This documentation is a work in progress: if in doubt, head over to the tests directory to see examples of how each helper can be used.
All returned numbers are of type BN.
Helpers to inspect Ether balances of a specific account.
All of these functions return BN instances, with balances in 'wei' by default.
async function balance.current(account, unit = 'wei')Returns the current balance of an account.
const balance = await balance.current(account)
// same as new BN(web3.eth.getBalance(account))
const balanceEth = await balance.current(account, 'ether')
// same as new BN(web3.utils.fromWei(await web3.eth.getBalance(account), 'ether'))async function balance.tracker(account, unit = 'wei')Creates an instance of a balance tracker, which lets you keep track of the changes in an account’s Ether balance.
const tracker = await balance.tracker(account)async function tracker.get(unit = tracker.unit)Returns the current balance of an account.
const tracker = await balance.tracker(account) // instantiation
const currentBalance = await tracker.get() // returns the current balance of accountasync function tracker.delta(unit = tracker.unit)Returns the change in the balance since the last time it was checked (with either get() or delta()).
const tracker = await balance.tracker(receiver, 'ether')
send.ether(sender, receiver, ether('10'))
(await tracker.delta()).should.be.bignumber.equal('10');
(await tracker.delta()).should.be.bignumber.equal('0');Or using get():
const tracker = await balance.tracker(account) // instantiation
const currentBalance = await tracker.get() // returns the current balance of account
(await tracker.delta()).should.be.bignumber.equal('0');A tracker can also return all balances and deltas in a specific unit:
const tracker = await balance.tracker(account, 'gwei');
const balanceGwei = tracker.get(); // in gigawei
const balanceEther = tracker.get('ether'); // in etherA bn.js object. Use new BN(number) to create BN instances.
A collection of useful constants.
function expectEvent(receipt, eventName, eventArgs = {})Asserts that the logs in receipt contain an event with name eventName and arguments that match those specified in eventArgs. receipt should be an object returned by either a web3 Contract or a truffle-contract call.
Note that it’s possible to leave some or all event arguments unspecified, or even leave out the entire eventArgs argument. The function will only check the arguments that are specified, and ignore the rest.
const web3Receipt = await MyWeb3Contract.methods.foo('bar').send();
expectEvent(web3Receipt, 'Foo', { value: 'bar' });
const truffleReceipt = await MyTruffleContract.foo('bar');
expectEvent(truffleReceipt, 'Foo', { value: 'bar' });async function expectEvent.inTransaction(txHash, emitter, eventName, eventArgs = {})Same as expectEvent, but for events emitted in an arbitrary transaction (of hash txHash), by an arbitrary contract (emitter, the contract instance), even if it was indirectly called (i.e. if it was called by another smart contract and not an externally owned account).
// With web3 contracts
const contract = await MyContract.deploy().send();
const { transactionHash } = await contract.methods.foo('bar').send();
await expectEvent.inTransaction(transactionHash, contract, 'Foo', { value: 'bar' });
// With truffle contracts
const contract = await MyContract.new();
const { txHash } = await contract.foo('bar');
await expectEvent.inTransaction(txHash, contract, 'Foo', { value: 'bar' });async function expectEvent.inConstruction(emitter, eventName, eventArgs = {})Same as inTransaction, but for events emitted during the construction of emitter. Note that this is currently only supported for truffle contracts.
async function notInTransaction (txHash, emitter, eventName)Asserts that the event with name eventName as declared in the emitter contract was not emitted in the transaction with hash txHash. Note that the assertion will also fail if the transaction was emitted indirectly (in a nested external function call).
// With web3 contracts
const contract = await MyContract.deploy().send();
const { transactionHash } = await contract.methods.foo().send();
await expectEvent.not.inTransaction(transactionHash, contract, 'NotEmittedByFoo');
// With web3 contracts
const contract = await MyContract.deploy().send();
const { transactionHash } = await contract.methods.foo().send();
await expectEvent.not.inTransaction(transactionHash, contract, 'EmittedByFoo'); // Will fail
// With truffle contracts
const contract = await MyContract.new();
const { txHash } = await contract.foo();
await expectEvent.not.inTransaction(txHash, contract, 'NotEmittedByFoo');
const contract = await MyContract.new();
const { txHash } = await contract.foo();
await expectEvent.not.inTransaction(txHash, contract, 'EmittedByFoo'); // Will failasync function expectRevert(promise, message)Helpers for transaction failure (similar to chai’s throw): asserts that promise was rejected due to a reverted transaction.
It will also check that the revert reason includes message. Use expectRevert.unspecified when the revert reason is unknown.
For example, given the following contract:
contract Owned {
address private _owner;
constructor () {
_owner = msg.sender;
}
function doOwnerOperation() public view {
require(msg.sender == _owner, "Unauthorized");
....
}
}The require statement in the doOwnerOperation function can be tested as follows:
const { expectRevert } = require('@openzeppelin/test-helpers');
const Owned = artifacts.require('Owned');
contract('Owned', ([owner, other]) => {
beforeEach(async function () {
this.owned = Owned.new();
});
describe('doOwnerOperation', function() {
it('Fails when called by a non-owner account', async function () {
await expectRevert(
this.owned.doOwnerOperation({ from: other }),
"Unauthorized"
);
});
});
...async function expectRevert.unspecified(promise)Like expectRevert, asserts that promise was rejected due to a reverted transaction caused by a require or revert statement, but doesn’t check the revert reason.
async function expectRevert.assertion(promise)Asserts that promise was rejected due to a reverted transaction caused by an assert statement or an invalid opcode.
async function singletons.ERC1820Registry(funder)Returns an instance of an ERC1820Registry deployed as per the specification (i.e. the registry is located at the canonical address). This can be called multiple times to retrieve the same instance.
async function time.advanceBlock()Forces a block to be mined, incrementing the block height.
async function time.advanceBlockTo(target)Forces blocks to be mined until the the target block height is reached.
Note: Using this function to advance too many blocks can really slow down your tests. Keep its use to a minimum.
async function time.latest()Returns the timestamp of the latest mined block. Should be coupled with advanceBlock to retrieve the current blockchain time.
async function time.increase(duration)Increases the time of the blockchain by duration (in seconds), and mines a new block with that timestamp.
async function time.increaseTo(target)Same as increase, but a target time is specified instead of a duration.