numpy-01.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8292d007",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# NumPy\n",
    "(Numeric Python)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "422d5bde",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Installation\n",
    "\n",
    "python -m pip install numpy"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "096aaeb4",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### فراخوانی"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "0e53c073",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "814ac506",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'1.21.5'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "np.__version__"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "6e20207f",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Arrays"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "37c628c0",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([1, 4, 5, 8])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = np.array([1,4,5,8])\n",
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "20698af5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1 4 5 8]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "1ad76706",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "numpy.ndarray"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "23113de9",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dtype('int32')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.dtype"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "4267a793",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([1., 4., 5., 8.])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = np.array([1.,4.,5.,8.])\n",
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "a9b03788",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dtype('float64')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.dtype"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "id": "e2a6d365",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dtype('float64')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = np.array([1,4,5,8],dtype='float')\n",
    "a.dtype"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "06193266",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "عنصر سوم"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "id": "43b9894b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a[2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "id": "9511e4fd",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([5., 8.])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a[2:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "id": "eb68287c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([1., 4.])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a[:2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "id": "e2e5d009",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a[0] = 5.0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "id": "c884dae7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([5., 4., 5., 8.])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "c87a4897",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "تفاوت با لیست"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "id": "ee65b124",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "b = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6]]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "id": "fae4bd42",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b[0][0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "id": "a8b0a7f2",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "id": "8ff03720",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a[0,0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "id": "e4288583",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[1, 2, 3],\n",
       "       [4, 5, 6]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8ac8d723",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "زیرمجموعه"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "id": "281b2b07",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([4, 5, 6])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a[1,:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "id": "4fd0e841",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([2, 5])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 24,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a[:,1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "ee50e4b2",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "###  shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "id": "3432c665",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(2, 3)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "3c833109",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### len"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "id": "d934479d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 26,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "len(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "id": "e99b7a06",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[1, 2, 3],\n",
       "       [4, 5, 6]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "id": "062c1c67",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dtype('int32')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 28,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.dtype"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "id": "e9c16523",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 29,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "2 in a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "id": "7dea94bb",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "0 in a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "6e8dda25",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### تغییر شکل آرایه‌های چند بعدی"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "id": "fcb36eb7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = np.array(range(10),dtype='float')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "id": "071a8732",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([0., 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9.])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "id": "7e83b26c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[0., 1.],\n",
       "       [2., 3.],\n",
       "       [4., 5.],\n",
       "       [6., 7.],\n",
       "       [8., 9.]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 33,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.reshape((5,2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "id": "3842420c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(10,)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 34,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "id": "d68e371b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([0., 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9.])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 35,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "id": "d7a9c327",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(5, 2)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 36,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = a.reshape((5,2))\n",
    "a.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "a1add478",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### دستور انتساب"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "id": "098de855",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = np.array([1,2,3])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "id": "e195c348",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "b = a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "id": "960d7117",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "c = a.copy()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "id": "9a244a15",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([0, 2, 3])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 40,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b[0] = 0\n",
    "b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "id": "01177728",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([0, 2, 3])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "id": "a3b4c5d1",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([1, 2, 3])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 42,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "c"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "5bb8319b",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### tolist"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "id": "01b98a38",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 43,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "c.tolist()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "2f2f89bd",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### transpose"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "id": "ac3be9d7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[0, 1, 2],\n",
       "       [3, 4, 5]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = np.array(range(6)).reshape((2,3))\n",
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "id": "6b6fbd95",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[0, 3],\n",
       "       [1, 4],\n",
       "       [2, 5]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 45,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.transpose()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "id": "adbfe104",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[0, 3],\n",
       "       [1, 4],\n",
       "       [2, 5]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 46,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.T"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "c95aa398",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### flatten"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "id": "9ad0c134",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[1, 2, 3],\n",
       "       [4, 5, 6]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 47,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]])\n",
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "id": "e1e1b230",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.flatten()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "a74b69b8",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "تجمیع آرایه‌ها"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "id": "814032a7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = np.array([1,2])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "id": "9018f229",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "b = np.array([3,4,5,6])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "id": "8862e5c7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "c = np.array([7,8,9])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "id": "ee9c642d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 52,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "np.concatenate((a,b,c))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "id": "64dd9446",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = np.array([[1,2],[3,4]])\n",
    "b = np.array([[5,6],[7,8]])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "id": "ee4bd455",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[1, 2],\n",
       "       [3, 4]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 54,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "id": "0206c585",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[5, 6],\n",
       "       [7, 8]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 55,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "id": "e7ead6b0",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[1, 2],\n",
       "       [3, 4],\n",
       "       [5, 6],\n",
       "       [7, 8]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 56,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "np.concatenate((a,b))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 57,
   "id": "c2927d7e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[1, 2],\n",
       "       [3, 4],\n",
       "       [5, 6],\n",
       "       [7, 8]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 57,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "np.concatenate((a,b),axis=0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 58,
   "id": "c690a442",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[1, 2, 5, 6],\n",
       "       [3, 4, 7, 8]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 58,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "np.concatenate((a,b),axis=1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "id": "16ffe46c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(2, 2, 2)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 60,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "0ac3ca40",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### newaxis"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "id": "24657945",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(3,)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 61,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = np.array([1,2,3])\n",
    "a.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "id": "01846d7d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(3, 1)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 62,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a[:,np.newaxis].shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "id": "ec40ebfc",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[1],\n",
       "       [2],\n",
       "       [3]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 63,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a[:,np.newaxis]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 64,
   "id": "68e37a8f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(1, 3)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 64,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a[np.newaxis,:].shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "id": "acc4eded",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([[1, 2, 3]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 65,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a[np.newaxis,:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "ea178c9c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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