-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 2
/
Copy pathSOE-NEFMC.tex
2031 lines (905 loc) · 158 KB
/
SOE-NEFMC.tex
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
% Options for packages loaded elsewhere
\PassOptionsToPackage{unicode}{hyperref}
\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
\PassOptionsToPackage{dvipsnames,svgnames,x11names}{xcolor}
%
\documentclass[
10pt,
]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usepackage{iftex}
\ifPDFTeX
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{textcomp} % provide euro and other symbols
\else % if luatex or xetex
\usepackage{unicode-math} % this also loads fontspec
\defaultfontfeatures{Scale=MatchLowercase}
\defaultfontfeatures[\rmfamily]{Ligatures=TeX,Scale=1}
\fi
\usepackage{lmodern}
\ifPDFTeX\else
% xetex/luatex font selection
\fi
% Use upquote if available, for straight quotes in verbatim environments
\IfFileExists{upquote.sty}{\usepackage{upquote}}{}
\IfFileExists{microtype.sty}{% use microtype if available
\usepackage[]{microtype}
\UseMicrotypeSet[protrusion]{basicmath} % disable protrusion for tt fonts
}{}
\makeatletter
\@ifundefined{KOMAClassName}{% if non-KOMA class
\IfFileExists{parskip.sty}{%
\usepackage{parskip}
}{% else
\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
\setlength{\parskip}{6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt}}
}{% if KOMA class
\KOMAoptions{parskip=half}}
\makeatother
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage[left=2cm, right=2cm, top=2cm, bottom=3cm, footskip = .5cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{longtable,booktabs,array}
\usepackage{calc} % for calculating minipage widths
% Correct order of tables after \paragraph or \subparagraph
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\makeatletter
\patchcmd\longtable{\par}{\if@noskipsec\mbox{}\fi\par}{}{}
\makeatother
% Allow footnotes in longtable head/foot
\IfFileExists{footnotehyper.sty}{\usepackage{footnotehyper}}{\usepackage{footnote}}
\makesavenoteenv{longtable}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\makeatletter
\def\maxwidth{\ifdim\Gin@nat@width>\linewidth\linewidth\else\Gin@nat@width\fi}
\def\maxheight{\ifdim\Gin@nat@height>\textheight\textheight\else\Gin@nat@height\fi}
\makeatother
% Scale images if necessary, so that they will not overflow the page
% margins by default, and it is still possible to overwrite the defaults
% using explicit options in \includegraphics[width, height, ...]{}
\setkeys{Gin}{width=\maxwidth,height=\maxheight,keepaspectratio}
% Set default figure placement to htbp
\makeatletter
\def\fps@figure{htbp}
\makeatother
\setlength{\emergencystretch}{3em} % prevent overfull lines
\providecommand{\tightlist}{%
\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{-\maxdimen} % remove section numbering
% Set up the fonts
\usepackage[urw-palatino]{mathdesign}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
% Add accessibility support from http://www.richschwinn.com/accessibility
\RequirePackage{accsupp}
\RequirePackage{pdfcomment}
\newcommand{\AccTool}[2]{\BeginAccSupp{method=pdfstringdef,unicode,Alt={{#1}}}\pdftooltip{{#2}}{{#1}}\EndAccSupp{}}
% Set the language for 508
\hypersetup{
pdftitle = {title},
pdflang = en-US}
% Set up the headers and footers
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{ifthen}
%\usepackage{everypage-1x}
\usepackage{float}
%\usepackage{subfig}
%\usepackage{subcaption}
% Avoid struggling over figure and table float in Rmarkdown
\let\origfigure\figure
\let\endorigfigure\endfigure
\renewenvironment{figure}[1][2] {
\expandafter\origfigure\expandafter[H]
} {
\endorigfigure
}
\let\origtable\table
\let\endorigtable\endtable
\renewenvironment{table}[1][2] {
\expandafter\origtable\expandafter[H]
} {
\endorigtable
}
% First page has the large title and NOAA logo
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhf{}
\setlength\headheight{40pt}
\fancyheadoffset[L]{0.5cm}
\cfoot{\thepage}
\fancyheadinit{%
\ifthenelse{\value{page}=5}%
{\fancyhead[R]{\includegraphics[width=40pt]{images/NOAA_logo.png} \\ \textsf{\emph{February 14, 2025}}}
\fancyhead[L]{\textsf{\LARGE DRAFT State of the Ecosystem 2025: New England}}
}%
{\fancyhead[R]{}
\fancyhead[L]{\textsf{\emph{DRAFT State of the Ecosystem 2025: New England}}}
}
}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.4pt}
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt}
% Make caption fonts a bit smaller
\usepackage[font={small}]{caption}
% Change section labels to san serif
\usepackage{sectsty}
\allsectionsfont{\normalfont\sffamily\bfseries}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\usepackage{hhline}
\newlength\Oldarrayrulewidth
\newlength\Oldtabcolsep
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{wrapfig}
\ifLuaTeX
\usepackage{selnolig} % disable illegal ligatures
\fi
\usepackage{bookmark}
\IfFileExists{xurl.sty}{\usepackage{xurl}}{} % add URL line breaks if available
\urlstyle{same}
\hypersetup{
colorlinks=true,
linkcolor={Maroon},
filecolor={Maroon},
citecolor={Blue},
urlcolor={blue},
pdfcreator={LaTeX via pandoc}}
\author{}
\date{\vspace{-2.5em}}
\begin{document}
\setcounter{page}{5}
\thispagestyle{fancy}
\section{Introduction}\label{introduction}
\subsection{About This Report}\label{about-this-report}
This report is for the New England Fishery Management Council (NEFMC). The purpose of this report is to synthesize ecosystem information to allow the NEFMC to better meet fishery management objectives. The major messages of the report are synthesized on pages 1-3, with highlights of 2024 ecosystem events on page 4. The information in this report is organized into two main sections; \hyperref[performance-relative-to-fishery-management-objectives]{performance measured against ecosystem-level management objectives} (Table \ref{tab:management-objectives}), and potential \hyperref[risks-to-meeting-fishery-management-objectives]{risks to meeting fishery management objectives} (\hyperref[climate-and-ecosystem-change]{climate change} and \hyperref[other-ocean-uses-offshore-wind]{other ocean uses}). A final new section introduced as last year's highlights \hyperref[highlights]{notable 2024 ecosystem observations}.
\subsection{Report structure}\label{report-structure}
