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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<search>
<entry>
<title>Alcatraz 的安装与使用</title>
<url>/2016/04/22/Alcatraz/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h3 id="什么是-Alcatraz-？"><a href="#什么是-Alcatraz-？" class="headerlink" title="什么是 Alcatraz ？"></a>什么是 Alcatraz ？</h3><blockquote>
<p>Alcatraz is an open-source package manager for Xcode 7+. It lets you discover and install plugins, templates and color schemes without the need for manually cloning or copying files. It installs itself as a part of Xcode and it feels like home.<br><a href="https://github.com/alcatraz/Alcatraz">Alcatraz</a> 是一款在 Xcode 7+ 以上用于管理开源包的工具。它可以帮你查找或安装 Xcode 插件、模板、颜色主题，不需要认为的克隆或拷贝文件，它就像是 Xcode 的一部分。</p>
</blockquote>
<span id="more"></span>
<p><strong>（注：Alcatraz 要求 Xcode 版本号为 7 以上）</strong></p>
<h3 id="Alcatraz-的安装"><a href="#Alcatraz-的安装" class="headerlink" title="Alcatraz 的安装"></a>Alcatraz 的安装</h3><ul>
<li>打开终端，在终端中输入：<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/alcatraz/Alcatraz/master/Scripts/install.sh | sh</code></pre></li>
<li>安装成功后显示如下，并重启 Xcode<br><img src="http://ww3.sinaimg.cn/large/006tNc79gw1f784eek7d0j30iy0dajue.jpg" alt="安装"></li>
<li>重启Xcode会提示你是否加载 Bundle，选择 <em><strong>Load Bundle</strong></em></li>
<li>按 <code>shift + command + 9</code> 或者 <code>Windows --> Package Manager</code> ，便可打开 Alcatraz 的图形界面</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="http://ww1.sinaimg.cn/large/006tNc79gw1f784ewdyxmj30i90hvq4y.jpg" alt="图形界面"></p>
<h3 id="Alcatraz-的卸载"><a href="#Alcatraz-的卸载" class="headerlink" title="Alcatraz 的卸载"></a>Alcatraz 的卸载</h3><ul>
<li>打开终端，在终端中输入：<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ rm -rf ~/Library/Application\ Support/Developer/Shared/Xcode/Plug-ins/Alcatraz.xcplugin</code></pre></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="Alcatraz-的使用"><a href="#Alcatraz-的使用" class="headerlink" title="Alcatraz 的使用"></a>Alcatraz 的使用</h3><ul>
<li>输入想要使用的插件，以 <code>KSImagedNamed</code> 为例，点击 <strong>INSTALL</strong> 便可安装<br><img src="http://ww4.sinaimg.cn/large/006tNc79gw1f784f87k07j30i90j3dh7.jpg" alt="install"></li>
<li>在项目中输入 <code>[UIImage imageNamed:]</code> 验证：<br><img src="http://ww1.sinaimg.cn/large/006tNc79gw1f784fo10mej30cj04kwfe.jpg" alt="KSImagedNamed"></li>
<li>Alcatraz 安装的插件都会下载到 <code>~/Library/Application Support/Alcatraz/Plug-ins</code> 文件夹下<br><img src="http://ww1.sinaimg.cn/large/006tNc79gw1f784g01elmj305k0313yn.jpg" alt="插件"></li>
<li>因此若要删除不使用的插件，可直接在该文件夹下删除，或者在图形界面点击 <strong>REMOVE</strong> ，删除所有插件：<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ rm -rf ~/Library/Application\ Support/Alcatraz/</code></pre></li>
</ul>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>工具使用</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>Alcatraz</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>[Python] ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed</title>
<url>/2021/07/22/CERTIFICATE-VERIFY-FAILED/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<p>解决通过官网安装包安装 Python，执行 <code>pip install</code> 时报 ssl 证书验证失败错误：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed</code></pre>
<span id="more"></span>
<p>按安装目录下 <code>ReadMe.rtf</code> 中说明双击执行同目录下 <code>Install Certificates.command</code> 文件：</p>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210722091112.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom:50%;" />
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210722095536.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom:50%;" />
<p>参考资料：<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42098126/mac-osx-python-ssl-sslerror-ssl-certificate-verify-failed-certificate-verify/42098127#42098127">https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42098126/mac-osx-python-ssl-sslerror-ssl-certificate-verify-failed-certificate-verify/42098127#42098127</a></p>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>问题解决</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>python</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>让 NS&UICollectionView 对齐</title>
<url>/2020/05/20/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h1 id="JQCollectionViewAlignLayout"><a href="#JQCollectionViewAlignLayout" class="headerlink" title="JQCollectionViewAlignLayout"></a>JQCollectionViewAlignLayout</h1><p>一个基于流式布局 (flow layout) 的自定义布局对象。支持设置 <code>NS&UICollectionView</code> 水平及竖直方向的对齐方式，以及从右到左及从左到右的排列顺序。</p>
<span id="more"></span>
<h2 id="示例"><a href="#示例" class="headerlink" title="示例"></a>示例</h2><p>可以通过 <code>git clone</code> 仓库，并在 <code>Examples</code> 文件夹下执行 <code>pod install</code>，然后用 Xcode 打开 <code>JQCollectionViewAlignLayout.xcworkspace</code> 并选择下列中的一个 scheme 运行对应的示例项目。</p>
<p><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/schemes.png?raw=true"></p>
<h3 id="iOS"><a href="#iOS" class="headerlink" title="iOS"></a>iOS</h3><p><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/eg-ios.png?raw=true"></p>
<h3 id="macOS"><a href="#macOS" class="headerlink" title="macOS"></a>macOS</h3><p><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/eg-osx.png?raw=true"></p>
<h3 id="tvOS"><a href="#tvOS" class="headerlink" title="tvOS"></a>tvOS</h3><p><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/eg-tvos.png?raw=true"></p>
<h2 id="对齐方式及排列方向"><a href="#对齐方式及排列方向" class="headerlink" title="对齐方式及排列方向"></a>对齐方式及排列方向</h2><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">水平方向</th>
<th align="center">示例图片</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="center">默认流式<br />(<code>JQCollectionViewItemsHorizontalAlignmentFlow</code>)</td>
