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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<header class="post-header">
<h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">
<a href="/2024/07/23/%E6%A8%A1%E7%89%B9%E5%A7%BF%E5%8A%BF%E5%BC%95%E5%AF%BC/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">模特姿势引导</a>
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span>
<time title="创建时间：2024-07-23 01:14:36" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2024-07-23T01:14:36+08:00">2024-07-23</time>
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<a href="/categories/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">生活</span></a>
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</span>
<span class="post-meta-item">
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<i class="far fa-comment"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">Valine：</span>
<a title="valine" href="/2024/07/23/%E6%A8%A1%E7%89%B9%E5%A7%BF%E5%8A%BF%E5%BC%95%E5%AF%BC/#valine-comments" itemprop="discussionUrl">
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</a>
</span>
</div>
</header>
<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody">
<h2 id="躯干">躯干</h2>
<ol type="1">
<li>头部和躯干不在一条直线, 避免太证件照</li>
<li>肩线和腰线不要平行线</li>
<li>尽量露出颈部曲线</li>
</ol>
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<article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="post-block" lang="zh-CN">
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<a href="/2024/01/15/Unity%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">Unity优化基础</a>
</h2>
<div class="post-meta">
<span class="post-meta-item">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="far fa-calendar"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span>
<time title="创建时间：2024-01-15 22:10:22" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2024-01-15T22:10:22+08:00">2024-01-15</time>
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<a href="/categories/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">基础</span></a>
</span>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="far fa-comment"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">Valine：</span>
<a title="valine" href="/2024/01/15/Unity%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/#valine-comments" itemprop="discussionUrl">
<span class="post-comments-count valine-comment-count" data-xid="/2024/01/15/Unity%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/" itemprop="commentCount"></span>
</a>
</span>
</div>
</header>
<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody">
<h1 id="有哪些优化指标">有哪些优化指标</h1>
<p>项目的优化直接影响着应用的使用体验。首先我们需要选择一些指标来作为优化目标：</p>
<ul>
<li>运行时指标：帧率FPS是我们最常接触，也是体验最明显的性能指标。一个项目15帧基本上是不能用的状态，30帧勉强能用，能做到60帧则会让用户体验有极大的提高。另一方面，运行时内存大小也十分重要，考虑到移动平台内存条件有限，过大的内存占用很容易造成杀后台和进程崩溃。</li>
<li>离线指标：Unity为了尽可能适配所有类型的资产，提供了丰富繁杂的资产导入设置。然而为了普适性，其中很多默认设置存在性能、存储大小、内存大小等方面的浪费，因此如何优化好一个资产的离线设置也对项目很有帮助。另一方面，减小包体大小对于项目的分发也有所帮助，毕竟没有人愿意动不动就下1G的APP。</li>
</ul>
<p>下面从离线资产优化开始介绍。</p>
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<p>参考<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://gpp.tkchu.me/">Game Programming
Patterns</a>完成的设计模式总结笔记。</p>
<h2 id="命令模式">命令模式</h2>
<p>命令模式本质上希望把一个<strong>硬编码的函数</strong>解耦成<strong>可配置的函数命令</strong>，尽可能将<strong>功能触发</strong>和<strong>具体功能</strong>分离。</p>
<p>如下有一个玩家对象的输入控制功能，其中按下X键对应jump动作。如果我们想要将X键绑定到fireGun功能，那还得去代码里修改对应的硬编码if语句，然后重新编译，重新链接。</p>
<figure class="highlight cs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">void</span> InputHandler::handleInput()</span><br><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (isPressed(BUTTON_X)) jump();</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="keyword">if</span> (isPressed(BUTTON_Y)) fireGun();</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="keyword">if</span> (isPressed(BUTTON_A)) swapWeapon();</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="keyword">if</span> (isPressed(BUTTON_B)) lurchIneffectively();</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<h2 id="点云空间学习">点云空间学习</h2>
<h3
id="pointnet-deep-learning-on-point-sets-for-3d-classification-and-segmentation">PointNet:
Deep Learning on Point Sets for 3D Classification and Segmentation</h3>
<ul>
<li>Qi C R, Su H, Mo K, et al. Pointnet: Deep learning on point sets for
3d classification and segmentation[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE
conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 2017:
652-660.</li>
</ul>
<p>PointNet首次基于原始点云进行深度学习,其提出了点云深度学习的<strong>三大原则:
无序性、点间联系、变换一致性</strong>。基于此,
PointNet在点云上逐点运用了MLP进行变换,
并且构造了<strong>T-Net</strong>进行对抗点云的仿射变换, 最终使用max
pool进行对称聚合。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>缺少对局部结构的特征学习</p>
</blockquote>
<h3
id="pointnet-deep-hierarchical-feature-learning-on-point-sets-in-a-metric-space">PointNet++:
Deep Hierarchical Feature Learning on Point Sets in a Metric Space</h3>
<ul>
<li>Qi C R, Yi L, Su H, et al. Pointnet++: Deep hierarchical feature
learning on point sets in a metric space[J]. Advances in neural
information processing systems, 2017, 30.</li>
</ul>
<p>PointNet没有捕捉到点的局部结构特征，限制了细粒度和复杂场景的识别、泛化能力。PointNet++则引出了一个<strong>set
abstraction层</strong>对点云进行多级学习。set
abstraction定义了多级多块的局部邻域结构,
其在每一个局部邻域中都使用了mini-PointNet来进行特征抽取。然而由于点云是非均匀分布的,
不同的局部邻域的密度不一样,
因此PointNet++提出了两种自适应密度的特征融合模块: <strong>Multi-scale
grouping（MSG）</strong> 和 <strong>Multi-resolution
grouping（MRG）</strong>。</p>
<p>另外由于部位分割等任务最终需要输出逐点的特征标签, 因此在set
abstraction之后, Pointnet++一方面在同一级内进行反距离的插值传播,
另一方面自顶向下进行反向逐级的特征传播。在同一层内对两种传播特征进行拼接,
即得到该层的逐点特征。</p>
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<h1 id="机制">机制</h1>
<h2 id="委托">委托</h2>
<p>委托类似于函数指针：</p>
<figure class="highlight cs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//定义委托类型 / 定义函数指针类型</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="built_in">delegate</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">MyDelegateType</span>(<span class="params"><span class="built_in">int</span> a</span>)</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//根据类型创建实例对象</span></span><br><span class="line">MyDelegateType my_delegate_instance=<span class="keyword">new</span> ();</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//注册指向函数</span></span><br><span class="line">my_delegate_instance+=Func1;</span><br><span class="line">my_delegate_instance+=Func2;</span><br><span class="line">my_delegate_instance+=Func3;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//删除函数</span></span><br><span class="line">my_delegate_instance-=Func3;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//唤醒函数</span></span><br><span class="line">my_delegate_instance.Invoke(int_variable);</span><br><span class="line">my_delegate_instance(int_variable);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>在我们定义委托类型时，本质上编译器会生成一个继承自标准库的类，如下所示。这个类实际上会形成一个委托的闭包，其会包含调用所需的所有信息，如调用实例、待调用方法的位置。</p>
<figure class="highlight cs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">MyDelegateType</span> :<span class="title">System.MulticastDelegate</span></span><br><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//一些继承的重要字段</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">internal</span> Object _target;<span class="comment">//当委托注册了实例方法时，这个字段会填充实例对象，以便调用实例方法。</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">internal</span> IntPtr _methodPtr;<span class="comment">//指针，单播时使用，指向那个注册的方法。</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> Object _invocationList;<span class="comment">//方法链，多播时使用，指向多个单播委托实例。</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//唤醒操作</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">virtual</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">Invoke</span>(<span class="params"><span class="built_in">int</span> a</span>)</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//...其余字段和方法</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>对于单播委托，其会在<code>_methodPtr</code>中直接存储方法地址。然而正如上文所示，一个委托可以注册多个方法。实际上在注册多个方法后，C#会生成一个独立的委托实例，用来指向多个单播委托：</p>
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// }
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// }
// if (element.type) {
// script.type = element.type;
// }
// if (element.src) {
// script.src = element.src;
// // Force synchronous loading of peripheral JS.
// script.async = false;
// }
// if (element.dataset.pjax !== undefined) {
// script.dataset.pjax = '';
// }
// if (code !== '') {
// script.appendChild(document.createTextNode(code));
// }
// parent.appendChild(script);
// });
// NexT.boot.refresh();
// // Define Motion Sequence & Bootstrap Motion.
// if (CONFIG.motion.enable) {
// NexT.motion.integrator
// .init()
// .add(NexT.motion.middleWares.subMenu)
// .add(NexT.motion.middleWares.postList)
// .bootstrap();
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var canonicalURL, curProtocol;
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var x=document.getElementsByTagName("link");
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if(x[i].rel.toLowerCase() == 'canonical' && x[i].href){
canonicalURL=x[i].href;
}
}
}
//Get protocol
if (!canonicalURL){
curProtocol = window.location.protocol.split(':')[0];
}
else{
curProtocol = canonicalURL.split(':')[0];
}
//Get current URL if the canonical URL does not exist
if (!canonicalURL) canonicalURL = window.location.href;
//Assign script content. Replace current URL with the canonical URL
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</script>
<script src="/js/local-search.js"></script>
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<script>
if (typeof MathJax === 'undefined') {
window.MathJax = {
loader: {
source: {