A glossary of terms\footnote{\url{https://noaa-edab.github.io/tech-doc/glossary.html}}, detailed technical methods documentation\footnote{\url{https://NOAA-EDAB.github.io/tech-doc}} and indicator data\footnote{\url{https://github.com/NOAA-EDAB/ecodata}}, and detailed indicator descriptions\footnote{\url{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/index.html}} are available online. We recommend new readers first review the details of standard figure formatting (Fig. \ref{fig:docformat}a), categorization of fish and invertebrate species into feeding guilds (Table \ref{tab:species-groupings}), and definitions of ecological production units (EPUs, including the Gulf of Maine (GOM) and Georges Bank (GB); Fig. \ref{fig:docformat}b) provided at the end of the document.
The two main sections contain subsections for each management objective or potential risk. Within each subsection, we first review indicator trends, and the status of the most recent data year relative to a threshold (if available) or relative to the long-term average. Second, we synthesize results of other indicators and information to outline potential implications for management (i.e., connecting indicator status to management and why an indicator is important). For example, if there are multiple drivers related to an indicator trend, we examine which drivers may be more or less supported by current information, and which, if any, are affected by management actions? Similarly, we examine which risk indicators warrant continued monitoring to evaluate whether regime shifts or ecosystem reorganization are likely? We emphasize that these implications are intended to represent testable hypotheses at present, rather than ``answers,'' because the science behind these indicators and syntheses continues to develop.
\global\setlength{\Oldarrayrulewidth}{\arrayrulewidth}
\global\setlength{\Oldtabcolsep}{\tabcolsep}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{2pt}
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1}
\providecommand{\ascline}[3]{\noalign{\global\arrayrulewidth #1}\arrayrulecolor[HTML]{#2}\cline{#3}}
\begin{longtable}[c]{|p{1.79in}|p{4.13in}}
\caption{Ecosystem-scale\ fishery\ management\ objectives\ in\ New\ England}\label{tab:management-objectives}\\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-2}
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.79in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Objective\ categories}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 4.13in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Indicators\ reported}}} \\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-2}\endfirsthead \caption[]{Ecosystem-scale\ fishery\ management\ objectives\ in\ New\ England}\label{tab:management-objectives}\\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-2}
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.79in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Objective\ categories}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 4.13in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Indicators\ reported}}} \\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-2}\endhead
\multicolumn{2}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 5.92in+2\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{\textbf{Objectives:\ Provisioning\ and\ Cultural\ Services}}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.79in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Seafood\ Production}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 4.13in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Landings;\ commercial\ total\ and\ by\ feeding\ guild;\ recreational\ harvest}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.79in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Commercial\ Profits}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 4.13in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Revenue\ decomposed\ to\ price\ and\ volume}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.79in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Recreational\ Opportunities}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 4.13in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Angler\ trips;\ recreational\ fleet\ diversity}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.79in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Stability}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 4.13in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Diversity\ indices\ (fishery\ and\ ecosystem)}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.79in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Social\ \&\ Cultural}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 4.13in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Community\ fishing\ engagement\ and\ social\ vulnerability\ status}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.79in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Protected\ Species}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 4.13in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Bycatch;\ population\ (adult\ and\ juvenile)\ numbers;\ mortalities}}} \\
\multicolumn{2}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 5.92in+2\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{\textbf{Potential\ Drivers:\ Supporting\ and\ Regulating\ Services}}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.79in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Management}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 4.13in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Stock\ status;\ catch\ compared\ with\ catch\ limits}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.79in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Biomass}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 4.13in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Biomass\ or\ abundance\ by\ feeding\ guild\ from\ surveys}}} \\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-2}
\end{longtable}
\arrayrulecolor[HTML]{000000}
\global\setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{\Oldarrayrulewidth}
\global\setlength{\tabcolsep}{\Oldtabcolsep}
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1}
\global\setlength{\Oldarrayrulewidth}{\arrayrulewidth}
\global\setlength{\Oldtabcolsep}{\tabcolsep}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{2pt}
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1}
\providecommand{\ascline}[3]{\noalign{\global\arrayrulewidth #1}\arrayrulecolor[HTML]{#2}\cline{#3}}
\begin{longtable}[c]{|p{0.99in}|p{2.20in}|p{2.81in}}