<td align="center"><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/h-flow.png?raw=true"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">居左<br />(<code>JQCollectionViewItemsHorizontalAlignmentLeft</code>)</td>
<td align="center"><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/h-left.png?raw=true"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">居中<br />(<code>JQCollectionViewItemsHorizontalAlignmentCenter</code>)</td>
<td align="center"><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/h-center.png?raw=true"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">居右<br />(<code>JQCollectionViewItemsHorizontalAlignmentRight</code>)</td>
<td align="center"><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/h-right.png?raw=true"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">平铺填充<br />(<code>JQCollectionViewItemsHorizontalAlignmentFlowFilled</code>)</td>
<td align="center"><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/h-flowfilled.png?raw=true"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">竖直方向</th>
<th align="center">示例图片</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="center">默认居中<br />(<code>JQCollectionViewItemsVerticalAlignmentCenter</code>)</td>
<td align="center"><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/v-center.png?raw=true"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">顶部对齐<br />(<code>JQCollectionViewItemsVerticalAlignmentTop</code>)</td>
<td align="center"><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/v-top.png?raw=true"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">底部对齐<br />(<code>JQCollectionViewItemsVerticalAlignmentBottom</code>)</td>
<td align="center"><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/v-bottom.png?raw=true"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">排列方向</th>
<th align="center">示例图片</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="center">默认从左到右<br />(<code>JQCollectionViewItemsDirectionLTR</code>)</td>
<td align="center"><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/d-ltr.png?raw=true"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">从右到左<br />(<code>JQCollectionViewItemsDirectionRTL</code>)</td>
<td align="center"><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/d-rtl.png?raw=true"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2 id="系统要求"><a href="#系统要求" class="headerlink" title="系统要求"></a>系统要求</h2><p>iOS 6.0 +</p>
<p>macOS 10.11 +</p>
<p>tvOS 9.0 +</p>
<h2 id="安装"><a href="#安装" class="headerlink" title="安装"></a>安装</h2><p><code>JQCollectionViewAlignLayout </code> 可以通过 <a href="http://cocoapods.org/">CocoaPods</a> 安装，只需在你的 Podfile 里加上下面这行：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-ruby" data-language="ruby"><code class="language-ruby">pod 'JQCollectionViewAlignLayout'</code></pre>
<h2 id="使用"><a href="#使用" class="headerlink" title="使用"></a>使用</h2><h4 id="第一步：使用-JQCollectionViewAlignLayout-初始化-collection-view"><a href="#第一步：使用-JQCollectionViewAlignLayout-初始化-collection-view" class="headerlink" title="第一步：使用 JQCollectionViewAlignLayout 初始化 collection view"></a>第一步：使用 <code>JQCollectionViewAlignLayout</code> 初始化 collection view</h4><ul>
<li>可以像下面通过代码的方式:</li>
</ul>
<pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">// UICollectionView
JQCollectionViewAlignLayout *layout = [[JQCollectionViewAlignLayout alloc] init];
UICollectionView *collectionView = [[UICollectionView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds collectionViewLayout:layout];
// NSCollectionView
JQCollectionViewAlignLayout *layout = [[JQCollectionViewAlignLayout alloc] init];
NSCollectionView *collectionView = ...;
collectionView.layout = layout;</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>也可以像下面通过在 Interface Builder 中设置:</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="https://github.com/Coder-ZJQ/JQCollectionViewAlignLayout/blob/master/images/ib-setup.png?raw=true"></p>
<h4 id="第二步：设置对齐方式及排列方向"><a href="#第二步：设置对齐方式及排列方向" class="headerlink" title="第二步：设置对齐方式及排列方向"></a>第二步：设置对齐方式及排列方向</h4><ul>
<li>可以像下面通过 property 为所有 section 设置:</li>
</ul>
<pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">layout.itemsHorizontalAlignment = JQCollectionViewItemsHorizontalAlignmentLeft;
layout.itemsVerticalAlignment = JQCollectionViewItemsVerticalAlignmentCenter;
layout.itemsDirection = JQCollectionViewItemsDirectionLTR;</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>也可以像下面通过 protocol 为每个 section设置:</li>
</ul>
<pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">// 1. 遵循 JQCollectionViewAlignLayoutDelegate 协议
@interface JQViewController () < UICollectionViewDataSource, JQCollectionViewAlignLayoutDelegate>
@end
@implementation JQViewController
// 2. 实现对应协议方法
- (JQCollectionViewItemsHorizontalAlignment)collectionView:(UICollectionView *)collectionView layout:(JQCollectionViewAlignLayout *)layout itemsHorizontalAlignmentInSection:(NSInteger)section {
// 返回 JQCollectionViewItemsHorizontalAlignment 枚举以设置水平对齐方式
}
- (JQCollectionViewItemsVerticalAlignment)collectionView:(UICollectionView *)collectionView layout:(JQCollectionViewAlignLayout *)layout itemsVerticalAlignmentInSection:(NSInteger)section {
// 返回 JQCollectionViewItemsVerticalAlignment 枚举以设置竖直对齐方式
}
- (JQCollectionViewItemsDirection)collectionView:(UICollectionView *)collectionView layout:(JQCollectionViewAlignLayout *)layout itemsDirectionInSection:(NSInteger)section {
// 返回 JQCollectionViewItemsDirection 枚举以设置排列方向
}
@end</code></pre>
<p><em>(剩下的使用与 <code>NS&UICollectionViewFlowLayout</code> 一致，也可打开<a href="./Examples">示例项目</a>查看更多细节)</em></p>
<h2 id="作者"><a href="#作者" class="headerlink" title="作者"></a>作者</h2><p>coder-zjq, <a href="mailto:zjq_joker@163.com">zjq_joker@163.com</a></p>
