and Ursula Hertha Hübner and Klaus Jung and Ulrich Sax and Carsten Oliver Schmidt and Martin Sedlmayr and Antonia Zapf},
+ organization={German Association of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology e.V. (GMDS)},
+ address={Dresden, Germany},
+ series={Studies in Health Technology and Informatics},
+ volume={317},
+ pages={180--189},
+ year={2024},
+ publisher={IOS Press}
+ }
+
+ +Beger C, Eberl M, Dietz Y, Matthies F, Schäfermeier R, Höffner K, Reusche M, Uciteli A +Improving the LIFE Research Data Request Workflow with the TOP Phenotyping Framework +DOI: 10.3205/24gmds114
+ + +
+ @misc{improvinglife,
+ title={Improving the {LIFE} Research Data Request Workflow with the {TOP} Phenotyping Framework},
+ author={Beger, Christoph and Eberl, Melanie and Dietz, Yvonne and Matthies, Franz and Sch{\"a}fermeier, Ralph and Reusche, Matthias and H{\"o}ffner, Konrad and Uciteli, Alexandr},
+ doi={10.3205/24gmds114},
+ note={Abstract},
+ year={2024},
+ }
+
Beger C, Boehmer AM, Mussawy B, Redeker L, Matthies F, Schäfermeier R, Härdtlein A, Dreischulte T, Neumann D, Uciteli A +Modelling Adverse Events with the TOP Phenotyping Framework +DOI: 10.3233/shti230695 +PMID: 37697839
+ + +
+ @incollection{modellingadverse,
+ title={Modelling Adverse Events with the {TOP} Phenotyping Framework},
+ author={Beger, Christoph and Boehmer, Anna Maria and Mussawy, Beate and Redeker, Louisa and Matthies, Franz and Sch{\"a}fermeier, Ralph and H{\"a}rdtlein, Annette and Dreischulte, Tobias and Neumann, Daniel and Uciteli, Alexandr},
+ doi={10.3233/shti230695},
+ booktitle={German Medical Data Sciences 2023---Science. Close to People},
+ editor={Rainer Röhrig and Niels Grabe and Martin Haag and Ursula Hübner and Ulrich Sax and Carsten Oliver Schmidt and Martin Sedlmayr and Antonia Zapf},
+ organization={German Association of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology e.V. (GMDS)},
+ address={Heilbronn, Germany},
+ series={Studies in Health Technology and Informatics},
+ volume={307},
+ pages={69--77},
+ year={2023},
+ publisher={IOS Press}
+ }
+
Beger C, Matthies F, Schäfermeier R, Uciteli A +Model-driven execution of phenotype algorithms – introduction of the Terminology - and Ontology-based Phenotyping Framework +DOI: 10.3205/mibe000256
+ + +
+ @article{modeldriven,
+ title={Model-driven execution of phenotype algorithms --- introduction of the Terminology --- and Ontology-based Phenotyping Framework},
+ author={Beger, Christoph and Matthies, Franz and Sch{\"a}fermeier, Ralph and Uciteli, Alexandr},
+ journal={GMS Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology},
+ volume={19},
+ year={2023},
+ }
+
Matthies F, Beger C, Schäfermeier R, Uciteli A +Concept Graphs: A Novel Approach for Textual Analysis of Medical Documents +DOI: 10.3233/SHTI230710 +PMID: 37697851 +GitHub: Onto-Med/concept-graphs
+ + +
+ @inproceedings{topconceptgraphs,
+ title={Concept Graphs: A Novel Approach for Textual Analysis of Medical Documents},
+ author={Matthies, Franz and Beger, Christoph and Sch{\"a}fermeier, Ralph and Uciteli, Alexandr},
+ doi={10.3233/SHTI230710},
+ booktitle={German Medical Data Sciences 2023---Science. Close to People},
+ editor={Rainer Röhrig and Niels Grabe and Martin Haag and Ursula Hübner and Ulrich Sax and Carsten Oliver Schmidt and Martin Sedlmayr and Antonia Zapf},
+ organization={German Association of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology e.V. (GMDS)},
+ address={Heilbronn, Germany},
+ volume={307},
+ pages={172-179},
+ year={2023},
+ mon={Sep},
+ }
+
Beger C and Matthies F and Schäfermeier R and Kirsten T and Herre H and Uciteli A +Towards an Ontology-Based Phenotypic Query Model +DOI: 10.3390/app12105214
+ + +
+ @article{topframework,
+ author={Beger, Christoph and Matthies, Franz and Schäfermeier, Ralph and Kirsten, Toralf and Herre, Heinrich and Uciteli, Alexandr},
+ title={Towards an Ontology-Based Phenotypic Query Model},
+ journal={Applied Sciences},
+ volume={12},
+ year={2022},
+ number={10},
+ article-number={5214},
+ url={https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/10/5214},
+ issn={2076-3417},
+ doi={10.3390/app12105214}
+ }
+
Uciteli A and Beger C and Wagner J and Kirsten T and Meineke F A and Stäubert S and Löbe M and Herre H +Ontological modelling and FHIR Search based representation of basic eligibility criteria +DOI: 10.3205/mibe000219
+ + +
+ @article{topsearch,
+ title={Ontological modelling and FHIR Search based representation of basic eligibility criteria.},
+ author={Uciteli, Alexandr and Beger, Christoph and Wagner, Jonas and Kirsten, Toralf and Meineke, Frank A and St{\"a}ubert, Sebastian and L{\"o}be, Matthias and Herre, Heinrich},
+ journal={GMS Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology},
+ volume={17},
+ number={2},
+ year={2021}
+ }
+
+ @article{cop,
+ author={Uciteli,Alexandr and Beger,Christoph and Kirsten,Toralf and Meineke,Frank A. and Herre,Heinrich},
+ year={2020},
+ title={Ontological representation, classification and data-driven computing of phenotypes},
+ journal={Journal of Biomedical Semantics},
+ volume={11},
+ pages={1--17},
+ language={English},
+ }
+