\caption{Risks\ to\ meeting\ fishery\ management\ objectives\ in\ New\ England}\label{tab:management-risks}\\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-3}
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.99in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Risk\ categories}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 2.2in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Observation\ indicators\ reported}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 2.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Potential\ driver\ indicators\ reported}}} \\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-3}\endfirsthead \caption[]{Risks\ to\ meeting\ fishery\ management\ objectives\ in\ New\ England}\label{tab:management-risks}\\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-3}
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.99in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Risk\ categories}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 2.2in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Observation\ indicators\ reported}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 2.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Potential\ driver\ indicators\ reported}}} \\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-3}\endhead
\multicolumn{3}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 6in+4\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{\textbf{Climate\ and\ Ecosystem\ Risks}}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.99in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Risks\ to\ Managing\ Spatially}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 2.2in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Managed\ species\ (fish\ and\ cetacean)\ distribution\ shifts}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 2.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Benthic\ and\ pelagic\ forage\ distribution;\ ocean\ temperature,\ changes\ in\ currents\ and\ cold\ pool}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.99in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Risks\ to\ Managing\ Seasonally}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 2.2in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Managed\ species\ spawning\ and\ migration\ timing\ changes}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 2.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Habitat\ timing:\ Length\ of\ ocean\ summer,\ cold\ pool\ seasonal\ persistence}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.99in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Risks\ to\ Setting\ Catch\ Limits}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 2.2in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Managed\ species\ body\ condition\ and\ recruitment\ changes}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 2.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Benthic\ and\ pelagic\ forage\ quality\ \&\ abundance:\ ocean\ temperature\ \&\ acidification\ }}} \\
\multicolumn{3}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 6in+4\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{\textbf{Other\ Ocean\ Uses\ Risks}}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.99in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Offshore\ Wind\ Risks}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 2.2in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Fishery\ revenue\ and\ landings\ from\ wind\ lease\ areas\ by\ species\ and\ port}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 2.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Wind\ development\ speed;\ Protected\ species\ presence\ and\ \ hotspots}}} \\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-3}
\end{longtable}
\arrayrulecolor[HTML]{000000}
\global\setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{\Oldarrayrulewidth}
\global\setlength{\tabcolsep}{\Oldtabcolsep}
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1}
\section{Performance relative to fishery management objectives}\label{performance-relative-to-fishery-management-objectives}
In this section, we examine indicators related to broad, ecosystem-level fishery management objectives. We also provide hypotheses on the implications of these trends---why we are seeing them, what's driving them, and potential or observed regime shifts or changes in ecosystem structure. Identifying multiple drivers, regime shifts, and potential changes to ecosystem structure, as well as identifying the most vulnerable resources, can help managers determine whether anything different needs to be done to meet objectives and how to prioritize upcoming issues/risks.
\subsection{Seafood Production}\label{seafood-production}
\subsubsection{Indicator: Landings; commercial and recreational}\label{indicator-landings-commercial-and-recreational}
This year, we present updated indicators for total \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/comdat.html}{commercial landings}, U.S. seafood landings (includes seafood, bait, and industrial landings), and Council-managed U.S. seafood landings through 2023. Total commercial landings within New England show no long-term trend on GB, and a long term decline in the GOM (Fig. \ref{fig:total-landings}). There exist long-term declines in commercial seafood landings and NEFMC managed seafood landings for both the GOM and GB, but over the last decade there is no trend in managed seafood landings in the GOM.
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/total-landings-1}
}
\caption{Total commercial landings (black), total U.S. seafood landings (blue), and New England managed U.S. seafood landings (red) for Georges Bank (GB) and the Gulf of Maine (GOM).}\label{fig:total-landings}
\end{figure}
Commercial landings by guild include all species and all uses, and are reported as total for the guild and the NEFMC managed species within the \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/aggregate_biomass.html}{guild}. As reported in previous years, downward trends persist for a number of guilds in both regions. Current high total landings for benthivores (GOM) are attributable to American lobster, and a significant long term increase in benthos landings (GB) is attributable to clams and scallops (Fig. \ref{fig:comm-landings}).Current landings of planktivores are still below the long term mean.