<h2 id="协议"><a href="#协议" class="headerlink" title="协议"></a>协议</h2><p>JQCollectionViewAlignLayout 遵循 MIT 协议，可以查看 LICENSE 文件获取更多信息。</p>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>编程相关</category>
<category>Objective-C</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>UICollectionView</tag>
<tag>NSCollectionView</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>SVN 的简单使用</title>
<url>/2016/09/08/SVN/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h3 id="创建代码库"><a href="#创建代码库" class="headerlink" title="创建代码库"></a>创建代码库</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ svnadmin create /Users/Joker/svn/MyRepo</code></pre>
<span id="more"></span>
<h3 id="设置代码库权限以及相关配置"><a href="#设置代码库权限以及相关配置" class="headerlink" title="设置代码库权限以及相关配置"></a>设置代码库权限以及相关配置</h3><p>修改代码库文件夹下的 <code>conf/svnserve.conf</code> 文件</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ vi /Users/Joker/svn/MyRepo/conf/svnserve.conf</code></pre>
<p>删除以下几项前的 <code>#</code> 号，表示代码库可读可写，用户密码等配置在 <code>passwd</code> 文件，授权信息在 <code>authz</code> 文件</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none"># anon-access = read
# auth-access = write
# password-db = passwd
# authz-db = authz </code></pre>
<h3 id="配置用户密码等信息"><a href="#配置用户密码等信息" class="headerlink" title="配置用户密码等信息"></a>配置用户密码等信息</h3><p>编辑代码库文件夹下的 <code>conf/passwd</code> 文件</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ vi /Users/Joker/svn/MyRepo/conf/passwd</code></pre>
<p>在 <code>[users]</code> 标签下添加用户信息，表示账号为：zjq，密码为：123</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">[users]
zjq = 123</code></pre>
<h3 id="配置用户组或用户权限"><a href="#配置用户组或用户权限" class="headerlink" title="配置用户组或用户权限"></a>配置用户组或用户权限</h3><p>编辑代码库文件夹下的 <code>conf/authz</code> 文件</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ vi /Users/Joker/svn/MyRepo/conf/authz</code></pre>
<p>可以将若干用户分为一组，统一配置权限，<code>[/]</code> 表示代码库下所有文件，<code>rw</code> 表示可读可写</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">[groups]
group1 = zjq, joker
[/]
@group1 = rw</code></pre>
<p>也可以单独给用户配置权限，注意给用户单独配置权限不需要 <code>@</code></p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">[/]
zjq = rw</code></pre>
<h3 id="启动-SVN-服务器"><a href="#启动-SVN-服务器" class="headerlink" title="启动 SVN 服务器"></a>启动 SVN 服务器</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ svnserve -d -r /Users/Joker/svn/MyRepo</code></pre>
<h3 id="使用-SVN"><a href="#使用-SVN" class="headerlink" title="使用 SVN"></a>使用 SVN</h3><h4 id="从本地导入代码至服务器"><a href="#从本地导入代码至服务器" class="headerlink" title="从本地导入代码至服务器"></a>从本地导入代码至服务器</h4><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ svn import [file-path] [server-path] --username=zjq --password=123 -m "initialize"</code></pre>
<h4 id="从服务器下载代码至本地代码库"><a href="#从服务器下载代码至本地代码库" class="headerlink" title="从服务器下载代码至本地代码库"></a>从服务器下载代码至本地代码库</h4><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ svn checkout [server-path] --username=zjq --password=123 [repo-path] </code></pre>
<h4 id="提交修改至服务器"><a href="#提交修改至服务器" class="headerlink" title="提交修改至服务器"></a>提交修改至服务器</h4><pre class="line-numbers language-bahs" data-language="bahs"><code class="language-bahs">$ svn commit -m "modified the file"</code></pre>
<h4 id="更新服务器代码至本地代码库"><a href="#更新服务器代码至本地代码库" class="headerlink" title="更新服务器代码至本地代码库"></a>更新服务器代码至本地代码库</h4><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ svn update</code></pre>
<h4 id="查看帮助信息"><a href="#查看帮助信息" class="headerlink" title="查看帮助信息"></a>查看帮助信息</h4><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ svn help</code></pre>
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<categories>
<category>工具使用</category>
<category>SVN</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>SVN</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>block 的使用</title>
<url>/2016/08/27/block-usage/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h3 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h3><ul>
<li><code>ReturnType</code>：你所想要返回的数据类型；</li>
<li><code>ParameterType</code>：你所要传递的参数类型；</li>
<li><code>parameterName</code>：你所要传递的参数名；</li>
<li><code>blockName</code>：你所构造的 block 名。</li>
</ul>
<span id="more"></span>
<p>（另外参数可以传入多个）</p>
<h3 id="作为变量"><a href="#作为变量" class="headerlink" title="作为变量"></a>作为变量</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">ReturnType (^blockName)(ParameterType) = ^ReturnType (ParameterType parameterName) {
// Your code here...
};</code></pre>
<h3 id="作为属性"><a href="#作为属性" class="headerlink" title="作为属性"></a>作为属性</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">@property (copy) ReturnType (^blockName) (ParameterType);</code></pre>
<h3 id="作为方法定义参数"><a href="#作为方法定义参数" class="headerlink" title="作为方法定义参数"></a>作为方法定义参数</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">- (void)yourMethod:(ReturnType (^)(ParameterType))blockName;</code></pre>
<h3 id="作为方法传入参数"><a href="#作为方法传入参数" class="headerlink" title="作为方法传入参数"></a>作为方法传入参数</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">[someObject doSomethingWithBlock: ^ReturnType (ParameterType parameterName) {
// Your code here...
}];</code></pre>
<h3 id="匿名-Block"><a href="#匿名-Block" class="headerlink" title="匿名 Block"></a>匿名 Block</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">^ReturnType (ParameterType parameterName) {
// Your code here...
};</code></pre>
<h3 id="使用-typedef"><a href="#使用-typedef" class="headerlink" title="使用 typedef"></a>使用 <code>typedef</code></h3><pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">typedef ReturnType (^blockName)(ParameterType);</code></pre>
<h3 id="内联-Block"><a href="#内联-Block" class="headerlink" title="内联 Block"></a>内联 Block</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">^ReturnType (ParameterType parameterName) {
// Your code here...