\href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/aquaculture.html}{Aquaculture production} is not yet included in total seafood landings.
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/comm-landings-1}
}
\caption{Total commercial landings (black) and NEFMC managed U.S seafood landings (red) by feeding guild for the Gulf of Maine (GOM, right) and Georges Bank (GB, left).}\label{fig:comm-landings}
\end{figure}
\href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/community_climate_vulnerability.html}{Total Community Climate Change Risk} is a measure of to what degree a region's landings (or revenue) is dependent on sensitivity and exposure factors that relate to species' risk to temperature or ocean acidification changes as the result of future climate change. For New England, the total climate vulnerability of landings (Fig. \ref{fig:comm-clim-landings}) was moderate in 2022 with no long-term trend suggesting a moderate reliance on climate-sensitive species. This proportion has not significantly changed since 2000.
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/comm-clim-landings-1}
}
\caption{Total climate vulnerability on New England landings from 2000 to 2022. Horizontal colored bars show different climate risk levels.}\label{fig:comm-clim-landings}
\end{figure}
Overall, \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/recdat.html}{recreational harvest} (retained fish presumed to be eaten) has declined in New England (Fig. \ref{fig:rec-landings}). However, recent harvest has remained above the historical low level in 2020. Recreational \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/rec_hms.html}{shark landings} of pelagic and prohibited sharks have declined since 2018 (Fig \ref{fig:rec-hms}), which is likely influenced by regulatory changes implemented in 2018 intended to rebuild shortfin mako stocks and comply with binding recommendations by the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT).
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/rec-landings-1}
}
\caption{Total recreational seafood harvest (millions of pounds) in the New England region.}\label{fig:rec-landings}
\end{figure}
\begin{verbatim}
## Error in xt[indexOfMissingyt, ] : subscript out of bounds
\end{verbatim}
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/rec-hms-1}
}
\caption{Recreational shark landings from Marine Recreational Information Program (left) and Large Pelagics Survey (right)}\label{fig:rec-hms}
\end{figure}
\subsubsection{Implications}\label{implications}
Declining commercial seafood and recreational landings are driven by many interacting factors, including combinations of ecological and stock production, management actions, market conditions, and environmental changes. While we cannot evaluate all possible drivers at present, here we evaluate the extent to which stock status and changes in system biomass play a role.
\paragraph{Stock Status}\label{stock-status}
Single species \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/stock_status.html}{management objectives} (1. maintaining biomass above minimum thresholds and 2. maintaining fishing mortality below overfishing limits) are not being met for some NEFMC managed species. Thirteen stocks are currently estimated to be belowB\textsubscript{MSY}, while status relative to B\textsubscript{MSY} could not be assessed for 13 additional stocks (Table \ref{tab:stock-status-table}). Therefore, stock status and associated management constraints are likely contributing to decreased landings. To better address the role of management in future reports, we could examine how the total allowable catch (TAC) and the percentage of the TAC taken for each species has changed through time.
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/stock-status-1}
}
\caption{Summary of single species status for NEFMC and jointly federally managed stocks (goosefish and spiny dogfish). The dotted vertical line at one is the target biomass reference point of B. The dashed lines are the management thresholds of B (vertical) or F (horizontal). Colors denote stocks with B/B\textsubscript{MSY} < 0.5 or F/F\textsubscript{MSY} (orange), stocks 0.5<B/B\textsubscript{MSY}<1 (blue), and stocks B/B\textsubscript{MSY}>1 (green).CCGOM = Cape Cod Gulf of Maine, GOM = Gulf of Maine, GB = Georges Bank, SNEMA = Southern New England Mid Atlantic}\label{fig:stock-status}
\end{figure}
\global\setlength{\Oldarrayrulewidth}{\arrayrulewidth}
\global\setlength{\Oldtabcolsep}{\tabcolsep}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{2pt}
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1}
\providecommand{\ascline}[3]{\noalign{\global\arrayrulewidth #1}\arrayrulecolor[HTML]{#2}\cline{#3}}
\begin{longtable}[c]{|p{3.44in}|p{0.73in}|p{0.75in}}
\caption{Unknown\ or\ partially\ known\ stock\ status\ for\ MAFMC\ and\ jointly\ managed\ species.}\label{tab:stock-status-table}\\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-3}
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Stock}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{F/Fmsy}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{B/Bmsy}}} \\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-3}\endfirsthead \caption[]{Unknown\ or\ partially\ known\ stock\ status\ for\ MAFMC\ and\ jointly\ managed\ species.}\label{tab:stock-status-table}\\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-3}
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Stock}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{F/Fmsy}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{B/Bmsy}}} \\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-3}\endhead
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Atlantic\ cod\ -\ Georges\ Bank}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Atlantic\ cod\ -\ Gulf\ of\ Maine}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Atlantic\ halibut\ -\ Northwestern\ Atlantic\ Coast}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Barndoor\ skate\ -\ Georges\ Bank\ /\ Southern\ New\ England}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{1.070}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Clearnose\ skate\ -\ Southern\ New\ England\ /\ Mid-Atlantic}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{0.802}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Little\ skate\ -\ Georges\ Bank\ /\ Southern\ New\ England}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{0.580}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Offshore\ hake\ -\ Northwestern\ Atlantic\ Coast}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Red\ deepsea\ crab\ -\ Northwestern\ Atlantic}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Red\ hake\ -\ Gulf\ of\ Maine\ /\ Northern\ Georges\ Bank}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Red\ hake\ -\ Southern\ Georges\ Bank\ /\ Mid-Atlantic}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Rosette\ skate\ -\ Southern\ New\ England\ /\ Mid-Atlantic}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{1.075}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Smooth\ skate\ -\ Gulf\ of\ Maine}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{0.696}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Thorny\ skate\ -\ Gulf\ of\ Maine}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{0.035}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Windowpane\ -\ Gulf\ of\ Maine\ /\ Georges\ Bank}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Winter\ flounder\ -\ Gulf\ of\ Maine}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Winter\ skate\ -\ Georges\ Bank\ /\ Southern\ New\ England}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{1.120}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Witch\ flounder\ -\ Northwestern\ Atlantic\ Coast}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Yellowtail\ flounder\ -\ Georges\ Bank}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{0.09}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Goosefish\ -\ Gulf\ of\ Maine\ /\ Northern\ Georges\ Bank}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.44in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Goosefish\ -\ Southern\ Georges\ Bank\ /\ Mid-Atlantic}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.73in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedleft}m{\dimexpr 0.75in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{-}}} \\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-3}
\end{longtable}
\arrayrulecolor[HTML]{000000}
\global\setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{\Oldarrayrulewidth}
\global\setlength{\tabcolsep}{\Oldtabcolsep}
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1}
\paragraph{System Biomass}\label{system-biomass}
\href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/aggregate_biomass.html}{Aggregate biomass} trends derived from scientific resource surveys have been stable to increasing in both regions (Fig. \ref{fig:nefsc-biomass-gb} \& Fig. \ref{fig:nefsc-biomass-gom}).The benthivores group spiked during the last decade, due to a large haddock recruitment, but appears to be returning to average levels. Planktivore biomass on GB continues to rise with the highest fall biomass observed since 1968. There are mixed trends in piscivores on GB, and increasing trends for planktivores across both regions and seasons and benthos on GB in both seasons. The New Hampshire/Maine state survey time series is too short to estimate trends, while the Massachusetts state survey shows the increasing trend in planktivores in the fall but a decrease in piscivores in the spring and benthos in both seasons (Fig. \ref{fig:mass-biomass}). While managed species comprise varying proportions of aggregate biomass, trends in landings are not mirroring shifts in the overall trophic structure of survey-sampled fish and invertebrates. Therefore, major shifts in feeding guilds or ecosystem trophic structure are unlikely to be driving the decline in landings.
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/nefsc-biomass-gb-1}
}
\caption{Spring (left) and fall (right) surveyed biomass on Georges Bank. The shaded area around each annual mean represents 2 standard deviations from the mean.}\label{fig:nefsc-biomass-gb}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/nefsc-biomass-gom-1}
}
\caption{Spring (left) and fall (right) surveyed biomass in the Gulf of Maine. The shaded area around each annual mean represents 2 standard deviations from the mean.}\label{fig:nefsc-biomass-gom}
\end{figure}
\paragraph{Effect on Seafood Production}\label{effect-on-seafood-production}
With the poor or unknown stock status of many managed species, the decline in commercial seafood landings in the Gulf of Maine most likely reflects lower catch quotas implemented to rebuild overfished stocks, as well as market dynamics.
The decline in recreational seafood harvest stems from multiple drivers. Some of the decline, such as for recreational shark landings, continues to be driven by tightening regulations. However, changes in demographics and preferences for recreational activities likely play a role in non-HMS (Highly Migratory Species) declines in recreational harvest, with current harvests well below the time series average.
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/mass-biomass-1}
}
\caption{Spring (left) and fall (right) surveyed biomass from the state of Massachusetts inshore survey. The shaded area around each annual mean represents 2 standard deviations from the mean.}\label{fig:mass-biomass}
\end{figure}
Other environmental changes require monitoring as they may become important drivers of future landings:
\begin{itemize}
\tightlist
\item
Climate is trending into uncharted territory. Globally, 2024 was the warmest year on record\footnote{\url{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/observation_synthesis.html}} (see \hyperref[highlights]{2024 Highlights section}).