}(parameterValue);</code></pre>
<h3 id="递归-Block"><a href="#递归-Block" class="headerlink" title="递归 Block"></a>递归 Block</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">__block ReturnType (^blockName)(ParameterType) = [^ReturnType (ParameterType parameterName) {
if (returnCondition) {
blockName = nil;
return;
}
// Your code here...
} copy];
blockName(parameterValue);</code></pre>
<h3 id="作为返回值"><a href="#作为返回值" class="headerlink" title="作为返回值"></a>作为返回值</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">- (ReturnType(^)(ParameterType))methodName {
// Your code here...
}</code></pre>
<h3 id="在-swift-中（闭包）"><a href="#在-swift-中（闭包）" class="headerlink" title="在 swift 中（闭包）"></a>在 swift 中（闭包）</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-swift" data-language="swift"><code class="language-swift">var blockName = { (parameterName: ParameterType) -> ReturnType in
return returnValue;
}</code></pre>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>编程相关</category>
<category>Objective-C</category>
</categories>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>【面试题】block 相关</title>
<url>/2019/08/29/block/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h2 id="block-的本质"><a href="#block-的本质" class="headerlink" title="block 的本质"></a>block 的本质</h2><blockquote>
<p>block 的本质是封装了函数调用及函数调用环境的 OC 对象。</p>
</blockquote>
<span id="more"></span>
<p>可以执行如下代码验证：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
/*
终端执行：
xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang -arch arm64 -rewrite-objc main.m
获取的 block 相关结构体
*/
// impl 结构体
struct __block_impl {
void *isa;
int Flags;
int Reserved;
void *FuncPtr;
};
// block 描述信息
struct __main_block_desc_0 {
size_t reserved;
size_t Block_size;
};
// block 结构体
struct __main_block_impl_0 {
struct __block_impl impl;
struct __main_block_desc_0* Desc;
int a;
};
//__main_block_impl_0 结构体初始化
//((void (*)())&__main_block_impl_0((void *)__main_block_func_0, &__main_block_desc_0_DATA, a))();
// 函数定义（需传入 __main_block_impl_0 结构体指针）
//static void __main_block_func_0(struct __main_block_impl_0 *__cself) {
// int a = __cself->a; // bound by copy
// NSLog((NSString *)&__NSConstantStringImpl__var_folders_vz_ktjs0_fn5dg59rp_kggzsch80000gn_T_main_995593_mi_0, a);
//}
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
@autoreleasepool {
// 声明变量供 block 捕获
int a = 10;
// 声明 block
void (^block)(void) = ^{
NSLog(@"%s:a: %d", __func__, a);
};
// 强转为 __main_block_impl_0 结构体指针
struct __main_block_impl_0 *blockImpl = (__bridge struct __main_block_impl_0 *)block;
// 打印变量，证明变量是否捕获成功
NSLog(@"__main_block_impl_0->a: %d", blockImpl->a);
// 获取函数指针
void (*func)(struct __main_block_impl_0 *) = blockImpl->impl.FuncPtr;
// 直接通过函数指针调用，证明是否执行 block 内部的代码
func(blockImpl);
}
return 0;
}</code></pre>
<p>打印输出：</p>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210829102657.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom:50%;" />
<h2 id="外部变量的访问"><a href="#外部变量的访问" class="headerlink" title="外部变量的访问"></a>外部变量的访问</h2><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">变量类型</th>
<th align="center">是否捕获到 block 内部</th>
<th align="center">访问方式</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="center">局部 auto 变量</td>
<td align="center">捕获</td>
<td align="center">值传递</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">局部 static 变量</td>
<td align="center">捕获</td>
<td align="center">指针传递</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">全局变量</td>
<td align="center">不捕获</td>
<td align="center">直接访问</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
int c = 30;
static int d = 40;
void blockCapture(void) {
int a = 10;
static int b = 20;
void (^block)(void) = ^{
NSLog(@"%d---%d---%d---%d", a, b, c, d);
};
a = 100;
b = 200;
c = 300;
d = 400;
block();
}</code></pre>
<pre class="line-numbers language-cpp" data-language="cpp"><code class="language-cpp">int c = 30;
static int d = 40;
struct __blockCapture_block_impl_0 {
struct __block_impl impl;
struct __blockCapture_block_desc_0* Desc;
int a;
int *b;
};
static void __blockCapture_block_func_0(struct __blockCapture_block_impl_0 *__cself) {
int a = __cself->a; // bound by copy
int *b = __cself->b; // bound by copy
NSLog((NSString *)&__NSConstantStringImpl__var_folders_vz_ktjs0_fn5dg59rp_kggzsch80000gn_T_main_426782_mi_2, a, (*b), c, d);
}</code></pre>
<h2 id="block-的类型"><a href="#block-的类型" class="headerlink" title="block 的类型"></a>block 的类型</h2><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>block 的类型</th>
<th>环境</th>
<th>副本源的配置存储域</th>
<th>复制效果</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>__NSGlobalBlock__(_NSConcreteGlobalBlock)</td>
<td>没有访问 auto 变量</td>
<td>程序的数据区域（.data 区）</td>
<td>什么也不做</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>__NSStackBlock__(_NSConcreteStackBlock)</td>
<td>访问了 auto 变量</td>
<td>栈</td>
<td>从栈复制到堆</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>__NSMallocBlock__(_NSConcreteMallocBlock)</td>
<td>__NSStackBlock__ 调用了 copy</td>
<td>堆</td>
<td>引用计数增加</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/block.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom:33%;" />
<h2 id="block-的-copy"><a href="#block-的-copy" class="headerlink" title="block 的 copy"></a>block 的 copy</h2><blockquote>
<p>在 ARC 环境下，编译器会根据情况自动将栈上的 block 复制到堆上，比如以下情况</p>
<ul>
<li>block 作为函数返回值时</li>
<li>将 block 赋值给 __strong 指针时</li>
<li>block 作为 Cocoa API 中方法名含有 usingBlock 的方法参数时</li>
<li>block 作为 GCD API 的方法参数时</li>
</ul>
<p>MRC 下 block 属性的建议写法</p>
<ul>
<li><code>@property (copy, nonatomic) void (^block)(void);</code></li>
</ul>
<p>ARC 下 block 属性的建议写法</p>
<ul>
<li><p><code>@property (strong, nonatomic) void (^block)(void);</code></p>