\item
Stocks are shifting their distribution, moving towards the northeast and into deeper waters throughout the Northeast US Large Marine Ecosystem (Fig. \ref{fig:species-dist}, \hyperref[climate-risks]{Climate Risks section}).
\item
Ecosystem composition and production changes have been observed (see \hyperref[stability]{Stability section}).
\item
Some fishing communities are affected by social vulnerabilities (see \hyperref[social-vulnerability]{Social Vulnerability section}).
\end{itemize}
\newpage
\subsection{Commercial Profits}\label{commercial-profits}
\subsubsection{Indicators: revenue (a proxy for profits)}\label{indicators-revenue-a-proxy-for-profits}
Total \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/comdat.html}{commercial revenues} from all species is below the long-term mean for both the GB and GOM regions in 2023 (Fig. \ref{fig:comm-revenue}). In addition, revenue from NEFMC managed species shows a long-term decline in the GOM. GB continues to exhibit a cyclical nature with regards to revenue, largely driven by rotational management of Atlantic sea
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/comm-revenue-1}
}
\caption{Revenue through 2023 for the New England region: total (black) and from NEFMC managed species (red).}\label{fig:comm-revenue}
\end{figure}
Revenue earned by harvesting resources is a function of both the quantity landed of each species and the prices paid for landings. Beyond monitoring yearly changes in revenue, it is even more valuable to determine what drives these changes: harvest levels, the mix of species landed, price changes, or a combination of these. The \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/bennet.html}{Bennet Indicator} decomposes revenue change into two parts, one driven by changing quantities (volumes), and a second driven by changing prices. All changes are in relation to a base year (1982).
In the GB region, revenues have been consistently lower than the 1982 baseline throughout the time series. The changes in total revenue in GB was primarily driven by volumes prior to 2010, and then by prices (Fig.\ref{fig:bennet}). In the GOM, revenues have been above the 1982 baseline in all but four years, largely due to changing prices in most years. Breaking down the revenue by guild (Fig. \ref{fig:bennet-all}), or GB, both the volume and price trend have been largely driven by benthos (scallops, quahogs and surfclams). In the GOM region, increased prices for benthivores (lobster) drove the year-over-year increases in overall prices. Benthivores also had a large influence on the overall volume indicator in the GOM.
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/bennet-1}
}
\caption{Revenue change from the 1982 baseline in 2023 dollars (black), price, and volume for commercial landings from Georges Bank (GB: left) and the Gulf of Maine (GOM: right)}\label{fig:bennet}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/bennet-all-1}
}
\caption{Revenue change from the long-term mean in 2023 dollars (black), price, and volume for commercial landings from Georges Bank (GB: top panels) and the Gulf of Maine (GOM: bottom panels)}\label{fig:bennet-all}
\end{figure}
For New England, \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/community_climate_vulnerability.html}{total climate vulnerability} of revenue was moderate in 2022 with no long-term trend (Fig. \ref{fig:comm-clim-rev}). This suggests that while New England commercial fishing is moderately reliant on climate-sensitive species, this proportion has not significantly changed since 2000.
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/comm-clim-rev-1}
}
\caption{Total climate vulnerability on New England revenue from 2000 to 2022. Horizontal colored bars show different climate risk levels.}\label{fig:comm-clim-rev}
\end{figure}
\subsubsection{Implications}\label{implications-1}
The continued dependence on lobster in the GOM and sea scallops on GB is affected by multiple drivers including resource availability and market conditions. As both species are sensitive to ocean warming and acidification, it is important to monitor these and other climate drivers.
\subsection{Recreational Opportunities}\label{recreational-opportunities}
\subsubsection{Indicators: Angler trips, fleet diversity}\label{indicators-angler-trips-fleet-diversity}
\href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/recdat.html}{Recreational effort} (angler trips) increased during 1982-2010, but has since declined to the long-term average (Fig. \ref{fig:rec-op}). Recreational fleets are defined as private vessels, shore-based fishing, or party-charter vessels. Recreational fleet diversity, or the relative importance of each fleet type, has remained relatively stable over the latter half of the time series (Fig. \ref{fig:rec-div}).
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/rec-op-1}
}
\caption{Recreational effort in New England.}\label{fig:rec-op}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/rec-div-1}
}
\caption{Recreational fleet effort diversity in New England.}\label{fig:rec-div}
\end{figure}
\subsubsection{Implications}\label{implications-2}
The absence of a long term trend in recreational angler trips and fleet effort diversity suggests relative stability in the overall number of recreational opportunities in the region.
\subsection{Stability}\label{stability}
\subsubsection{Indicators: fishery fleet and catch diversity, ecological component diversity, total primary production}\label{indicators-fishery-fleet-and-catch-diversity-ecological-component-diversity-total-primary-production}
While there are many potential metrics of stability, we use diversity indices to evaluate overall stability in fisheries and ecosystems. In general, diversity that remains constant over time suggests a similar capacity to respond to change over time. A significant change in diversity over time does not necessarily indicate a problem or an improvement, but does indicate a need for further investigation. We examine diversity in commercial fleet and species catch, and recreational species catch (with fleet effort diversity discussed above), zooplankton, and adult fishes.