</li>
<li><p><code>@property (copy, nonatomic) void (^block)(void);</code></p>
</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="block-访问对象类型的-auto-变量"><a href="#block-访问对象类型的-auto-变量" class="headerlink" title="block 访问对象类型的 auto 变量"></a>block 访问对象类型的 auto 变量</h2><blockquote>
<p>当 block 内部访问了对象类型的 auto 变量时</p>
<ul>
<li>如果 block 是在栈上，将不会对 auto 变量产生强引用</li>
<li>如果 block 被拷贝到堆上<ul>
<li>会调用 block 内部的 copy 函数</li>
<li>copy 函数内部会调用 _Block_object_assign 函数</li>
<li>_Block_object_assign 函数会根据 auto 变量的修饰符（__strong、__weak、__unsafe_unretained）做出相应的操作，形成强引用（retain）或者弱引用</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>如果 block 从堆上移除<ul>
<li>会调用 block 内部的 dispose 函数</li>
<li>dispose 函数内部会调用 _Block_object_dispose 函数</li>
<li>_Block_object_dispose 函数会自动释放引用的 auto 变量 (release)</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface JQPerson : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
@end
@implementation JQPerson
- (void)dealloc {
NSLog(@"%@: dealloc", self.name);
}
@end
typedef void(^JQBlock)(void);
void blockCopy(void) {
JQBlock block;
{
JQPerson *strongPerson = [[JQPerson alloc] init];
strongPerson.name = @"strong person";
JQPerson *person = [[JQPerson alloc] init];
person.name = @"weak person";
__weak JQPerson *weakPerson = person;
block = ^{
NSLog(@"-->%@", strongPerson.name);
NSLog(@"-->%@", weakPerson.name);
};
}
block();
NSLog(@"-------");
}</code></pre>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang -arch arm64 -rewrite-objc -fobjc-arc -fobjc-runtime=ios-8.0.0 main.m</code></pre>
<pre class="line-numbers language-cpp" data-language="cpp"><code class="language-cpp">struct __blockCopy_block_impl_0 {
struct __block_impl impl;
struct __blockCopy_block_desc_0* Desc;
JQPerson *__strong strongPerson;
JQPerson *__weak weakPerson;
__blockCopy_block_impl_0(void *fp, struct __blockCopy_block_desc_0 *desc, JQPerson *__strong _strongPerson, JQPerson *__weak _weakPerson, int flags=0) : strongPerson(_strongPerson), weakPerson(_weakPerson) {
impl.isa = &_NSConcreteStackBlock;
impl.Flags = flags;
impl.FuncPtr = fp;
Desc = desc;
}
};
static void __blockCopy_block_copy_0(struct __blockCopy_block_impl_0*dst, struct __blockCopy_block_impl_0*src) {
_Block_object_assign((void*)&dst->strongPerson, (void*)src->strongPerson, 3/*BLOCK_FIELD_IS_OBJECT*/);
_Block_object_assign((void*)&dst->weakPerson, (void*)src->weakPerson, 3/*BLOCK_FIELD_IS_OBJECT*/);
}
static void __blockCopy_block_dispose_0(struct __blockCopy_block_impl_0*src) {
_Block_object_dispose((void*)src->strongPerson, 3/*BLOCK_FIELD_IS_OBJECT*/);
_Block_object_dispose((void*)src->weakPerson, 3/*BLOCK_FIELD_IS_OBJECT*/);
}
static struct __blockCopy_block_desc_0 {
size_t reserved;
size_t Block_size;
void (*copy)(struct __blockCopy_block_impl_0*, struct __blockCopy_block_impl_0*);
void (*dispose)(struct __blockCopy_block_impl_0*);
} __blockCopy_block_desc_0_DATA = { 0, sizeof(struct __blockCopy_block_impl_0), __blockCopy_block_copy_0, __blockCopy_block_dispose_0};</code></pre>
<h2 id="block-修饰符"><a href="#block-修饰符" class="headerlink" title="__block 修饰符"></a>__block 修饰符</h2><blockquote>
<ul>
<li>__block 可以用于解决 block 内部无法修改 auto 变量值的问题</li>
<li>__block 不能修饰全局变量、静态变量 (static)</li>
<li>编译器会将 __block 修饰的变量包装成一个对象</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
@autoreleasepool {
__block int a = 10;
void (^block)(void) = ^{
a = 20;
};
block();
}
return 0;
}</code></pre>
<pre class="line-numbers language-cpp" data-language="cpp"><code class="language-cpp">struct __Block_byref_a_0 {
void *__isa;
__Block_byref_a_0 *__forwarding;
int __flags;
int __size;
int a;
};
struct __main_block_impl_0 {
struct __block_impl impl;
struct __main_block_desc_0* Desc;
__Block_byref_a_0 *a; // by ref
__main_block_impl_0(void *fp, struct __main_block_desc_0 *desc, __Block_byref_a_0 *_a, int flags=0) : a(_a->__forwarding) {
impl.isa = &_NSConcreteStackBlock;
impl.Flags = flags;
impl.FuncPtr = fp;
Desc = desc;
}
};
static void __main_block_func_0(struct __main_block_impl_0 *__cself) {
__Block_byref_a_0 *a = __cself->a; // bound by ref
(a->__forwarding->a) = 20;
}
static void __main_block_copy_0(struct __main_block_impl_0*dst, struct __main_block_impl_0*src) {_Block_object_assign((void*)&dst->a, (void*)src->a, 8/*BLOCK_FIELD_IS_BYREF*/);}
static void __main_block_dispose_0(struct __main_block_impl_0*src) {_Block_object_dispose((void*)src->a, 8/*BLOCK_FIELD_IS_BYREF*/);}
static struct __main_block_desc_0 {
size_t reserved;
size_t Block_size;
void (*copy)(struct __main_block_impl_0*, struct __main_block_impl_0*);
void (*dispose)(struct __main_block_impl_0*);
} __main_block_desc_0_DATA = { 0, sizeof(struct __main_block_impl_0), __main_block_copy_0, __main_block_dispose_0};
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
/* @autoreleasepool */ { __AtAutoreleasePool __autoreleasepool;
__attribute__((__blocks__(byref))) __Block_byref_a_0 a = {(void*)0,(__Block_byref_a_0 *)&a, 0, sizeof(__Block_byref_a_0), 10};
void (*block)(void) = ((void (*)())&__main_block_impl_0((void *)__main_block_func_0, &__main_block_desc_0_DATA, (__Block_byref_a_0 *)&a, 570425344));
((void (*)(__block_impl *))((__block_impl *)block)->FuncPtr)((__block_impl *)block);
}
return 0;
}</code></pre>
<h2 id="block-的内存管理"><a href="#block-的内存管理" class="headerlink" title="__block 的内存管理"></a>__block 的内存管理</h2><blockquote>
<ul>
<li>当 block 在栈上时，并不会对 __block 变量产生强引用</li>
<li>当 block 被 copy 到堆时<ul>
<li>会调用 block 内部的 copy 函数</li>
<li>copy 函数内部会调用 _Block_object_assign 函数</li>
<li>_Block_object_assign 函数会对 __block 变量形成强引用（retain）</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>当block从堆中移除时<ul>
<li>会调用 block 内部的 dispose 函数</li>
<li>dispose 函数内部会调用 _Block_object_dispose 函数</li>
<li>_Block_object_dispose 函数会自动释放引用的 __block 变量（release）</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210829155637.png?imageView2/0/q/75%7Cwatermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10"></p>
<p><img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210829155710.png?imageView2/0/q/75%7Cwatermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10"></p>
<h2 id="block-的-forwarding-指针"><a href="#block-的-forwarding-指针" class="headerlink" title="__block 的 __forwarding 指针"></a>__block 的 __forwarding 指针</h2><img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210829155412.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom:50%;" />
<h2 id="block-的循环引用"><a href="#block-的循环引用" class="headerlink" title="block 的循环引用"></a>block 的循环引用</h2><blockquote>
<ul>
<li>__weak</li>
</ul>
<pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">__weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
self.block = ^{
NSLog(@"%@", weakSelf);
};</code></pre>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210829162447.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom: 25%;" />
<ul>
<li>__block 修饰，并在 block 内手动去除引用（必须要调用 block）</li>
</ul>
<pre class="line-numbers language-objectivec" data-language="objectivec"><code class="language-objectivec">__block id blockSelf = self;
self.block = ^{
NSLog(@"%@", blockSelf);
blockSelf = nil;
};
self.block();</code></pre>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210829162448.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom:25%;" />
</blockquote>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>编程相关</category>
<category>Objective-C</category>
<category>面试相关</category>
<category>runtime</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>block</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Mac 上将 iPhone 备份存储至移动硬盘</title>
<url>/2023/02/16/change-iphone-backup-directory/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<p>Mac 上 iPhone 备份的存储路径默认为： <code>/Library/Application Support/MobileSync/Backup</code>，所以可以通过软连接指向其它目录的方式来欺骗系统，将备份文件存储至移动硬盘等其他外部介质。具体操作如下：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash"># 跳转到备份目录
cd ~/Library/Application\ Support/MobileSync/
# 移动备份文件至你想要保存的位置（这里我是移动到“Backup(iPhone)”移动硬盘下）
mv Backup /Volumes/'Backup(iPhone)'
# 生成移动位置软连接以替换原本的 Backup 目录
ln -s /Volumes/'Backup(iPhone)'/Backup/ ~/Library/Application\ Support/MobileSync/Backup</code></pre>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>用 yarn 代替 npm 管理 React-Native 包依赖</title>
<url>/2016/11/22/change-npm-to-yarn/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h3 id="首先得安装-yarn，可参考Yarn-Installation-on-macOS"><a href="#首先得安装-yarn，可参考Yarn-Installation-on-macOS" class="headerlink" title="首先得安装 yarn，可参考Yarn Installation on macOS"></a>首先得安装 yarn，可参考<a href="http://jqz3.tech/2016/10/13/yarn-installation/">Yarn Installation on macOS</a></h3><h3 id="在命令行中输入："><a href="#在命令行中输入：" class="headerlink" title="在命令行中输入："></a>在命令行中输入：</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ yarn global add react-native-cli</code></pre>
<p><img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/2016-11-22-143436.jpg?imageView2/0/q/75%7Cwatermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10"></p>
<h3 id="之后使用-react-native-init-就是用-yarn-来下载包："><a href="#之后使用-react-native-init-就是用-yarn-来下载包：" class="headerlink" title="之后使用 react-native init 就是用 yarn 来下载包："></a>之后使用 react-native init 就是用 yarn 来下载包：</h3><p><img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/2016-11-22-143004.jpg?imageView2/0/q/75%7Cwatermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10"></p>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>工具使用</category>
<category>yarn</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>yarn</tag>
<tag>npm</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>处理 Chrome 浏览器打不开不安全的 https 链接</title>
<url>/2019/10/21/chrome-ssl-certificate-issue/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<ol>
<li>点击页面空白处</li>
<li>键盘输入 <code>thisisunsafe</code></li>
</ol>
<p><img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20211021104531.png?imageView2/0/q/75%7Cwatermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10"></p>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>问题解决</category>
</categories>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>利用 U 盘制作 macOS 系统盘</title>
<url>/2021/06/09/create-macos-install-media/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h2 id="下载"><a href="#下载" class="headerlink" title="下载"></a>下载</h2><p><a href="macappstores://apps.apple.com/cn/app/macos-monterey/id1576738294?mt=12">macOS Monterey</a>、<a href="macappstores://apps.apple.com/cn/app/macos-big-sur/id1526878132?mt=12">macOS Big Sur</a>、<a href="macappstores://apps.apple.com/cn/app/macos-catalina/id1466841314?mt=12">macOS Catalina</a>、<a href="macappstores://apps.apple.com/cn/app/macos-mojave/id1398502828?mt=12">macOS Mojave</a> 或 <a href="macappstores://apps.apple.com/cn/app/macos-high-sierra/id1246284741?mt=12">macOS High Sierra</a> 的安装器会以 App 的形式下载到应用程序”文件夹，名称为“安装 macOS [版本名称]”。如果安装器在下载后打开，退出不要继续安装。</p>
<h2 id="创建可引导安装器"><a href="#创建可引导安装器" class="headerlink" title="创建可引导安装器"></a>创建可引导安装器</h2><p>打开命令行执行，以 macOS Big Sur 为例：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Big\ Sur.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/YourVolume</code></pre>
<p><img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210610013539.png?imageView2/0/q/75%7Cwatermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10"></p>