\paragraph{Fishery Stability}\label{fishery-stability}
\href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/commercial_div.html}{Diversity} estimates have been developed for species landed by commercial vessels with New England permits and fleets landing managed species. Although the effective number of species being landed in the commercial fleet rebounded slightly from the historical low of 2021, the diversity in catch is still well below the series average (Fig. \ref{fig:permit-div}). Commercial fishery fleet count is also below the time series average.
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/permit-div-1}
}
\caption{Species revenue diversity in New England.}\label{fig:permit-div}
\end{figure}
As noted above, \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/recdat.html}{recreational fleet effort diversity} is stable. However, recreational species catch diversity has been above the time series average since 2008 with a long-term positive trend (Fig. \ref{fig:rec-species-div}).
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/rec-species-div-1}
}
\caption{Diversity of recreational catch in New England.}\label{fig:rec-species-div}
\end{figure}
\paragraph{Ecological Stability}\label{ecological-stability}
Ecological diversity indices show mixed trends. Total annual \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/chl_pp.html}{primary production} (TPP) is a measure of the total amount of carbon (i.e.~energy) produced by phytoplankton per year. 2023 saw record high TPP in the GOM due to a highly unusual phytoplankton bloom, but it is currently unknown how much of that primary production was incorporated into the upper trophic levels. Preliminary 2024 values were near the long-term average.
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/primaray-production-1}
}
\caption{Total areal annual primary production by ecological production unit. The dashed line represents the long-term (1998-2023) annual mean.}\label{fig:primaray-production}
\end{figure}
\href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/zoo_diversity.html}{Zooplankton diversity} is increasing on GB, while no trend is evident in the GOM (Fig. \ref{fig:zoo-diversity-gb}). However, it is worth noting that the 2021 index for the GOM is the highest observed. \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/exp_n.html}{Adult fish diversity} shows an increasing trend in the GOM and no trend on GB (Fig. \ref{fig:exp-n}).
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/zoo-diversity-gb-1}
}
\caption{Zooplankton diversity on Georges Bank and in the Gulf of Maine, based on Shannon diversity index. 2020 surveys were incomplete due to COVID-19.}\label{fig:zoo-diversity-gb}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/exp-n-1}
}
\caption{Adult fish diversity for Georges Bank and in the Gulf of Maine, based on expected number of species in a standard number of individuals. Results from survey vessels Albatross and Bigelow are reported separately due to catchability differences.}\label{fig:exp-n}
\end{figure}
\href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/finfish_traits.html}{Functional traits}, such as length at maturity, asymptotic body size, or fecundity, can synthesize change across complex, diverse communities. Monitoring changes in functional trait distributions can provide a means of assessing ecosystem-scale resilience. There is evidence of long term change in trait distributions in the GOM with an increase in \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/finfish_traits.html}{pace of life} . Both fall and spring finfish communities are showing declines in fecundity in GB and GOM (Fig. \ref{fig:traits-fecund}).
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/traits-fecund-1}
}
\caption{Fish community functional traits in the Mid Atlantic Bight based on Fall (red) and Spring (blue) survey data. Length at maturity for the full finfish community has increased in spring (orange line), but decreased in fall (purple lines)}\label{fig:traits-fecund}
\end{figure}
\subsubsection{Implications}\label{implications-3}
Fleet diversity indices can be used to evaluate stability objectives as well as risks to fishery resilience and to maintain equity in access to fishery resources. The relatively low diversity estimates for the commercial fishery are likely driven by the continued reliance on a few species, such as sea scallops and lobster. This trend could diminish the capacity to respond to future fishing opportunities. Meanwhile, the increase in recreational species catch diversity is due to recent increases in Atlantic States Fisheries Management Council (ASFMC) and MAFMC managed species within the region, offsetting decreased limits on more traditional regional species.
Ecological diversity indices can provide insight into ecosystem structure. Changes in ecological diversity over time may indicate altered ecosystem structure with implications for fishery productivity and management. Increasing zooplankton diversity in GB is attributed to an overall increase in zooplankton abundance and the declining dominance of the calanoid copepod \emph{Centropages typicus}. Stable adult fish diversity on GB suggests the same overall number and evenness over time, but does not rule out species substitutions (e.g., warm-water species replacing cold-water ones). Increasing adult diversity in the GOM suggests an increase in warm-water species and should be closely monitored.
As a whole, the examined diversity indicators suggest changes in commercial and recreational fisheries, likely driven by changes in the mix of species landed. However, there seems to be overall stability in ecosystem components. Increasing diversity in the recreational catch, GB zooplankton, and GOM adult fish accompanied by lows in commercial fleet diversity metrics, suggests warning signs of a potential regime shift or ecosystem restructuring and warrants continued monitoring to determine if managed species are affected.