<p>参考链接：<a href="https://support.apple.com/zh-cn/HT201372">如何创建可引导的 macOS 安装器</a></p>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>工具使用</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>macOS</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Cycript 简单使用</title>
<url>/2020/08/06/cycript/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h3 id="安装"><a href="#安装" class="headerlink" title="安装"></a>安装</h3><p>Cydia 里安装 Cycript:</p>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210806140902.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom: 25%;" />
<span id="more"></span>
<h3 id="启动"><a href="#启动" class="headerlink" title="启动"></a>启动</h3><p>连接 iPhone 并登陆，在终端执行：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash"># 查看需要 cycript 进程，以 AppStore 为例
ps -A | grep AppStore
# 通过进程 ID 启动 cycript
cycript -p 9514
# 或者通过进程名启动 cycript
cycript -p AppStore</code></pre>
<h3 id="常用指令"><a href="#常用指令" class="headerlink" title="常用指令"></a>常用指令</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash"># [UIApplication sharedApplication]
UIApp
# 定义变量：var 变量名 = 变量值
var window = UIApp.keyWindow
window.rootViewController
# #+内存地址获取对象
#0x148027a00.rootViewController
# 已加载的所有 OC 类
ObjectiveC.classes
# 查看对象的所有成员变量
*window
# 递归打印view的所有子控件（跟LLDB一样的函数）
view.recursiveDescription().toString()
# 筛选出某种类型的对象
choose(UIViewController)</code></pre>
<h3 id="封装方法"><a href="#封装方法" class="headerlink" title="封装方法"></a>封装方法</h3><p>新建 <code>JQ.cy</code> 文件：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript">(function(exports) {
RootVC = function() {
return UIApp.keyWindow.rootViewController;
};
})(exports);</code></pre>
<p>将 <code>JQ.cy</code> 放置 <code>/usr/lib/cycript0.9/</code> 文件夹下：</p>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210806144521.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom: 50%;" />
<p>启动 cycript 导入 <code>JQ.cy</code> 并调用其中定义的方法:</p>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210806144853.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom:50%;" />
<h3 id="常用操作"><a href="#常用操作" class="headerlink" title="常用操作"></a>常用操作</h3><p><code>ctrl</code> + <code>c</code>: 取消输入</p>
<p><code>ctrl</code> + <code>d</code>: 退出 cycript</p>
<p><code>command</code> + <code>r</code>: 清空屏幕</p>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>工具使用</category>
<category>逆向安全</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>Cycript</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Cydia 安装 Frida 16.0.8 版本时报错</title>
<url>/2023/02/02/cydia-install-frida-16-0-8-error/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<p>Cydia 在安装 Frida 16.0.8 版本时会有如下报错：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">dpkg-deb --control subprocess returned error exit status 2
Sub-process /usr/libexec/cydia/cydo returned an error code (1)</code></pre>
<span id="more"></span>
<h3 id="解决："><a href="#解决：" class="headerlink" title="解决："></a>解决：</h3><p>第一种：安装旧版本</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash"># 在 GitHub release 页下载旧版本，比如 frida_16.0.6_iphoneos-arm.deb
# 利用 scp 或者 iFunBox 等工具传输到手机
# 在手机对应目录下执行安装指令
dpkg -i frida_16.0.6_iphoneos-arm.deb</code></pre>
<p>第二种：在电脑上重新打包再传输到手机上安装</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash"># 在电脑上
FRIDA_VERSION="16.0.8"
wget https://github.com/frida/frida/releases/download/"${FRIDA_VERSION}"/frida_"${FRIDA_VERSION}"_iphoneos-arm.deb frida_"${FRIDA_VERSION}"_iphoneos-arm.deb
mkdir frida_"${FRIDA_VERSION}"_iphoneos-arm
cd frida_"${FRIDA_VERSION}"_iphoneos-arm
ar -x ../frida_"${FRIDA_VERSION}"_iphoneos-arm.deb
zstd -d *.zst
xz *.tar
ar r frida_"${FRIDA_VERSION}"_iphoneos-arm-repacked.deb debian-binary control.tar.xz data.tar.xz
# 利用 scp 或者 iFunBox 等工具传输到手机
# 在手机对应目录下执行安装指令
FRIDA_VERSION="16.0.8"
dpkg -i "${FRIDA_VERSION}"_iphoneos-arm-repacked.deb</code></pre>
<p>参考链接：<a href="https://github.com/frida/frida/issues/2355">Error when installing Frida 16.0.8 on Cydia · Issue #2355 · frida/frida (github.com)</a></p>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>问题解决</category>
<category>逆向安全</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>jailbreak</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Flutter 安装</title>
<url>/2020/10/17/flutter-install/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h3 id="下载-SDK"><a href="#下载-SDK" class="headerlink" title="下载 SDK"></a>下载 SDK</h3><ul>
<li>可以通过下载压缩包来获取最新的 <a href="https://storage.flutter-io.cn/flutter_infra_release/releases/stable/macos/flutter_macos_2.5.3-stable.zip">stable Flutter SDK</a>，然后将压缩包解压至目标路径，例如：</li>
</ul>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash"># 将下载的压缩包解压
unzip ~/Downloads/flutter_macos_2.5.3-stable.zip
# 移动至 ~/.flutter 目录
mv flutter ~/.flutter</code></pre>
<span id="more"></span>
<ul>
<li>或者通过 git，例如：</li>
</ul>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash"># 可指定分支 clone 对应版本 SDK
git clone -b stable https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git .flutter</code></pre>
<h3 id="环境变量配置"><a href="#环境变量配置" class="headerlink" title="环境变量配置"></a>环境变量配置</h3><p>下载完成后将 flutter 的可执行文件路径添加至配置文件(<code>.bash_profile</code>, <code>.zshrc</code> 等)中的 PATH 环境变量，例如将 Flutter SDK 下载至 <code>.flutter</code> 目录，则为：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">export PATH="$PATH:~/.flutter/bin"</code></pre>
<h3 id="设置镜像地址（国内）"><a href="#设置镜像地址（国内）" class="headerlink" title="设置镜像地址（国内）"></a>设置镜像地址（国内）</h3><p>如果是在国内访问可在配置文件（<code>.bash_profile</code>, <code>.zshrc</code> 等）中加入以下环境变量，设置国内镜像地址：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn</code></pre>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>编程相关</category>
<category>Flutter</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>flutter</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>记录一些 flutter 相关资源</title>
<url>/2021/10/17/flutter-resource/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h3 id="Website"><a href="#Website" class="headerlink" title="Website"></a>Website</h3><ul>
<li>Official: <a href="https://flutter.dev/">https://flutter.dev</a></li>
<li>GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/flutter">https://github.com/flutter</a><ul>
<li>Repo: <a href="https://github.com/flutter/flutter">https://github.com/flutter/flutter</a></li>
<li>Gallery: <a href="https://github.com/flutter/gallery">https://github.com/flutter/gallery</a><span id="more"></span></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Documentation: <a href="https://docs.flutter.dev/">https://docs.flutter.dev/</a><ul>
<li>Tutorials: <a href="https://docs.flutter.dev/reference/tutorials">https://docs.flutter.dev/reference/tutorials</a></li>
<li>Cookbook: <a href="https://docs.flutter.dev/cookbook">https://docs.flutter.dev/cookbook</a></li>
<li>Codelabs: <a href="https://docs.flutter.dev/codelabs">https://docs.flutter.dev/codelabs</a></li>
<li>Widget Index: <a href="https://docs.flutter.dev/reference/widgets">https://docs.flutter.dev/reference/widgets</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>API reference documentation: <a href="https://api.flutter.dev/">https://api.flutter.dev/</a></li>
<li>Samples: <a href="https://flutter.github.io/samples/#">https://flutter.github.io/samples</a></li>
<li>Packages: <a href="https://pub.dev/flutter/packages">https://pub.dev/flutter/packages</a></li>
<li>Awesome Flutter:<ul>
<li>en: <a href="https://github.com/Solido/awesome-flutter">https://github.com/Solido/awesome-flutter</a></li>
<li>cn: <a href="https://github.com/crazycodeboy/awesome-flutter-cn">https://github.com/crazycodeboy/awesome-flutter-cn</a></li>
<li>tips: <a href="https://github.com/erluxman/awesomefluttertips">https://github.com/erluxman/awesomefluttertips</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Stack Overflow: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/flutter">https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/flutter</a></li>
<li>Twitter: <a href="https://twitter.com/FlutterDev">https://twitter.com/FlutterDev</a></li>
<li>中文网: <a href="https://flutter.cn/">https://flutter.cn</a></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="Video"><a href="#Video" class="headerlink" title="Video"></a>Video</h3><ul>
<li>YouTube: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/flutterdev">https://www.youtube.com/flutterdev</a></li>
<li>Bilibili: <a href="https://space.bilibili.com/344928717">https://space.bilibili.com/344928717</a></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="Book"><a href="#Book" class="headerlink" title="Book"></a>Book</h3><ul>
<li> Flutter Apprentice: <a href="https://store.raywenderlich.com/products/flutter-apprentice-google">https://store.raywenderlich.com/products/flutter-apprentice-google</a></li>
</ul>
<script>
var style = document.createElement("style");
style.type = "text/css";
style.innerHTML = 'p{margin:0;}';
window.document.head.appendChild(style);
</script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>编程相关</category>
<category>Flutter</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>flutter</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>通过 Apple Configurator 2 获取 ipa</title>
<url>/2021/06/10/get-ipa/</url>
<content><![CDATA[<h4 id="准备"><a href="#准备" class="headerlink" title="准备"></a>准备</h4><ul>
<li>手机已安装该应用</li>
<li>电脑安装 <a href="https://apps.apple.com/cn/app/apple-configurator-2/id1037126344?l=en&mt=12">Apple Configurator 2</a></li>
</ul>
<span id="more"></span>
<h4 id="操作"><a href="#操作" class="headerlink" title="操作"></a>操作</h4><p><strong>1. 手机连接电脑并信任，打开 Apple Configurator 2；</strong></p>
<p><strong>2. 选中设备点击添加应用：</strong></p>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/Screen%20Shot%202021-06-10%20at%2018.09.11.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom:40%;" />
<p><strong>3. 选择需要获取的应用添加：</strong></p>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210610181040.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom:33%;" />
<p><strong>4. 等待下载：</strong></p>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210610181138.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom: 50%;" />
<p><strong>5. 下载成功提示已安装，不要操作：</strong></p>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210610181232.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom:50%;" />
<p><strong>6. 打开下列文件夹：</strong></p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ open ~/Library/Group\ Containers/K36BKF7T3D.group.com.apple.configurator/Library/Caches/Assets</code></pre>
<p>即可看到下载的 ipa：</p>
<img src="https://image.jqz3.tech/blog/20210610181336.png?imageView2/0/q/75|watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9qcXozLnRlY2g=/font/bWljcm9zb2Z0IHlhaGVp/fontsize/360/fill/I0ZGRkZGRg==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast/dx/10/dy/10" style="zoom:50%;" /><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kity.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/kityminder.core.min.js"></script><script defer="true" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/mindmap.min.css">]]></content>
<categories>
<category>工具使用</category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag>ipa</tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>git cherry-pick</title>
<url>/2020/05/14/git-cherry-pick/</url>