\subsection{Community Social and Climate Vulnerability}\label{social-vulnerability}
Providing for sustained participation of fishing communities, and avoiding adverse economic impacts to fishing communities are objectives of fishery management. We report the top communities most engaged in commercial and recreational fisheries and the degree to which these communities may be vulnerable to change based on their socioeconomic conditions using data for the most recent available year (2022).
Coastal fishing communities worldwide have or are likely to experience social, economic, and cultural impacts from climate change, both negative (e.g., loss of infrastructure, fish stock decline) and positive (e.g., increased abundance of valuable species). Changes in marine fisheries as a consequence of climate change will require adaptation by coastal fishing communities and fisheries managers alike. The Community Climate Change Risk Indicators were developed to help examine trends in climate change vulnerability in U.S. coastal fishing communities in the Northeast Region using indicators developed to understand fishing community level risk to climate change as based on species dependency.
\subsubsection{Indicators: Fishing Engagement and Community Social Vulnerability}\label{indicators-fishing-engagement-and-community-social-vulnerability}
The \href{https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/engagement.html}{engagement indices} demonstrate the importance of commercial and recreational fishing to a given community relative to other coastal communities in a region. Social vulnerability indicators measure social factors that shape a community's ability to adapt to change.
For this report, we focus on top communities with the highest engagement scores, the top communities with the highest population relative engagement scores, and on three socio-demographic indicators within the CSVI toolset (poverty, personal disruption, population composition).
In 2022, New Bedford, MA stands out as having a particularly high engagement in commercial fishing, while Frenchboro, ME is much more engaged in commercial fishing relative to its population size (Fig. \ref{fig:comm-engagement}). Of particular concern among top communities are New Bedford and Boston, MA as they both have medium or higher scores for all three socio-demographic indicators, while Port Clyde-Tenants Harbor, ME ranked medium for two of the three indicator (Table \ref{tab:comm-vuln}.
\begin{figure}
{\centering \includegraphics{SOE-NEFMC_files/figure-latex/comm-engagement-1}
}
\caption{Commercial engagement and population relative engagement with labels for the top commercially engaged fishing communities in New England. }\label{fig:comm-engagement}
\end{figure}
\global\setlength{\Oldarrayrulewidth}{\arrayrulewidth}
\global\setlength{\Oldtabcolsep}{\tabcolsep}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{2pt}
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1.5}
\providecommand{\ascline}[3]{\noalign{\global\arrayrulewidth #1}\arrayrulecolor[HTML]{#2}\cline{#3}}
\begin{longtable}[c]{|p{3.25in}|p{1.40in}|p{1.65in}|p{0.81in}}
\caption{Socio-demographic\ indicator\ rankings\ (ranging\ from\ low\ =\ low\ vulnerability\ to\ high\ =\ high\ vulnerability)\ for\ New\ England\ communities\ most\ engaged\ in\ commercial\ fishing,\ 2022.\ Blank\ spaces\ indicate\ no\ data\ available.}\label{tab:comm-vuln}\\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-4}
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Community}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Personal\ Disruption}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Population\ Composition}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Poverty}}} \\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-4}\endfirsthead \caption[]{Socio-demographic\ indicator\ rankings\ (ranging\ from\ low\ =\ low\ vulnerability\ to\ high\ =\ high\ vulnerability)\ for\ New\ England\ communities\ most\ engaged\ in\ commercial\ fishing,\ 2022.\ Blank\ spaces\ indicate\ no\ data\ available.}\label{tab:comm-vuln}\\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-4}
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Community}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Personal\ Disruption}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Population\ Composition}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Poverty}}} \\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-4}\endhead
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{New\ Bedford,\ MA}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{med\ high}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{high}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{med\ high}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Narragansett/Point\ Judith,\ RI}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Gloucester,\ MA}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Portland,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Boston,\ MA}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{med}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{high}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{med\ high}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Port\ Clyde-Tenants\ Harbor,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{med}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{med}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Harpswell/Bailey\ Island,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Chatham,\ MA}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Stonington,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Friendship,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{South\ Kingstown/Kingston/Wakefield-Peacedale,\ RI}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Steuben,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Vinalhaven,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Newington,\ NH}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Beals,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Swans\ Island,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{med}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Winter\ Harbor,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Cranberry\ Isles,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Frenchboro,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{}}} \\
\multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 3.25in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{Matinicus\ Isle,\ ME}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.4in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 1.65in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} & \multicolumn{1}{>{\raggedright}m{\dimexpr 0.81in+0\tabcolsep}}{\textcolor[HTML]{000000}{\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont{low}}} \\
\ascline{1.5pt}{666666}{1-4}
\end{longtable}
\arrayrulecolor[HTML]{000000}